Salmonella enteritidis from a case of fever with thrombocytopenia

Non typhoidal Salmonella species are thought to be potentially infectious to humans.We isolated Salmonella enteritidis from a 10-year-old boy with fever and thrombocytopenia.We reviewed the literature conceming infections caused by Salmonella but we could not find any such case report from India.

Nonunion of coronal shear fracture of femoral condyle

Isolated coronal fractures of femoral condyle are rare in adults and nonunion of Hoffa fracture is reported only a few times in the literature. We analyzed six cases of nonunion of Hoffa fractures over a period of three years. Three patients were treated conservatively and three patients had fixation failures. Delay of presentation was 2 months to one year. Treatment protocol consisted of open reduction, excision of pseudoarthrosis, bone grafting and internal fixation along with knee arthrolysis. Union wasachieved in all patients at mean 16 weeks. The treatment of nonunion of Hoffa fractures requires careful preoperative planning and meticulous surgical technique. The literature regarding the controversies in fracture management and surgical technique are reviewed.

Monteggia fracture dislocation equivalents analysis of eighteen cases treated by open reduction and internal fixation

Objective： Monteggia fracture disloca- tion equivalent, though already described by Bado, is still an unclassified entity. We aimed to retrospectively analyze 18 cases of Monteggia variants and discuss the injury mechanisms, management, and outcome along with a re- view of the literature. Methods： A retrospective record of Monteggia frac- ture dislocation （2003-2008） was reviewed from medical record department of our institute. Classic Monteggia frac- ture dislocation, children below 12 years or adults over 50 years, as well as open grade iI ＆ Ill cases were excluded from this study. Monteggia variant inclusion criteria in- cluded fracture of the proximal ulna together with a fracture of the radial head or neck and skeletal maturity. Totally 26 patients were identified with Monteggia variants and 18 were available for follow-up, including 11 males and 7 fe- males with the mean age of 35 years. The ulna fracture was treated by compression plating along with tension band wiring. Radial head/neck was reconstructed in 12 patients while excised in 6 patients. Results： Follow-up ranged from 1-4 years, mean 2.6 years. Patients were assessed clinicoradiologically. MayoElbow Performance Score outcomes. At final follow-up, was employed to assess the the results were excellent in 10 patients, good in 4, fair in 2 and poor in 2. Mean range of motion of the elbow was 20°, 116°, 50° and 55° for extension, flexion, pronation and supination, respectively. Two patients had complications in the form of heterotopic ossification and stiffness of the elbow. One nonunion ulna, primarily treated by tension band wiring, was managed by refixation with locking reconstruction plate and bone grafting. Bone grafting was only required in this patient for nonunion. Another patient had implants removed on his request. The results in our series closely correlated with extent of intraarticular damage, coronoid fracture and comminuted fractures. Conclusions： Monteggia fracture dislocation equiva- lents are rare injuries and pre-surgery recognition by radio- graphs and 3-D CT helps make optimal plan. The poor results usually relate to intraarticular damage, coronoid fractures and comminution of the ulna and radial head fractures.