Over the past 200 years, there has been significant advancements in the fields of bioengineering and orthopaedics. Investigators, clinicians and manufactures are learning that the success of implant systems is not lim...Over the past 200 years, there has been significant advancements in the fields of bioengineering and orthopaedics. Investigators, clinicians and manufactures are learning that the success of implant systems is not limited to a single factor, but a combination of variables that must work in unison to provide stability and high survivorship. Innovations continue to advance these fields and include: biomimetic alterations, three-dimensional, patient-specific reconstructions and novel coatings to mitigate aseptic loosening or other pathologies. However, implant systems continue to fail in clinical practice since they do not adhere to key fundamental principles. Therefore, this article is intended to highlight 5 hallmarks of biomaterials that should be considered during design, surgery, and post-operative rehabilitation.展开更多
AIM To examine the differences in metabolic risk factors(RFs) by gender in the Asian Indian(AI) population in the United States. METHODS Using cross-sectional data from 1038 randomly selected Asian Indians, we investi...AIM To examine the differences in metabolic risk factors(RFs) by gender in the Asian Indian(AI) population in the United States. METHODS Using cross-sectional data from 1038 randomly selected Asian Indians, we investigated the relationship between metabolic syndrome(Met S) RFs, cardiovascular disease,and diabetes. RESULTS A greater percent of women in this group had increased waist circumference and low high density lipoprotein(HDL) levels than men, but AI males had increased blood glucose, increased blood pressure, and increased triglycerides compared to females. Those individuals who met the Met S criteria had increased cardiovascular disease. One of the biggest single RFs for cardiovascular disease and diabetes reported in the literature for AIs is low HDL. CONCLUSION Our results show that lack of knowledge about diabetes, low physical activity, increased body mass index, and age were the factors most significantly correlated with low HDL in this population. Future studies and prospective trials are needed to further elucidate causes of the Met S and diabetes in AIs.展开更多
Autoimmune epilepsy(AE)is a general term to describe recurrent seizures that have an immune-mediated origin.It is increasingly being recognized as a cause of epilepsy due to accumulating evidence supporting an immune-...Autoimmune epilepsy(AE)is a general term to describe recurrent seizures that have an immune-mediated origin.It is increasingly being recognized as a cause of epilepsy due to accumulating evidence supporting an immune-mediated pathogenesis in patients who have shown resistance to traditional antiepileptic drugs(AEDs).The diagnosis of AE is one of the exclusions.Currently,there are no strict diagnostic guidelines for AE,and it is similarly under-recognized.The importance of early diagnosis of AE cannot be overstated,as prompt immunotherapy is important for seizure reduction.Further investigations into potential biomarkers are needed for early detection of AE and include targeted immunotherapies in combination with AEDs.The goal of this review was to provide an overview of the following biomarkers that have been associated with AE:AMPAR,LGl1,CASPR2,DPPX,GABAAR,GABABR,GFAP,GlyR,mGluR5,NMDAR,VGCC(P/Q types),amphiphysin,ANNA-1,CRMP-5,GAD65,and Ma1/Ma2 antibodies.展开更多
文摘Over the past 200 years, there has been significant advancements in the fields of bioengineering and orthopaedics. Investigators, clinicians and manufactures are learning that the success of implant systems is not limited to a single factor, but a combination of variables that must work in unison to provide stability and high survivorship. Innovations continue to advance these fields and include: biomimetic alterations, three-dimensional, patient-specific reconstructions and novel coatings to mitigate aseptic loosening or other pathologies. However, implant systems continue to fail in clinical practice since they do not adhere to key fundamental principles. Therefore, this article is intended to highlight 5 hallmarks of biomaterials that should be considered during design, surgery, and post-operative rehabilitation.
文摘AIM To examine the differences in metabolic risk factors(RFs) by gender in the Asian Indian(AI) population in the United States. METHODS Using cross-sectional data from 1038 randomly selected Asian Indians, we investigated the relationship between metabolic syndrome(Met S) RFs, cardiovascular disease,and diabetes. RESULTS A greater percent of women in this group had increased waist circumference and low high density lipoprotein(HDL) levels than men, but AI males had increased blood glucose, increased blood pressure, and increased triglycerides compared to females. Those individuals who met the Met S criteria had increased cardiovascular disease. One of the biggest single RFs for cardiovascular disease and diabetes reported in the literature for AIs is low HDL. CONCLUSION Our results show that lack of knowledge about diabetes, low physical activity, increased body mass index, and age were the factors most significantly correlated with low HDL in this population. Future studies and prospective trials are needed to further elucidate causes of the Met S and diabetes in AIs.
文摘Autoimmune epilepsy(AE)is a general term to describe recurrent seizures that have an immune-mediated origin.It is increasingly being recognized as a cause of epilepsy due to accumulating evidence supporting an immune-mediated pathogenesis in patients who have shown resistance to traditional antiepileptic drugs(AEDs).The diagnosis of AE is one of the exclusions.Currently,there are no strict diagnostic guidelines for AE,and it is similarly under-recognized.The importance of early diagnosis of AE cannot be overstated,as prompt immunotherapy is important for seizure reduction.Further investigations into potential biomarkers are needed for early detection of AE and include targeted immunotherapies in combination with AEDs.The goal of this review was to provide an overview of the following biomarkers that have been associated with AE:AMPAR,LGl1,CASPR2,DPPX,GABAAR,GABABR,GFAP,GlyR,mGluR5,NMDAR,VGCC(P/Q types),amphiphysin,ANNA-1,CRMP-5,GAD65,and Ma1/Ma2 antibodies.
