The electronic and bibliographic sources, as well as some interviews and focus groups conducted in Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua, all present interpretations by different actors on the so-called democratic transition in Me...The electronic and bibliographic sources, as well as some interviews and focus groups conducted in Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua, all present interpretations by different actors on the so-called democratic transition in Mexico. The model, proposed Carothers （2002） to explain the transition from a dictatorship to democracy, as stage universally. This article shows which of the five assumptions of the model are present in the experience of the Mexican transition and those that were not consider applicable. He also argues that the model shows features of a teleological perspective, by omitting the particularities of each country, eliminating any reference to diversity and difference, becoming an ideological approach linked to the process of economic globalization. It criticizes the absence of discussion of social and economic objectives that should be priority in a conception of substantive democracy, rather than limiting the horizon of the transition to a liberal and normative conception, that assumes two basic formulas： （1） Democracy is equal to elections; and （2） a citizen is a vote. Contrasting documents on electoral disenchantment in Ciudad Juarez and the actions that various political actors have done, we can illustrate what can be termed substantive citizenship.展开更多
Recent advances in neuroscience have illuminated the central role of glutamate dysregulation in various neurological disorders.The glutamatergic system has emerged as a central player in the pathophysiology of various...Recent advances in neuroscience have illuminated the central role of glutamate dysregulation in various neurological disorders.The glutamatergic system has emerged as a central player in the pathophysiology of various neurological disorders.The dysregulation of glutamate signaling,leading to excitotoxicity and neuronal cell death,has been a focal point in understanding the underlying mechanisms of these conditions.This has prompted a paradigm shift in neuroprotection research,with a growing emphasis on targeting ionotropic glutamate receptors(iGluRs)to restore glutamatergic homeostasis.This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in the field of iGluR-targeted neuroprotection.We further investigate the implications of glutamate dysregulation in the central nervous system(CNS)disorders,highlighting the complex interplay between excitotoxicity and neuroprotection.We elucidate the multifaceted factors that render neurons vulnerable to excitotoxic damage,emphasizing the need for innovative therapeutic approaches.This review provides an extensive survey of the burgeoning field of iGluR-targeted neuroprotection.It showcases the significant potential of a wide array of compounds,encompassing both natural and synthetic agents,to modulate iGluRs and ameliorate excitotoxicity and oxidative stress-induced neuronal damage.These compounds have demonstrated impressive neuroprotective effects in diverse experimental models,from glutamate-induced toxicity to traumatic brain injuries.We advocate for further research and clinical investigations to harness the full therapeutic potential of iGluR modulation,heralding a promising era in neuroprotection and CNs disorder management.展开更多
Oral squamous cell carcinoma is a neoplasm that originates from the epithelial mucosa.It is usually more frequent between the fifth and sixth decades of life,and more than 90% of carcinomas of the oral cavity are squa...Oral squamous cell carcinoma is a neoplasm that originates from the epithelial mucosa.It is usually more frequent between the fifth and sixth decades of life,and more than 90% of carcinomas of the oral cavity are squamous cell carcinoma.It is an invasive neoplasia with a significant recurrence rate;40% of patients present with metastases in the cervical lymph nodes at the time of diagnosis.The tumor invasion front is a characteristic of tumor growth,which can be infiltrative or noninvasive.The histopathological parameters examined include the number of mitoses,depth of the tumor,invasion pattern,degree of keratinization,and nuclear pleomorphism.For the pathologist,these parameters are routinely evaluated but are not reported to the treating physician in all cases,which we consider to be useful information when determining the therapeutic route.展开更多
The application of stem cells is among the many strategies currently available for the treatment of multiple diseases.Stem cells are characterized as undifferentiated cells that have the ability to differentiate towar...The application of stem cells is among the many strategies currently available for the treatment of multiple diseases.Stem cells are characterized as undifferentiated cells that have the ability to differentiate towards multiple lineages and selfrenewal,among other attributes.Since the first umbilical cord stem cell transplant for the treatment of Fanconi anemia,the use of stem cells for the treatment of multiple diseases,including coronavirus disease 2019,has increased,showing promising results that require evaluation through research studies that include a longer follow-up time.Therefore,the main objective of this Letter is to provide an update on the use of stem cells in the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,as well as identify the main challenges and limitations presented by this type of therapy.展开更多
SmCo/FeCo/SmCo trilayer was deposited with two different thickness configurations for soft phase (FeCo);50 nm/10 nm/50 nm and 50 nm/25 nm/50 nm were deposited on Si (111) substrate and Ta (50 nm) seed layer by RF magn...SmCo/FeCo/SmCo trilayer was deposited with two different thickness configurations for soft phase (FeCo);50 nm/10 nm/50 nm and 50 nm/25 nm/50 nm were deposited on Si (111) substrate and Ta (50 nm) seed layer by RF magnetron sputtering in a pressure, p, of 30 - 35 m Torr. After deposition the films were annealed under Ar atmosphere at temperature T equal to 923 and 973 for different times followed by quenching in water. X-ray diffraction patterns were obtained to identified phase presents and calculate average crystallite size. To study the effect of configuration thickness in soft phases, DC magnetic measurements were carried out;the measurements were done in the temperature interval of 300 - 50 K. Hysteresis loops collected at low temperatures exposed an increment in coercivity with the decrease of T and at same time, presented a “knee” in the second quadrant of the demagnetization curve, which suggests that the inter-layer exchange coupling becomes less effective, being more evident for sample with 50 nm/25 nm/50 nm thickness. Moreover, δM (H) plots were calculated from magnetic measurements at three different temperatures, T, equal to 300, 150 and 50 K, which corroborates that the dipolar interactions became stronger when thickness of soft phases increases. Finally, the thickness effect is attributed to the SmCo5 phase magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant, which is responsible for the exchange coupling length.展开更多
文摘The electronic and bibliographic sources, as well as some interviews and focus groups conducted in Ciudad Juarez, Chihuahua, all present interpretations by different actors on the so-called democratic transition in Mexico. The model, proposed Carothers （2002） to explain the transition from a dictatorship to democracy, as stage universally. This article shows which of the five assumptions of the model are present in the experience of the Mexican transition and those that were not consider applicable. He also argues that the model shows features of a teleological perspective, by omitting the particularities of each country, eliminating any reference to diversity and difference, becoming an ideological approach linked to the process of economic globalization. It criticizes the absence of discussion of social and economic objectives that should be priority in a conception of substantive democracy, rather than limiting the horizon of the transition to a liberal and normative conception, that assumes two basic formulas： （1） Democracy is equal to elections; and （2） a citizen is a vote. Contrasting documents on electoral disenchantment in Ciudad Juarez and the actions that various political actors have done, we can illustrate what can be termed substantive citizenship.
文摘Recent advances in neuroscience have illuminated the central role of glutamate dysregulation in various neurological disorders.The glutamatergic system has emerged as a central player in the pathophysiology of various neurological disorders.The dysregulation of glutamate signaling,leading to excitotoxicity and neuronal cell death,has been a focal point in understanding the underlying mechanisms of these conditions.This has prompted a paradigm shift in neuroprotection research,with a growing emphasis on targeting ionotropic glutamate receptors(iGluRs)to restore glutamatergic homeostasis.This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advancements in the field of iGluR-targeted neuroprotection.We further investigate the implications of glutamate dysregulation in the central nervous system(CNS)disorders,highlighting the complex interplay between excitotoxicity and neuroprotection.We elucidate the multifaceted factors that render neurons vulnerable to excitotoxic damage,emphasizing the need for innovative therapeutic approaches.This review provides an extensive survey of the burgeoning field of iGluR-targeted neuroprotection.It showcases the significant potential of a wide array of compounds,encompassing both natural and synthetic agents,to modulate iGluRs and ameliorate excitotoxicity and oxidative stress-induced neuronal damage.These compounds have demonstrated impressive neuroprotective effects in diverse experimental models,from glutamate-induced toxicity to traumatic brain injuries.We advocate for further research and clinical investigations to harness the full therapeutic potential of iGluR modulation,heralding a promising era in neuroprotection and CNs disorder management.
文摘Oral squamous cell carcinoma is a neoplasm that originates from the epithelial mucosa.It is usually more frequent between the fifth and sixth decades of life,and more than 90% of carcinomas of the oral cavity are squamous cell carcinoma.It is an invasive neoplasia with a significant recurrence rate;40% of patients present with metastases in the cervical lymph nodes at the time of diagnosis.The tumor invasion front is a characteristic of tumor growth,which can be infiltrative or noninvasive.The histopathological parameters examined include the number of mitoses,depth of the tumor,invasion pattern,degree of keratinization,and nuclear pleomorphism.For the pathologist,these parameters are routinely evaluated but are not reported to the treating physician in all cases,which we consider to be useful information when determining the therapeutic route.
文摘The application of stem cells is among the many strategies currently available for the treatment of multiple diseases.Stem cells are characterized as undifferentiated cells that have the ability to differentiate towards multiple lineages and selfrenewal,among other attributes.Since the first umbilical cord stem cell transplant for the treatment of Fanconi anemia,the use of stem cells for the treatment of multiple diseases,including coronavirus disease 2019,has increased,showing promising results that require evaluation through research studies that include a longer follow-up time.Therefore,the main objective of this Letter is to provide an update on the use of stem cells in the treatment of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2,as well as identify the main challenges and limitations presented by this type of therapy.
文摘SmCo/FeCo/SmCo trilayer was deposited with two different thickness configurations for soft phase (FeCo);50 nm/10 nm/50 nm and 50 nm/25 nm/50 nm were deposited on Si (111) substrate and Ta (50 nm) seed layer by RF magnetron sputtering in a pressure, p, of 30 - 35 m Torr. After deposition the films were annealed under Ar atmosphere at temperature T equal to 923 and 973 for different times followed by quenching in water. X-ray diffraction patterns were obtained to identified phase presents and calculate average crystallite size. To study the effect of configuration thickness in soft phases, DC magnetic measurements were carried out;the measurements were done in the temperature interval of 300 - 50 K. Hysteresis loops collected at low temperatures exposed an increment in coercivity with the decrease of T and at same time, presented a “knee” in the second quadrant of the demagnetization curve, which suggests that the inter-layer exchange coupling becomes less effective, being more evident for sample with 50 nm/25 nm/50 nm thickness. Moreover, δM (H) plots were calculated from magnetic measurements at three different temperatures, T, equal to 300, 150 and 50 K, which corroborates that the dipolar interactions became stronger when thickness of soft phases increases. Finally, the thickness effect is attributed to the SmCo5 phase magnetocrystalline anisotropy constant, which is responsible for the exchange coupling length.
