Photochemical Efficiency during the Establishment and Consolidation Phases of in Vitro Pinus radiata Micrograft Made from Scions of Different Ontogenetic Age

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the applicability of maximal photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) as an early estimate of P. radiata micrografts viability coming from different position (basal vs. apical) in the ortets. We hypothesize that Fv/Fm variation is a good indicator of micrograft’s viability and phenological stage during micrograft development. The micrografts were established in QL medium supplemented whit 0.1 mg·L-1 IBA and 1 mg·L-1 BAP and cultured at 25°C ± 2°C and 80 μmol photons m-2s-1 of photosynthetic active radiation by 16 h per day. During the establishment and consolidation phase, we found significant differences in Fv/Fm with respect to time and buds positions provenience. During establishment, basal shoot tips have lower Fv/Fm than apical shoot tips, which agrees with the lowest viability (35%). However, during the consolidation phase, the trend changed and basal shoot tips presented higher Fv/Fm than apical shoot tips and showed an increase in ETR and NPQ, with respect to apical shoots and ortet. Although the measurement of fluorescence parameters implies the insertion of the fluorometer sonde in vitro, this implies aseptic considerations, but always conveies a contamination risk. We conclude that fluorescence (Fv/Fm, ETR, NPQ) can be indicators of the micrograft’s development according to the shoot tips position in the ortet and can be useful early-indicators of the scions’ physiological condition during micrograft transition from establishment to consolidation.

Golden Ratio Sinusoidal Sequences and the Multimode Pulsation of the δ Sct Star V784 Cassiopeiae

Non periodic ordered sequences obtained by production rules in formal grammars are applied to the analysis of the multi-periodicity of the δ-Scuti type variable star V784 Cas. An artificial light curve for V784 Cas is generated by a non deterministic derivation in a context-sensitive grammar by concatenation of two sinusoidal fragments following certain word sequences. The two basic building blocks represent temporal segments in a golden ratio and the number of long and short segments in a word are also in a golden ratio.

Acceptance of living liver donation among medical students: A multicenter stratified study from Spain

AIM: To analyze the attitude of Spanish medical students toward living liver donation(LLD) and to establish which factors have an influence on this attitude.METHODS: Study type: A sociological, interdisciplinary, multicenter and observational study. Study population: Medical students enrolled in Spain(n = 34000) in the university academic year 2010-2011. Sample size: A sample of 9598 students stratified by geographical area and academic year. Instrument used to measure attitude: A validated questionnaire(PCID-DVH RIOS) was self-administered and completed anonymously. Data collection procedure: Randomly selected medical schools. The questionnaire was applied to each academic year at compulsory sessions. Statistical analysis: Student′s t test, χ2 test and logistic regression analysis.RESULTS: The completion rate was 95.7%(n = 9275). 89%(n = 8258) were in favor of related LLD, and 32%(n = 2937) supported unrelated LLD. The following variables were associated with having a more favorable attitude:(1) age(P = 0.008);(2) sex(P < 0.001);(3) academic year(P < 0.001);(4) geographical area(P = 0.013);(5) believing in the possibility of needing a transplant oneself in the future(P < 0.001);(6) attitude toward deceased donation(P < 0.001);(7) attitude toward living kidney donation(P < 0.001);(8) acceptance of a donated liver segment from a family member if one were needed(P < 0.001);(9) having discussed the subject with one's family(P < 0.001) and friends(P < 0.001);(10) a partner's opinion about the subject(P < 0.001);(11) carrying out activities of an altruistic nature; and(12) fear of the possible mutilation of the body after donation(P < 0.001).CONCLUSION: Spanish medical students have a favorable attitude toward LLD.

Exercise sustains the hallmarks of health

Exercise has long been known for its active role in improving physical fitness and sustaining health.Regular moderate-intensity exercise improves all aspects of human health and is widely accepted as a preventative and therapeutic strategy for various diseases.It is well-documented that exercise maintains and restores homeostasis at the organismal,tissue,cellular,and molecular levels to stimulate positive physiological adaptations that consequently protect against various pathological conditions.Here we mainly summarize how moderate-intensity exercise affects the major hallmarks of health,including the integrity of barriers,containment of local perturbations,recycling and turnover,integration of circuitries,rhythmic oscillations,homeostatic resilience,hormetic regulation,as well as repair and regeneration.Furthermore,we summarize the current understanding of the mechanisms responsible for beneficial adaptations in response to exercise.This review aimed at providing a comprehensive summary of the vital biological mechanisms through which moderate-intensity exercise maintains health and opens a window for its application in other health interventions.We hope that continuing investigation in this field will further increase our understanding of the processes involved in the positive role of moderate-intensity exercise and thus get us closer to the identification of new therapeutics that improve quality of life.

Reassessment of Prejanopterus curvirostris, a Basal Pterodactyloid Pterosaur from the Early Cretaceous of Spain

Prejanopterus curvirostra, from the Early Cretaceous of La Rioja province, was the first pterosaur genus and species described from Spain. The material comprises disarticulated cranial and postcranial remains from several individuals. The fossil-bearing bed is assigned to the lacustrine Leza Formation （eastern Cameros Basin, NW margin of the Iberian Range）. This unit is regarded as either Berriasian-Valanginian or Barremian-Aptian. Prejanopterus curvirostris （specific name emended） was originally diagnosed on the basis of several characters of which the most significant was a lateral curvature of the rostrum. Re-examination of the holotype （rostrum） and paratype （partial rostrum with teeth） indicates that there is no genuine sideways bend of the preserved premaxilla-maxilla segments, but a slight dorsal curvature. Prejanopterus is characterized by a unique combination of characters： an emended diagnosis is provided. In contrast with previous estimates, the wing span of Prejanopterus was probably not much （if ever） in excess of 2 m. A phylogenetic analysis suggests that Prejanopterus is a basal pterodactyloid positioned between Pterodactylus and Cycnorhamphus- Gallodactylus. Prejanopterus represents the first evidence of Pterodactylidae in the Early Cretaceous of the Iberian Peninsula.

《显生宙中国腕足动物属志》书评

由戎嘉余主编,金玉玕(已于2006年6月逝世)、沈树忠和詹仁斌任副主编的两卷本《显生宙中国腕足动物属志》已于2017年岁末出版。该志书由24位作者通力协作共同完成,其中有11位来自中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所(NIGPAS),另外13位来自11所海内外高等院校及研究机构。这些作者都有着长期的研究经历以及广博的知识储备,在长达16年严谨繁复的撰写和编改后,最终完成本书。该志书共包含了11个章节以及2目索引.

Mid-term results of patterned laser trabeculoplasty for uncontrolled ocular hypertension and primary open angle glaucoma

AIM:To describe the safety and efficacy of patterned laser trabeculoplasty(PLT)as an adjunctive treatment in primary open angle glaucoma(POAG)and ocular hypertension(OHT)after 18-month follow-up in Hispanic population.METHODS:A single-center,retrospective study was conducted.All patients with OHT or POAG undergoing PLT from June 2016 to August 2016 were included in the study.Investigated parameters were intraocular pressure(IOP),the number of IOP-lowering medications,best corrected visual acuity(BCVA),laser parameters and postoperative adverse events.Primary efficacy outcome measures were the proportion of eyes achieving an IOP reduction≥20%at 18 mo versus baseline medicated IOP or a reduction in the number of medications while maintaining IOP values.RESULTS:From 40 PLT-treated eyes(mean baseline IOP 20.3±1.7 mm Hg),24 patients were analyzed(age 63.4±7.3 y).The mean IOP reductions from baseline across visits(months 1,3,6,9,12,and 18)ranged from 14.1%to 20.8%.Success rate after 18-month follow-up was 61.7%with a mean IOP of 16±3.2 mm Hg(P<0.001).The number of glaucoma IOP-lowering medications per eye(preoperative 2.1±1.1 and postoperative 2.3±1.1,P=0.86)and the mean BCVA(preoperative 0.10±0.22 and postoperative 0.11±0.22 logMAR,P=0.42)remained stable.Adverse events comprised transitory IOP spikes in 4 eyes(10%)and peripheral anterior synechiae in 7 eyes(17.5%).CONCLUSION:Mid-term results of PLT show that this procedure may be an efficacious and safe technique to approach medically uncontrolled OHT or POAG patients.

Interlayer Coupling in Co/Ti/（Gd-Co）/Ti Artificial Layered Ferrimagnet

The magnetic properties and the structure of [Co/Ti/Gd0.36 Co0.64/Ti]4/Co multilayers are investigated by means of torque magnetometer, vibrating sample magnetometer and transverse magneto-optic Kerr effect （TMOKE） measurements and the atomic force microscopy. Due to interlayer exchange interaction, Co and Gd-Co layers form a macroscopic ferrimagnetic system. The change in the sign of the TMOKE hysteresis loops near the compensation temperature and field induced magnetic phase transitions are found. The latter can be characterized by a critical field which shows a linear variation with the temperature. The magnetic properties of these multilayers from many points of view are similar to those of bulk ferrimagnets.

Comparative Study on the Treatment of Leachate from a Mine Waste Dump with Two Agricultural Biowastes

Mining waste dumps are present all over the world. One of the main problems of these solid deposits is the migration of heavy metals present in them due to the aqueous solutions flowing through them. The comparison of the removal of heavy metals from an aqueous solution of a real mining waste leachate under different conditions by two different agricultural wastes has been investigated. The effect of pH, contact time and dosage was studied using coffee grounds (CG) and walnut shells (WS), without pretreatment. The results obtained in the study showed the potential use of CG and WS for the removal of heavy metals, although the coffee grounds are the best adsorbents than the walnut shell.

Retailers,You Can Get Omni-Shopper’s Satisfaction!

This paper evaluates the influence that information processing routes have on omni-shopping behavior,as well as analyzing the consequences of this behavior for retailers through a cognitive-affective approach.A sample of 705 mobile phone users was used for this purpose.The results obtained using the binomial logit model in a first phase and later with an application of structural equations,reflect that omni-shoppers have a more planned purchasing behavior than those who develop a one-stop shopping behavior.They search for information in a rational and deep way,spending time and effort.As for the consequences that the omni-channel behavior has for retailers,it has been found that those omni-shoppers who experience negative emotions with the retailer,have a low perceived value of the company and their satisfaction will also be negative.

Fibonacci Sequences and the Multiperiodicity of the Variable Star UW Herculis

We present an application of the methods recently developed for the study of quasicrystal structures to the analysis of multiperiodicity of semiregular variables. A light curve analysis of UW Her shows frequencies that can be included within the general scheme characterizing the Fourier spectra of Fibonacci quasiperiodic sequences. The analysed data come from the BAA Variable Star Section computerised archive.

Fountain-Gould Left Orders for Associative Pairs

In this paper, we introduce a notion of weak Fountain-Gould left order for associative pairs and give a Goldie-like theory of associative pairs which are weak Fountain Gould left orders in semiprime pairs coinciding with their socles.

Boron nitride nanoresonators for phonon-enhanced molecular vibrational spectroscopy at the strong coupling limit

Enhanced light-matter interactions are the basis of surface-enhanced infrared absorption(SEIRA)spectroscopy,and conventionally rely on plasmonic materials and their capability to focus light to nanoscale spot sizes.Phonon polariton nanoresonators made of polar crystals could represent an interesting alternative,since they exhibit large quality factors,which go far beyond those of their plasmonic counterparts.The recent emergence of van der Waals crystals enables the fabrication of highquality nanophotonic resonators based on phonon polaritons,as reported for the prototypical infrared-phononic material hexagonal boron nitride(h-BN).In this work we use,for the first time,phonon-polariton-resonant h-BN ribbons for SEIRA spectroscopy of small amounts of organic molecules in Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.Strikingly,the interaction between phonon polaritons and molecular vibrations reaches experimentally the onset of the strong coupling regime,while numerical simulations predict that vibrational strong coupling can be fully achieved.Phonon polariton nanoresonators thus could become a viable platform for sensing,local control of chemical reactivity and infrared quantum cavity optics experiments.

明显增强的镧掺杂锶铁氧体的磁光克尔效应

采用陶瓷法制备了稀土La^(3+)掺杂的锶铁氧体Sr_(1-x)La_xFe_(12)O_(19)(x=0,0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)。系统地研究了La^(3+)取代对材料结构、磁性能的影响,特别是对磁光克尔效应的影响。实验结果表明,La^(3+)取代Sr^(2+)能显著增强锶铁氧体的磁光克尔效应,当x=0.20时,与SrFe_(12)O_(19)相比,磁光克尔效应增加到了1%。

钴掺杂锶铁氧体的磁光克尔效应研究

采用陶瓷法制备了钴掺杂的六角锶铁氧体SrFe12-xCoxO19(x=0,0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20),重点研究了钴掺杂对材料磁光克尔效应的影响。结果表明,对纯相六角锶铁氧体,未掺杂的样品呈现出高矫顽力,比饱和磁化强度随着取代量的增加而减小。研究发现,掺钴量x=0.20的六角锶铁氧体样品呈现较为明显的磁光克尔效应。

The molecular interaction of ADAMTS-1 and fibulin-1 and its potential contribution to breast cancer biology

Aim: Fibulins and ADAMTSs are two families of extracellular matrix proteins implicated in key functional and pathological processes. The fact that the fibulin-1 and ADAMTS-1 proteins interact raises new questions about the roles of these extracellular matrix proteins in modulating tumor progression. Herein, we described the functional implications of the interaction between fibulin-1 and ADAMTS-1 on the behavior of breast cancer cell lines. Methods: Fibulin-1 and ADAMTS-1 were exogenously expressed in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines to assay the effect of their interaction in cellular properties. Results: ADAMTS-1 expression exacerbates tumor effects in terms of proliferation, invasion and mammosphere formation. In contrast, the simultaneous expression of ADAMTS-1 and fibulin-1 impairs these effects. The analysis of the expression of both proteins in human breast cancer tissue arrays provides new insights into the complex roles of fibulin-1 and ADAMTS-1 in this type of tumor. ;Conclusion: Our results suggests that the interaction between ADAMTS-1 and fibulin-1 induces a pronounced anti-tumoral effect.

Solid-state synthesis of LnOCl/Ln_2O_3(Ln=Eu, Nd) by using chitosan and PS-co-P4VP as polymeric supports

A series of lanthanide materials of type LnOCl or Ln2O3(Ln = Eu, Nd) were successfully prepared via a convenient and straightforward two-step procedure. Firstly, and by using chitosan and PS-co-P4 VP as polymeric supports, macromolecular complexes of type chitosan ·LnCl3and PS-co-P4 VP·LnCl3 were prepared. These macro molecular complexes were treated in solid state at 800 ℃ under air, leading to the corresponding LnOCl or Ln2O3materials(Ln = Eu, Nd) with moderate to good yields. The nature of the asprepared lanthanide materials(LnOCl and/or Ln2O3) is strongly influenced by the polymeric template(i.e.,chitosan or PS-co-P4 VP), the lanthanide salt precursor, and the polymer/lanthanide molar ratio. Thus, when chitosan · EuCl3and PS-co-P4 VP·EuCl3are used as macromolecular precursors, a mixture of crystalline phases of both EuOCl and Eu2O3are obtained. However, when chitosan· NdCl3and PS-co-P4 VP· NdCl3are used, a sole pure crystalline phase of NdOCl is obtained. The nano structured lanthanide materials were characterized by means of XRD(X-ray diffraction of powder), SEM, EDS, TEM, and HRTEM. The luminescent spectra of the asprepared EuOCI/Eu2O3mixture materials show an emission pattern whose intensity is strongly influenced by the nature of the polymeric precursor, as well as on the metal/polymer molar ratios.

Nat Genet:科学家设计新方法找到抑制癌症发育的新基因

英国桑格研究院的研究人员和他们的合作者们最近发现了帮助阻止前列腺癌、皮肤癌和乳腺癌发育的新基因。这些基因能够与众所周知的肿瘤抑制基因PTEN配合发挥作用，该研究还发现这些基因与人类前列腺肿瘤存在相关性。相关研究结果发表在国际学术期刊Nature Genetics上。该研究揭示了一些参与癌症发育的新途径，这些基因有望成为治疗PTEN突变癌症的新药物靶点。这项研究开发的一些方法也可以用于发现其他协同抑制癌症生长的基因。

Magnetocaloric effect in ErNi2 melt-spun ribbons

ErNi2 ribbons were produced by rapid solidification using the melt spinning technique.Their structural,magnetic and magnetocaloric properties in the as-solidified state were studied by X-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscopy,magnetization and specific heat measurements.Samples are single phase with the MgCu2-type crystal structure,a Curie temperature TC of 6.8 K and a saturation magnetization at2 K and 5 T of 124.0 A·m2/kg.For a magnetic field change μ0△H of 5 T(2 T) ribbons show a maximum magnetic entropy change |△SMpeak| of 24.1(16.9) J/(kg·K),and an adiabatic temperature change △Tadmax of8.1(4.4) K;this is similar to the previously reported literature for bulk alloys that were processed through conventional melting techniques followed by prolonged thermal annealing.In addition,the samples also show slightly wider △SM(T) curves with respect to bulk alloys leading to a larger refrigerant capacity.

On a Variant of Giuga Numbers

In this paper, we characterize the odd positive integers n satisfying the congruence ∑j=1^n-1 j n-1/2 We show that the set of such positive integers has an asymptotic densitywhich turns out to be slightly larger than 3/8.