Ruptured hydatid cyst in a patient with shock

Echinococcosis is a severe helminthic zoonosis largely caused by Echinococcus granulosus and frequently encountered in endemic areas.The liver and lung are the most frequently involved organs.Cyst rupture into the peritoneal cavity represents a rare but serious complication.Herein,we describe an acute occurrence of anaphylactic shock due to a spontaneous rupture of hydatid cyst in a 21-year-old Turkish patient unwittingly infected by Echinococcosis.Resection surgery of the perforated cyst in combination with cleaning of the abdominal cavity was performed.The patient rapidly improved and no relapse occurred during a follow-up of 8 months.Anaphylaxis is a serious complication of hydatid cyst rupture and needs to be promptly diagnosed.The main objective of our report is to underscore this life-threatening complication that should be considered when anaphylactic shock of unknown origin occurs,even in non-endemic regions.Moreover,we emphasize the need for a radical surgical approach to avoid widespread dissemination.

Sociodemographic profile and social support for post-stroke depression in Kinshasa: A rehabilitation based cross-sectional study

The World Health Organization has highlighted the emergence of non-communicable chronic diseases, including stroke, in developing countries. As a cause of death, stroke ranks first in Africa. Stroke is the foremost cause of neuropsychiatric disease, including post-stroke depression (PSD) which is a very common disease. Surveys of this condition in Congolese pa tients are virtually non-existent. The objectives of this study were to assess the prevalence of PSD in Congolese patients and identify associated sociodemographic factors. Age, sex, address, province of origin, social and professional status, education, religion and consumption habits were chosen as indicators or parameters of interest to be examined in this study. The results of descriptive analyses are presented as frequencies for categorical variables and as mean ± standard deviation for quantitative variables. The association between different variables was assessed using tables of comparisons of proportions and the Chi-square test. Logistic regression was performed to predict the occurrence of PSD. There were more male than female patients. The mean age was 54.67 ± 12.51 years. Nearly 3 fourths of the patients were aged less than 65. The family was the primary source of social support. The majority was satisfied by the social support received from the family. Just over half the study patients (53.6%) had mild to severe depression as assessed by the PHQ9. Univariate analysis and logistic regression indicated a statistically significant association between low educational level and the occurrence of PSD. However, there was no relationship between age, sex or drinking habits and the onset of PSD. The majority of the subjects were satisfied by the social support from their families. Depression was common after stroke with the occurrence of 53.6%. These results highlight the need to investigate, diagnose and treat PSD, which is a risk factor for morbidity and mortality after stroke.

Water Memory Due to Chains of Nano-Pearls

Biologically active molecules create substitutes in liquid water by forming single-domain ferroelectric crystallites. These nanoparticles are spherical and constitute growing chains. The dipoles are aligned, but can be set in oscillation at the frequency of vibration of the charged part of active molecules. They are then automatically trimmed and become information carriers. Moreover, they produce an oscillating electric field, causing autocatalytic multiplication of identical chains in the course of successive dilutions. Active molecules are thus only required to initiate this process. Normally, they excite their specific receptors by resonance, but trimmed chains have the same effect. This theory is confirmed by many measurements.

Combining motor learning and brain stimulation to enhance post-stroke neurorehabilitation

Worldwide,stroke is a leading cause of life-long disability resulting in dramatic restrictions in patient’s independence and in a growing economic burden for the community.The majority of stroke survivors suffers from chronic sequels among which hemiparesis is one of the most debilitating.Despite quick progresses over the last 20 years,the impact of neurorehabilitation on post-stroke recovery remains unsatisfactory.

Category Theoretic Properties of the A. Rényi and C. Tsallis Entropies

The problem of embedding the Tsallis, Rényi and generalized Rényi entropies in the framework of category theory and their axiomatic foundation is studied. To this end, we construct a special category MES related to measured spaces. We prove that both of the Rényi and Tsallis entropies can be imbedded in the formalism of category theory by proving that the same basic partition functional that appears in their definitions, as well as in the associated Lebesgue space norms, has good algebraic compatibility properties. We prove that this functional is both additive and multiplicative with respect to the direct product and the disjoint sum (the coproduct) in the category MES, so it is a natural candidate for the measure of information or uncertainty. We prove that the category MES can be extended to monoidal category, both with respect to the direct product as well as to the coproduct. The basic axioms of the original Rényi entropy theory are generalized and reformulated in the framework of category MES and we prove that these axioms foresee the existence of an universal exponent having the same values for all the objects of the category MES. In addition, this universal exponent is the parameter, which appears in the definition of the Tsallis and Rényi entropies. It is proved that in a similar manner, the partition functional that appears in the definition of the Generalized Rényi entropy is a multiplicative functional with respect to direct product and additive with respect to the disjoint sum, but its symmetry group is reduced compared to the case of classical Rényi entropy.

Determination of the Dynamic ITER Energy Confinement Time Scalings

We derive the differential equation, which is satisfied by the ITER scalings for the dynamic energy confinement time. We show that this differential equation can also be obtained from the differential equation for the energy confinement time, derived from the energy balance equation, when the plasma is near the steady state. We find that the values of the scaling parameters are linked to the second derivative of the power loss, estimated at the steady state. As an example of an application, the solution of the differential equation for the energy confinement time is compared with the profile obtained by solving numerically the balance equations (closed by a transport model) for a concrete Tokamak-plasma.