Data is becoming increasingly personal.Individuals regularly interact with a variety of structured data,ranging from SQLite databases on the phone to personal sensors and open government data.The“digital traces left ...Data is becoming increasingly personal.Individuals regularly interact with a variety of structured data,ranging from SQLite databases on the phone to personal sensors and open government data.The“digital traces left by individuals through these interactions”are sometimes referred to as“small data”.Examples of“small data”include driving records,biometric measurements,search histories,weather forecasts and usage alerts.In this paper,we present a flexible protocol called LoRaCTP,which is based on LoRa technology that allows data“chunks”to be transferred over large distances with very low energy expenditure.LoRaCTP provides all the mechanisms necessary to make LoRa transfer reliable by introducing a lightweight connection setup and allowing the ideal sending of an as-long-as necessary data message.We designed this protocol as communication support for small-data edge-based IoT solutions,given its stability,low power usage,and the possibility to cover long distances.We evaluated our protocol using various data content sizes and communication distances to demonstrate its performance and reliability.展开更多
In this article the instabilities appearing in a liquid layer are studied numerically by means of the linear stability method.The fluid is confined in an annular pool and is heated from below with a linear decreasing ...In this article the instabilities appearing in a liquid layer are studied numerically by means of the linear stability method.The fluid is confined in an annular pool and is heated from below with a linear decreasing temperature profile from the inner to the outer wall.The top surface is open to the atmosphere and both lateral walls are adiabatic.Using the Rayleigh number as the only control parameter,many kind of bifurcations appear at moderately low Prandtl numbers and depending on the Biot number.Several regions on the Prandtl-Biot plane are identified,their boundaries being formed from competing solutions at codimension-two bifurcation points.展开更多
基金supported by the“Conselleria de Innovación,Universidades,Ciencia y Sociedad Digital”,Proyectos AICO/2020Spain,under Grant AICO/2020/302 and“Ministerio de Ciencia,Innovación y Universidades,Programa Estatal de Investigación,Desarrollo e Innovación Orientada a los Retos de la Sociedad,Proyectos I+D+I 2018”Spain,under Grant RTI2018-096384-B-I00.
文摘Data is becoming increasingly personal.Individuals regularly interact with a variety of structured data,ranging from SQLite databases on the phone to personal sensors and open government data.The“digital traces left by individuals through these interactions”are sometimes referred to as“small data”.Examples of“small data”include driving records,biometric measurements,search histories,weather forecasts and usage alerts.In this paper,we present a flexible protocol called LoRaCTP,which is based on LoRa technology that allows data“chunks”to be transferred over large distances with very low energy expenditure.LoRaCTP provides all the mechanisms necessary to make LoRa transfer reliable by introducing a lightweight connection setup and allowing the ideal sending of an as-long-as necessary data message.We designed this protocol as communication support for small-data edge-based IoT solutions,given its stability,low power usage,and the possibility to cover long distances.We evaluated our protocol using various data content sizes and communication distances to demonstrate its performance and reliability.
文摘In this article the instabilities appearing in a liquid layer are studied numerically by means of the linear stability method.The fluid is confined in an annular pool and is heated from below with a linear decreasing temperature profile from the inner to the outer wall.The top surface is open to the atmosphere and both lateral walls are adiabatic.Using the Rayleigh number as the only control parameter,many kind of bifurcations appear at moderately low Prandtl numbers and depending on the Biot number.Several regions on the Prandtl-Biot plane are identified,their boundaries being formed from competing solutions at codimension-two bifurcation points.
