Mapping lineaments using Landsat 8 OLI and SRTM data;a case study of the eastern part of the Ouarzazate Basin,Morocco

The integration of remote sensing and geographic information system(GIS)was employed in this study to delineate the structural lineaments within the eastern section of the Ouarzazate Basin,situated between the southern front of the Central High Atlas and the northern slopes of the Eastern Anti-Atlas(also known as the Saghro Massif).To achieve this objective,Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager(OLI)and Shuttle Radar Topography Mission(SRTM)data were used.Principal Component Analysis(PCA)was computed and a directional filter was applied to the first PCA and the panchromatic band(B8).Additionally,shading was applied to the SRTM data in four directions;N0°,N45°,N90°,N135°.After removing of the non-geological linear structures,the results obtained,using the automatic extraction method,allowed us to produce a synthetic map that included 1251 lineaments with an average length of 1331 m and was dominated by NE-SW,ENE-WSW and E-W directions,respectively.However,the high lineament density is clearly noted in the Anti-Atlas(Saghro Massif)and at the level of the northern part,extending from the Ait Ibrirne to Arg-Ali Oubourk villages.High lineament density can always be found around the major faults affecting this area.The data collected during the field investigations and from geological maps show that the major direction of the faults and structural accidents range mostly between N45°,N70°and N75°.The correlation of remote sensing results with those collected in the field shows a similarity and coincidence with each other.From these results,it is possible to consider the automatic extraction method as a supplementary kind that can serve classical geology by quickly enriching it with additional data.As shown in this work,this method provides more information when applied in arid areas where the fields are well outcropped.

Ectopic Cornual Pregnancy: Case Report

This article showcases a clinical case of ectopic pregnancy lodged in the cornual. A pregnancy implanted in this location is a rarity, making it difficult to diagnose. By describing this case and screening of the literature, we explain the various diagnostic and therapeutic methods, both medical and surgical. Highlighting the importance of conservative treatment flush with the uterine horn, and conclude with some practical recommendations.

Removal of Dyes in Aqueous Media with Hydrochar Base of Solid Tanneries Waste: Optimization Process and Application

The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to optimise the conditions of preparation of activated hydrochar from tannery solid waste by hydrothermal carbonisation (HTC). The main factors such as residence time, moisture content and final carbonisation temperature were investigated during the optimisation of hydrochar preparation conditions. The three responses investigated are hydrochar yield, iodine and methylene blue indices. The results of experimental analyses showed that the yield of hydrochar decreases with increasing final temperature, leading to the formation of micropores inside the carbonaceous solid. The optimum conditions for preparing the following hydrochar were obtained: 83.10%, 390.44 mg∙g−1 and 259.63 mg∙g−1 respectively for the hydrochar yield, the iodine and methylene blue indices. The specific surface area of prepared hydrochar is 849.160 m2/g, SEM micrographs showed a porous heterogeneous surface and particularly, the hydrochar surface also revealed external pores on the hydrochar surface which acted as a pathway to the micropores. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), however, showed a predominance of acid functions on the surface of the carbonaceous solids. Tests were carried out to eliminate indigo carmine in aqueous media. Activated hydrochar showed a high level of activity, with the Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms giving an adsorption quantity of 354.610 mol/g and a KF constant of 468.2489, respectively. The findings of the research revealed that hydrochar produced is well adapted for dyes removal.

Effect of Recycling Cycles on the Mechanical and Damping Properties of Short Alfa Fibre Reinforced Polypropylene Composite

This paper aims at studying the effect of recycling on the static and dynamic properties of short alfa fibre reinforced polypropylene.For this purpose,alfa fibres reinforced composites were elaborated by an injection moulding process and were subjected to different mechanical recycling cycles.Then,non-recycled and recycled materials were subjected to static tests and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis(DMA)to evaluate the effect of recycling on their behaviour.Besides,the effects of alkali and salt water treatments on the static and dynamic properties of the alfa composite were also investigated.The obtained results show that tensile and flexural properties of alfa fibres reinforced composites decrease during recycling cycles.Moreover,the recycling induces a drop in the storage modulus and enhances the loss factor of these composites.The composites with alfa fibre especially the alkali treated composite show the same resistance to recycling as composites with hemp fibres.Further,SEM observations indicate a decrease in the fibres dimension with the recycling cycles,especially for alfa fibres,which can explain the decrease in the properties of the alfa composite during recycling operations.

Natural Risk Management of the Catchment Area of the R' Dat River:Approaches by Sig

In the High Atlas soil erosion constitutes a serious problem which leads to destruction of agricultural land and to the supply of important solid load to streams.This process contributes to harmful floods and to significant silting of dams.The management of the basins slopes is a priority in order to reduce damage related to erosion.In the studied area,a significant part of the geological formations are

^238U and^232Th concentrations measured in different medical drugs by using solid-state nuclear track detectors and resulting radiation doses to the skin of patients

Urban populations in Morocco receive free medical drugs as prescribed by doctors in district health centres.To explore the exposure pathway of ^(238)U and^(232)Th and their decay products on the skin of patients,these radionuclides were measured in various medical drugs by using solid-state nuclear track detectors(SSNTDs).The measured concentrations range of ^(238)U and ^(232)Th in the medical drug samples of interest vary from(4.3±0.3) to(11.1±0.7) mBq 1^(-1) and(0.49±0.03) to(1.3±0.1)mBq 1^(-1),respectively.A new dosimetric model,based on the concept of specific alpha-dose and alpha-particle residual energy,was developed for evaluating radiation doses to skin following the application of different medical drugs by patients.The maximum total equivalent effective dose to skin due to the ^(238)U and ^(232)Th series from cutaneous application of different medical drugs by patients was found to be 2.8 mSv year^(-1) cm^(-2).

Spray and Dynamic: Advanced Routing in Delay Tolerant Networks

This paper addresses the problem of routing in delay tolerant networks (DTNs). Delay tolerant networks are wireless networks where disconnections occur frequently due to mobility of nodes, failures of energy, the low density of nodes, or when the network extends over long distances. In these cases, traditional routing protocols that have been developed for mobile ad hoc networks prove to be ineffective to the extent of transmitting messages between nodes. To resolve this problem and improve the performance of routing in delay tolerant networks we propose a new routing protocol called Spray and Dynamic;this approach represents an improvement of the spray and wait protocol by combining it with the two protocols: MaxProp and the model of “transfer by delegation” (Custody Transfer). To implement our approach Spray and Dynamic, we have developed a DTN simulator according to DTN network architecture.

The Beni Bousera Peridotite(Rif Belt, Morocco): A Subsolidus Evolution Interpretation

The Beni Bousera ultramafic massif is a tectonically emplaced body of upper mantle material that is exposed over 72 km2at the base of the internal zones of the Alpine Rif belt of northern Morocco.The predominant lithology in

ASYMPTOTICS OF THE CROSS-VARIATION OF YOUNG INTEGRALS WITH RESPECT TO A GENERAL SELF-SIMILAR GAUSSIAN PROCESS

We show in this work that the limit in law of the cross-variation of processes having the form of Young integral with respect to a general self-similar centered Gaussian process of orderβ∈(1/2,3/4]is normal according to the values ofβ.We apply our results to two self-similar Gaussian processes:the subfractional Brownian motion and the bifractional Brownian motion.

Numerical Study of Heat Transfer and Contaminant Transport in an Unsaturated Porous Soil

Penetration of chemicals in the soil ground through irrigation water or rainfall induces important risks for the environment. These risks are badly known and may lead to direct contamination of the environment (atmosphere or ground water) or harmful effects on organisms living at ground level, indirectly affecting men. It is thus necessary to estimate these potential chemical risks on the environment. For that reason, the gradual change of these products (fertilizers, solutions, pollutants, ...) in the ground has been the subject of a lot of recent research works, based in particular on the study of non-saturated porous media in a theoretical, numerical or experimental way. Most of these works are incomplete and, in order to simplify the problem, they don’t take into accounts some process, which may be of prime importance under particular natural conditions. Complexity of such studies results from their multidisciplinary nature. In this communication, we study simultaneous transport of pollutant, the water that provides transport and the heat transfer in a 200 cm long cylindrical column full of sand taken as a non-saturated porous medium. We consider two kinds of conditions on the temperature at the column surface: the case of constant temperature and the case of sinusoidal temperature. We evaluate the influence of this temperature on the transfers. This study is purely numerical. We use the control volume method to determine hydrous, thermal and pollutant concentration profiles.

Uncommon post-infarction pseudoaneurysms:A case report

BACKGROUND Mechanical complications are a rare presentation in chronic coronary syndromes,which have significantly decreased in the primary coronary intervention era.Incomplete rupture may occur,resulting in pseudoaneurysms(PANs).Early reperfusion decreases the risk of this complication.Echocardiography is the method of choice for diagnosis.CASE SUMMARY A 54-year-old female hypertensive patient,with a history of non-revascularized inferior and anterior ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(MI)4 years prior,was admitted to the cardiac unit of the hospital with complaints of abdominal pain and dyspnea lasting 2 mo.The patient was hemodynamically stable,and 12-lead electrocardiogram showed persistent ST elevation and Q wave in the inferior and apical regions.Transthoracic echocardiogram in the twochamber view showed a narrow neck of a wide PAN in the distal apical left ventricular inferior wall.In addition,the apical four-chamber and subcostal views revealed a second bulky PAN of the apical wall separated from the first by a common organizing thrombus.Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging confirmed the coexistence of more than one PAN.The patient received conservative medical treatment,and surgery was scheduled for outside the country.The patient had worsening multiple organ failure and died 4 wk after presentation.CONCLUSION Multifocal PANs rarely occur in chronic MI.Attention should be paid to patients with pain and cardiovascular risk factors.

Discrete Pseudo Almost Periodic Solutions for Some Difference Equations

In this work, we study the existence and uniqueness of pseudo almost periodic solutions for some difference equations. Firstly, we investigate the spectrum of the shift operator on the space of pseudo almost periodic sequences to show the main results of this work. For the illustration, some applications are provided for a second order differential equation with piecewise constant arguments.

Allelopathic Effects of Corrigiola Telephiifolia Root Extracts on Germination and Seedling Growth of Raphanus Sativus and Triticum Aestivum

The allelopathic potential of aqueous and organic solvent extacts from Corrigiola telephiifolia Pour which is an aromatic and medicinal plant in mediterranean regions, was investigated under laboratory conditions on two plant species： Raphanus sativus and Triticum aestivum. The aqueous extract of Corrigiola telephiifolia roots had an important inhibitory effect on the seed germination of the two tested plant species. The dichloromethane and the methanol extracts significantly reduced the growth of radish roots up to 84.44% and 68.85% respectively. The butanol, the dichloromethane and the ethyl acetate extracts had a high inhibitory effect on seed germination and roots growth of wheat. The presence of saponins in butanol extracts and tanins in dichlorometane and ethyl acetate extracts may be responsible of these allelopathic activities. These results suggest that Corrigiola telephiifolia Pour have allelopathic effects and contains potent allelochemicals which should be used for weeds management.

Effects of Lizardite Addition on Technological Properties of Forsterite- monticellite Rich Ceramics Prepared from Natural Magnesite and Dolomite

Lizardite rich peridotite has never been used to prepare ceramic specimens,especially in Morocco.For this raison,potential use of naturally abundant lizarditic material from the Rif domain,as a supply for ceramic industry,has been evaluated.The effects of lizardite addition to magnesite and dolomite mixtures on the thermomechanical properties of the calcined ceramics were also detailed.To achieve this target,natural lizardite,magnesite and dolomite samples were collected in ultrabasic Beni Bousra massif.Those raw samples were used for the synthesis of a forsterite-monticellite rich ceramics.Both raw and sintered samples were characterized by x-ray diffraction,scanning electron microscope and fourier transform infrared.The obtained results showed that both magnesite and dolomite were mainly composed of MgCO_(3) and CaCO_(3).In contrast,lizardite sample showed high amounts of SiO_(2),MgO and Fe2O_(3).An increased amount of lizardite in the initial mixtures enhanced mechanical and dimensional properties of the prepared ceramic specimens,and subsequently,the production of ceramics with the required technological properties.Thus,the preparation of Moroccan lizardite-based ceramics is technically feasible,economically justifiable and socially desirable due to the contribution to the economic growth of the raw materials sector,especially ceramic industry.

Optimizing Query Results Integration Process Using an Extended Fuzzy C-Means Algorithm

Cleaning duplicate data is a major problem that persists even though many works have been done to solve it, due to the exponential growth of data amount treated and the necessity to use scalable and speed algorithms. This problem depends on the type and quality of data, and differs according to the volume of data set manipulated. In this paper we are going to introduce a novel framework based on extended fuzzy C-means algorithm by using topic ontology. This work aims to improve the OLAP querying process over heterogeneous data warehouses that contain big data sets, by improving query results integration, eliminating redundancies by using the extended classification algorithm, and measuring the loss of information.

The Effectiveness of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Inoculation and Bio-Compost Addition for Enhancing Reforestation with <i>Argania spinosa</i>in Morocco

A field experiment was carried out in arid area to assess the influence of mycorrhizal inoculation with a native complex and bio-compost addition on establishment of Argania spinosa. The experimental area was located in the Admine forest at Agadir (Southwestern Morocco). The results showed a positive effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) on the growth of Argania spinosa seedlings in the nursery. Six months after planting, the mycorrhizal complex revealed an increase in the growth of Argan seedlings (51%) compared to non mycorrhizal plants. In the field conditions, after one year of transplantation, this benefit was maintained. Results showed that the height of Argan seedlings treated with AMF was double that of the control group. An additional positive effect of inoculation with AMF on plant biomass was observed and it was closely related to colonization by these microorganisms. There was an estimated 169% increase in biomass compared to control plants. The use of bio-compost alone or in combination with AMF improved the production of shoot biomass of Argan plants (84% and 108% respectively compared to control plants). In addition, AMF improved the survival rate and the contents of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) in the tissues of A. spinosa plants. A significant positive correlation between dry biomass and nutrient content in plant tissue was detected. The content of (P) in the leaves and roots of inoculated plants was higher than those in non-inoculated and planted seedlings in amended soils. This result reaffirms the prime necessity of mycorrhiza in arid conditions. Thus the introduction of mycorrhizal fungi in forest nurseries is a key tool to improve the quality of seedlings produced and their resistance in reforestation sites.

Cultural and Socio-economical Dimensions a- Human Reproduction and Sex Education in the Biology Textbooks of Eight Countries

This study was carried out within the European research project ＂Biology, Health and Environmental Education for Better Citizenship＂. It is a comparative analysis of textbooks from eight Mediterranean countries which differ by their cultures, their socio-economical levels, and their religions. This work is focused on the sensitive educational topic ＂Human Reproduction and Sex Education＂. And 43 biology textbooks are analyzed among eight countries： four are in Europe and four in Africa and Middle East. Grids were built to identify implicit values in the texts and images. It is a more precisely explicit or implicit presence of cultural, socio-economical, and ethical dimensions. The investigation concerns whether the authors of textbooks present differently this theme depending on the socio-cultural, ethical, and religious contexts. The content of the textbooks was analyzed as reflecting the conceptions of their authors and publishers. The outcomes of the analyses show that several textbooks present images of human beings restricted to only one ethnic type, usually white-skinned and with fair hair. The social, cultural, economical, and ethical dimensions were generally absent, except for some interest for them in few European textbooks.

Assessment of the Degree of Contamination by Metal Traces Element （Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb） in the Environment of an Open Landfill of a Large City Part One ： A Human Population

The disposal of urban or hospital waste in open landfills is the easiest way to throw back of them without environmental concerns. MTEs （Metal Trace Elements） are the most toxic mineral elemems. This study evaluates the impact of MTE on a neighboring human population or playing near a municipal dump. Two panels were composed of adult men and children （males under sixteen years old）. Four trace metal elements were analyzed： copper, lead, cadmium and zinc. The site of the study was the municipal waste dump in Marrakech （Morocco）. The results reveal abnormal concentrations of these MTEs in blood and hair of adults and children.

Parvovirus B19 and Pregnant Women: A Bibliographic Review

Primary infection with parvovirus B19 is an uncommon but serious and treatable cause of chronic anemia in immuno compromised hosts. Widely distributed, it is responsible for a wide range of clinical manifestations, the characteristics and outcome of which depend on the interaction between the viral properties and the physiological and immune status of the infected individuals. Infection during pregnancy can result in fetal anemia, abortion, and hydrops. Pregnancy does not appear to affect the course of the infection, but the infection may affect the pregnancy. The diagnosis of B19V can be made by serological and molecular investigation of the mother, fetus and newborn. In these conditions, it seemed necessary for us to answer in this article the various questions raised by the occurrence of a contagion and/or an infection with Parvovirus B19 during pregnancy. Our objective was to determine at first the nature and the main characteristics of Parvovirus B19 as well as its propagation during the pregnancy and to show its risk for the pregnant woman and her fetus. The importance of the subject is proven by the data on the spread and incidence of the virus. Worldwide, the focus on pregnancy is due to the additional potentially fatal effects on the fetus. This document covers the important aspects of a medical investigation: causes, symptoms, tests and diagnosis.

Mapping and Characterization of Agricultural Systems from Time Series of Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) in the Northeast Area of Tadla, Morocco

Introduction: Agriculture is the focus of sustainable development and food security in Morocco, contributing 14% to the national economy and its socio-economic impact depends on agro-climatic conditions and the availability of water resources. The objective of this work is to demonstrate that agriculture in Morocco, and especially in the Tadla region, is distributed according to the availability of underground water. Method: This work was carried out in the transition zone between the phosphate plateau and the plain of Tadla, a site of more than 124,000 ha. To achieve the objectives set, we used Landsat-8 OLI (Operational Land Imager) data sharpened to 15 m. The Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifications were applied to the 10-period Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) series. Results: It is shown that agriculture in Morocco is highly dependent on irrigation. In the classified map, it can be observed that the southern region, a zone with a semi-arid climate, which generally relies on irrigation, is very developed in agriculture, whereas in the north most of the soil is bared with cereals that mainly depend on rainfall. Conclusion: The possible water shortage in the region puts food availability in Morocco at risk of inadequacy. Food security depends on the availability of water, a natural resource at risk of extinction. Therefore, strategies to reduce the risk of agricultural drought must be at the forefront of Moroccan policies.