It is difficult to model human behavior because of the variability in driving styles and driving skills. However, for some driver assistance systems, it is necessary to have knowledge of that behavior to discriminate ...It is difficult to model human behavior because of the variability in driving styles and driving skills. However, for some driver assistance systems, it is necessary to have knowledge of that behavior to discriminate potentially hazardous situations, such as distraction, fatigue or drowsiness. Many of the systems that look for driver distraction or drowsiness are based on intrusive means （analysis of the electroencephalogram--EEG） or highly sensitive to operating conditions and expensive equipment （eye movements analysis through artificial vision）. A solution that seeks to avoid the above drawbacks is the use of driving parameters This article presents the conclusions obtained after a set of driving simulator tests with professional drivers with two main objectives using driving variables such as speed profile, steering wheel angle, transversal position on the lane, safety distance, etc., that are available in a non-intrusive way： （1） To analyze the differences between the driving patterns of individual drivers; and （2） To analyze the effect of distraction and drowsiness on these parameters. Different scenarios have been designed, including sequences with distractions and situations that cause fatigue. The analysis of the results is carried out in time and frequency domains in order to identify situations of loss of attention and to study whether the evolution of the analyzed variables along the time could be considered independent of the driver.展开更多
The safe use of buses by passengers travelling with pushchairs for young children is a mobility problem that has not yet been satisfactorily resolved. The lack of national and international standards in this area in t...The safe use of buses by passengers travelling with pushchairs for young children is a mobility problem that has not yet been satisfactorily resolved. The lack of national and international standards in this area in the past led to the development of a research project developed jointly by the Universitat Politecnica Valencia and the Universidad Politecnica Madrid （Spain）. This paper shows a comparative study to evaluate the dynamic behaviour in case of low-g accidents reproducing frontal impacts resembling real traffic events （deceleration 2g, AV 20 km/h） of a new pushchair restraint system against the use of back-restraint by pushchairs as establishes R 107- 06 series of amendments. In the dynamic trials, three pushchair restraint prototypes and a typical wheelchair back-restraint system combined with two worst-case up-to-date pushchair models in misuse and correct use configurations were tested. The results demonstrated the need for preventing children injuries as a consequence of low-g accidents. The new design meets and improves the latest revision of regulation R 107 regarding the use of restraint systems for the transport of wheelchair and pushchair passengers and represents an advance for pushchairs travelling on buses.展开更多
文摘It is difficult to model human behavior because of the variability in driving styles and driving skills. However, for some driver assistance systems, it is necessary to have knowledge of that behavior to discriminate potentially hazardous situations, such as distraction, fatigue or drowsiness. Many of the systems that look for driver distraction or drowsiness are based on intrusive means （analysis of the electroencephalogram--EEG） or highly sensitive to operating conditions and expensive equipment （eye movements analysis through artificial vision）. A solution that seeks to avoid the above drawbacks is the use of driving parameters This article presents the conclusions obtained after a set of driving simulator tests with professional drivers with two main objectives using driving variables such as speed profile, steering wheel angle, transversal position on the lane, safety distance, etc., that are available in a non-intrusive way： （1） To analyze the differences between the driving patterns of individual drivers; and （2） To analyze the effect of distraction and drowsiness on these parameters. Different scenarios have been designed, including sequences with distractions and situations that cause fatigue. The analysis of the results is carried out in time and frequency domains in order to identify situations of loss of attention and to study whether the evolution of the analyzed variables along the time could be considered independent of the driver.
文摘The safe use of buses by passengers travelling with pushchairs for young children is a mobility problem that has not yet been satisfactorily resolved. The lack of national and international standards in this area in the past led to the development of a research project developed jointly by the Universitat Politecnica Valencia and the Universidad Politecnica Madrid （Spain）. This paper shows a comparative study to evaluate the dynamic behaviour in case of low-g accidents reproducing frontal impacts resembling real traffic events （deceleration 2g, AV 20 km/h） of a new pushchair restraint system against the use of back-restraint by pushchairs as establishes R 107- 06 series of amendments. In the dynamic trials, three pushchair restraint prototypes and a typical wheelchair back-restraint system combined with two worst-case up-to-date pushchair models in misuse and correct use configurations were tested. The results demonstrated the need for preventing children injuries as a consequence of low-g accidents. The new design meets and improves the latest revision of regulation R 107 regarding the use of restraint systems for the transport of wheelchair and pushchair passengers and represents an advance for pushchairs travelling on buses.
