TREFACE (Test for Recognition of Facial Expressions with Emotional Conflict) is a computerized model for investigating the emotional factor in executive functions based on the Stroop paradigm, for the recognition of e...TREFACE (Test for Recognition of Facial Expressions with Emotional Conflict) is a computerized model for investigating the emotional factor in executive functions based on the Stroop paradigm, for the recognition of emotional expressions in human faces. To investigate the influence of the emotional component at the cortical level, the electroencephalographic (EEG) recording technique was used to measure the involvement of cortical areas during the execution of certain tasks. Thirty Brazilian native Portuguese-speaking graduate students were evaluated on their anxiety and depression levels and on their well-being at the time of the session. The EEG recording was performed in 19 channels during the execution of the TREFACE test in the 3 stages established by the model-guided training, reading, and recognition—both with congruent conditions, when the image corresponds to the word shown, and incongruent condition, when there is no correspondence. The results showed better performance in the reading stage and in congruent conditions, while greater intensity of cortical activation in the recognition stage and in incongruent conditions. In a complementary way, specific frontal activations were observed: intense theta frequency activation in the left extension representing the frontal recruitment of posterior regions in information processing;also, activation in alpha frequency in the right frontotemporal line, illustrating the executive processing in the control of attention, in addition to the dorsal manifestation of the prefrontal side, for emotional performance. Activations in beta and gamma frequencies were displayed in a more intensely distributed way in the recognition stage. The results of this mapping of cortical activity in our study can help to understand how words and images of faces can be regulated in everyday life and in clinical contexts, suggesting an integrated model that includes the neural bases of the regulation strategy.展开更多
A 10 ha deciduous seasonal forest fragment (15°45'54''S and 49°04'03''W) found in the bioregion of the Savanna Eco Museum localized in the state of Goiás, Brazil was studied. For...A 10 ha deciduous seasonal forest fragment (15°45'54''S and 49°04'03''W) found in the bioregion of the Savanna Eco Museum localized in the state of Goiás, Brazil was studied. For the phytosociological survey, 10 sample plots of 20 × 20 m were systematically located. All living trees of 5 cm DBH and above were measured with the plot boundaries. There were 742 individuals belonging to 83 species and 38 families. The richest families in terms of the number of species were Leguminosae, Rubiaceae, Myrtaceae, Apocynaceae and Chrisobalanaceae, which contributed 48% of the total species. The species with the highest importance value indices (IVI) were Tapira quianensis (Aubl.), Protium heptaphyllum (Aubl.) March., Callisthene mayor (Mart.), Amaioua guianensis (Aubl.) and Anadenanthera macrocarpa (Benth.) Brenan. The Shannon diversity index was 3.80 nats/individuals and the Pielou equality index was 0.86 for the total population. 549 sampled trees had DBH values lower than 30 cm. This indicates that this forest has a high potential for natural succession. Two DBH distributions were observed: the typical reverse “J”, described frequently in the literature, and a nearly Gaussian distribution.展开更多
文摘TREFACE (Test for Recognition of Facial Expressions with Emotional Conflict) is a computerized model for investigating the emotional factor in executive functions based on the Stroop paradigm, for the recognition of emotional expressions in human faces. To investigate the influence of the emotional component at the cortical level, the electroencephalographic (EEG) recording technique was used to measure the involvement of cortical areas during the execution of certain tasks. Thirty Brazilian native Portuguese-speaking graduate students were evaluated on their anxiety and depression levels and on their well-being at the time of the session. The EEG recording was performed in 19 channels during the execution of the TREFACE test in the 3 stages established by the model-guided training, reading, and recognition—both with congruent conditions, when the image corresponds to the word shown, and incongruent condition, when there is no correspondence. The results showed better performance in the reading stage and in congruent conditions, while greater intensity of cortical activation in the recognition stage and in incongruent conditions. In a complementary way, specific frontal activations were observed: intense theta frequency activation in the left extension representing the frontal recruitment of posterior regions in information processing;also, activation in alpha frequency in the right frontotemporal line, illustrating the executive processing in the control of attention, in addition to the dorsal manifestation of the prefrontal side, for emotional performance. Activations in beta and gamma frequencies were displayed in a more intensely distributed way in the recognition stage. The results of this mapping of cortical activity in our study can help to understand how words and images of faces can be regulated in everyday life and in clinical contexts, suggesting an integrated model that includes the neural bases of the regulation strategy.
文摘A 10 ha deciduous seasonal forest fragment (15°45'54''S and 49°04'03''W) found in the bioregion of the Savanna Eco Museum localized in the state of Goiás, Brazil was studied. For the phytosociological survey, 10 sample plots of 20 × 20 m were systematically located. All living trees of 5 cm DBH and above were measured with the plot boundaries. There were 742 individuals belonging to 83 species and 38 families. The richest families in terms of the number of species were Leguminosae, Rubiaceae, Myrtaceae, Apocynaceae and Chrisobalanaceae, which contributed 48% of the total species. The species with the highest importance value indices (IVI) were Tapira quianensis (Aubl.), Protium heptaphyllum (Aubl.) March., Callisthene mayor (Mart.), Amaioua guianensis (Aubl.) and Anadenanthera macrocarpa (Benth.) Brenan. The Shannon diversity index was 3.80 nats/individuals and the Pielou equality index was 0.86 for the total population. 549 sampled trees had DBH values lower than 30 cm. This indicates that this forest has a high potential for natural succession. Two DBH distributions were observed: the typical reverse “J”, described frequently in the literature, and a nearly Gaussian distribution.
