Comparative Analysis of the Lateritic Soil of Brasília and Soil Mixed with Vermiculite for Urban Cavities

Civil construction has high demand for new procedures and technologies capable of generating better results in numerous situations throughout the process.Nowadays,cavities in urban areas are commonly used due to the implantation of commercial and residential developments with more than two floors,seeking a better use of the nobler areas of the big cities.In geotechnical terms,the filling of these cavities,with the local soil,especially in the Federal District,lateritic soils,can represent additional efforts for the structures and foundations and lead to a compromise of the technical and functional performance of the same,compromising the efficiency and the economy of the enterprise.In this sense,this research evaluates the mechanical behavior of the mixtures,using GEO5 Software,Containment Design and Verification Modules,presenting an alternative to fill cavities in urban regions,with a mixture of material with lower specific density in relation to the soil Natural.Proctor Normal compression tests,simple direct shear saturation and sample expansibility were performed.The results showed a reduction of 38%in the strength of the reinforced concrete curtain,as well as a 25%reduction in maximum bending moments and 31%in maximum shear forces,and a reduction of about 32%in the displacements of the structure to the soil with addition of expanded vermiculite for tests obtained in the saturated condition.For the compositions of cement soil,expanded vermiculite soil and soil cement and expanded vermiculite,the deformations were of the order of 0.3%,0.4%and 0.2%,respectively.

Adaptive Thermal Comfort in Brazilian Schools by Building Performance Simulation (BPS)

Building performance simulation (BPS) is a crucial tool towards the design of projects better adapted its climatic context. In this sense, the objective of this research is to evaluate a method of thermal comfort analysis of schools in three Brazilian cities using BPS. The methodological procedures involved a literature review, in which the simulation tool and analysis method were chosen. Following simulations with the software DesignBuilder were performed using as study case a standard school typology designed by the General Coordination of Educational Infrastructure (CODIN/FNDE). This article evaluates its percentage occupied comfort hours in 3 reference cities: Cuiabá-MT, Brasília-DF, and Curitiba-PR. The results show respectively, for the cities of Curitiba, Brasília and Cuiabá, percentages of comfort hours of 76%, 70%, and 23%. The research states that the project must have different strategies for different climates. Finally, this article recommends this method should be applied to other cities and buildings.

Labor Pain through the Eyes of Brazilian Women and Delivery Nurses

Objective: Understanding the perception of women who have recently given birth in a Brazilian hospital regarding labor pain and nursing involvement in the labor process. Methodology: exploratory, descriptive and qualitative study carried out in a Maternity part of the supplementary health system in the Federal District (DF). Data were collected between May and July 2015 through interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire. The sample consisted of 16 mothers and data analysis followed Bardin methodology in three phases. Results: The pain experienced during labor is surrounded by feelings and expectations. Both positive and negative feelings experienced by mothers were identified in the interviews and unanimous opinion was the fact that the second stage is the most painful period as continuous pain is experienced. Some of the participants compared pain with strong menstrual cramps, renal colic and back pain;others, said labor pain was the strongest ever experienced. The immediate contact with the newborn was referred to as a reward for coping with breast pain and suffering. Other factors such as the importance of follow-up, support and coping with the pain and care provided by health staff were also highlighted. Conclusion: empowerment of the mother and family through knowledge is considered an important tool to fight pain and cope with the birth process in a positive and physiological way, which in the long run promotes a cultural change in the population regarding the importance of vaginal birth.

Eutrophication Process of Soil nearby a Sanitary Landfill and Its Influence on Brazilian Savanna Vegetation

This work aimed to demonstrate if exists a relation between eutrophic processes of soil (N, P, K, pH, and organic matter) with phytosociology mosaic of native tree species in Brazilian adjacent sanitary landfill areas of the savanna. One of the study area is located in Brasilia, Federal District, and the other one in Goiania, State of Goiás, 210 km far each other. The methodology consisted in techniques, procedures and specific software applied to this kind of data. There were used plots and subplots for each area and for the vegetation and soil survey. Statistical significance showed that there exists a relationship between eutrophic processes of soil with phytosociology mosaic of native savanna tree species.

Risk of control failure to insecticides malathion,profenophos+cypermethrin mixture,and fipronil in boll weevil(Coleoptera:Curculionidae)populations from Bahia,Brazil

Background To control the boll weevil Anthonomus grandis grandis(Coleoptera:Curculionidae),a key pest of cotton in the Americas,insecticides have been intensively used to manage their populations,increasing selection pressure for resistant populations.Thus,this study aimed to detect insecticide resistance and assess insecticide control failure likelihood of boll weevil populations exposed to malathion,profenophos+cypermethrin,and fipronil insecticides.Results Twelve populations of the boll weevil were collected from commercial cotton fileds of the state of Bahia,northeastern Brazil.These populations were exposed to malathion,profenophos+cypermethrin mixture,and fipronil,at their respective maximum label dose for field applications.Three replicates of 10 adult beetles were exposed to the insecticides and mortality was recorded after 24 h treatment.The control failure likelihood was determined after 48 h.Highest median lethal times(LT_(50))were observed for malathion and the profenophos+cypermethrin mixture.Resistance to at least one insecticide was detected in 11 populations;three populations were resistant to malathion and profenophos+cypermethrin;seven were resistant to all insecticides tested.The resistance levels were low(<10-fold)for the three insecticides.Among 12 populations tested,58%of them exhibited significant risk of control failure for the insecticides malathion and profenophos+cypermethrin.The insecticide fipronil was efficient for the control of the boll weevil in 83%of the populations.Conclusions The results confirm the significant risk of insecticide control failure in the boll weevil populations to the main compounds used in the region.Thus,proper insecticide resistance management plans are necessary for the boll weevil in the region,particularly for malathion and profenophos+cypermethrin insecticides.

国际护理知识网络建设的调查研究

本文报告了为创建护理知识网络(Nursing Knowledge Network,NKN)对不同国家护理院校进行环境扫描调查所收集到的信息。采用在线方式(2021年2-10月)进行环境扫描,探索研究领域的确定、现有资源、预期收益、教学研究创新、知识传播障碍及网络的预期贡献。目标信息提供者包括来自13个国家63所大学的200名护理教师。要求每所大学有1名参与者回答问卷。共有42所大学(约70%)回复,包括巴西21所,加拿大4所,葡萄牙和西班牙各3所,哥伦比亚、墨西哥、秘鲁和美国各2所,智利、意大利和巴拉圭各1所。其分享了相关信息和见解:通过护理高等教育机构之间的协作和交流,全球可以加强共同创新和研究合作能力;较少被研究的领域是知识网络生成证据、为当地科学实践提供信息的潜在重点。这些信息将为进一步了解护理发展,以及地方、区域和全球护理证据应用和传播相关的政府政策与计划制订提供参考。

Cheaper Precision Weapons: An Exploratory Study about the HESA Shahed 136

The ability to hit a target with precision and from a great distance has been reserved for the world’s superpowers. However, this resource is increasingly being threatened as drones with this long-range and precision capability are becoming more accessible to those who don’t have this strategic ability. This article starts with an analysis of the Iranian HESA Shahed 136 drone to discuss the latest innovations in low-cost long-range precision weapons, specifically the use of kamikaze drones and loitering munitions. This is an exploratory study that starts by discussing the notion of a kamikaze drone and then analyses the design options for the Shahed 136, to reflect on the future of this new type of weapon and its implications for the economic and political relationship between weapon and cost. The conclusion is that the HESA Shahed 136 revolutionizes the concept of precise long-range strikes, a function that until now was reserved for expensive and technologically demanding tactical missiles and aircraft, and which can now be carried out with cheap drones. This creates an arms race not only in producing the most technological and precise weaponry but also the least expensive.

Ethnobotany and Indigenous Traditional Knowledge in Brazil: Contributions to Research in Ecopsychology

This paper is the result of an investigation of the flora and traditionalknowledge in the conception of Javaé indigenous people from the Txuirivillage located on Bananal Island, Brazil. The objective is to investigatethe plants used by these indigenous people, their diverse uses and tounderstand how traditional knowledge is passed on to new generations.This is a qualitative, descriptive and interdisciplinary survey, whose datacollection strategies included the application of semi-structured questionnairesand collection of plants for cataloguing according to AngiospermPhylogeny Group or APG III (2009). We identified 26 plant species, usedfor various purposes such as medicinal use, food, construction, craft andcultural, which were deposited in the Herbarium of the Federal Universityof Tocantins. Roots, stem and leaf are the plant parts most used bythe community. The plants mentioned were most frequently found on thebanks of the Javaés River and in the backyard of the residences. Significanttraditional knowledge of these people about the plants are transmittedto new generations, through visual, orality and experimentation. Ethnobotanicalstudies strengthen research in ecopsychology while allowingresearch into the interactions between human populations and plants.

Dimensions of Access to Antihypertensive Medications in Ceilandia,Distrito Federal,Brazil

Access can be understood as the sum of a number of elements of the interface between patients and the health care system. This study took a comprehensive approach to the dimensions of access to medications, employing indicators to evaluate the dimensions of access to antihypertensive medications in Ceilandia, DF, Brazil. This was a cross-sectional epidemiological study, administering questionnaires during home visits. The survey covered epidemiological and socioeconomic profiles, behavioral habits and the dimensions of access to antihypertensive medications comprising physical, financial, and geographic availability and accept ability according to the hypertensive population of Ceilandia. The total sample comprised 400 individuals and the hypertensive subset numbered 140 (35%). Indicators of physical availability of medications revealed that users found it difficult to acquire their drugs on almost one third of occasions and in some cases were unable to access any of these products. The greatest barriers to access were reported by users of pharmacies belonging to the Brazilian National Health Service (SUS) and on the “People’s Pharmacies” network. More than one third of the hypertensive sample spent their own money on medications they could not find at these pharmacies. The majority of the hypertensive subsets were overweight/obese, a minority engaged in physical activity and 40% were smokers/ex-smokers. More women reduced their salt intake. Men had higher incomes, educational level, and socioeconomic status. Failure to keep the public health care system supplied has prejudiced access to essential medications for hypertension treatment, transferring the costs onto users. This population has lifestyle habits that increase the risk of exacerbation of hypertension. These results reveal a need for effective public policies to ensure access to antihypertensive medications and involve users of the health care system in changing their habits and behaviors in order to achieve adequate and lasting control of systemic arterial hypertension.

In Silico Evaluation of the Potential Interference of Boceprevir, Calpain Inhibitor II, Calpain Inhibitor XII, and GC376 in the Binding of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein to Human Nanobody Nb20

Virtual screening can be a helpful approach to propose treatments for COVID-19 by developing inhibitors for blocking the attachment of the virus to human cells. This study uses molecular docking, recovery time and dynamics to analyze if potential inhibitors of main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2 can interfere in the attachment of nanobodies, specifically Nb20, in the receptor binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2. The potential inhibitors are four compounds previously identified in a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based enzymatic assay for the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro: Boceprevir, Calpain Inhibitor II, Calpain Inhibitor XII, and GC376. The findings reveal that Boceprevir has the higher affinity with the RBD/Nb20 complex, followed by Calpain Inhibitor XII, GC376 and Calpain Inhibitor II. The recovery time indicates that the RBD/Nb20 complex needs a relatively short time to return to what it was before the presence of the ligands. For the RMSD the Boceprevir and Calpain Inhibitor II have the shortest interaction times, while Calpain Inhibitor XII shows slightly more interaction, but with significant pose fluctuations. On the other hand, GC376 remains stably bound for a longer duration compared to the other compounds, suggesting that they can potentially interfere with the neutralization process of Nb20.

Healthcare bioethics: a new proposal of ethics for clinical practice

The expression“patient revolution”is the social,educational,cultural,and political movement initiated at the end of the twentieth century and beginning of the twenty-first century,which sustains the protagonism of the patients in their care as the primary decision maker and holder of human rights.The patient revolution comprises varied approaches and references,such as Patient-Centered Care,Shared Decision-Making,Patient Participation,and Patients’Rights,which combine to uphold that the patient is a moral agent and anchor healthcare in the biopsychosocial model.In this sense,this movement is a new proposal of ethics for clinical practice.This theoretical research primary goal is to develop theoretical contributions that support this new Bioethics dimension,emphasizing the context in healthcare that calls for new ethics in clinical practice,characterized as a patient revolution movement.We concluded that the patient revolution had driven a new paradigm in healthcare based on Patient-Centricity,SDM,and Patients’Rights.Despite this critical change in the health sphere,the patient revolution appears to have reverberated in clinical bioethics.Thus,theoretical contributions must be developed for new ethics in the clinic,a task undertaken in this article through the proposal of Healthcare Bioethics as an adequate frame of reference to be adopted at all levels of clinical care.Thus,it is concluded that having Bioethics Healthcare as a beacon of ethics in clinical encounters can contribute to the quality of care and its ethical provision,confronting practices that violate Patients’Rights.It is imperative to change paternalistic theoretical frameworks that mitigate the Patients’Right to participate in every decision regarding their health.Only with the adoption of new approaches and an insight into the patient’s role in clinical interaction can a new culture in Patient-Centered healthcare take shape.

Colonic duplication in an adult mimicking a tumor of pancreas

Duplications of the alimentary tract are uncommon congenital malformations that can present diagnostic difficulties. We report a rare case of a cystic colonic duplication in a female adult. Preoperative investigations were suggestive of pancreatic tumor. The diagnosis was established based on the histopathological examination of the resected specimen. We concluded that, though uncommon, intestinal duplication should be considered in differential diagnosis of abdominal mass.

Extramedullary plasmocytoma associated with a massive deposit of amyloid in the duodenum

We report a rare case of extramedullary plasmocytoma associated with a massive deposit of amyloid in the duodenum. A 72-year-old Japanese man was admitted to our hospital presenting with a 3-mo history of epigastric pain, vomiting and weight loss. On computed tomography （CT） a wall thickening of the fourth part of the duodenum was observed. Multiple biopsies obtained from the lesion showed infiltration of plasma cells and lymphocytes, but they were not conclusive. The patient underwent resection of the lesion and, on histopathological examination, the lesion consisted of a dense and diffuse infiltrate of plasma cells and a few admixed lymphocytes with reactive follicles extending to the muscular propria. An extensive deposition of amyloid was also observed. Immunohistochemical stains revealed that a few plasmacytoid cells showed λ light chain staining, though most were κ： light chain positive. These cells also were positive for CD138 and CD56 but negative for CD20 and CD79. The findings were consistent with extramedullary plasmocytoma associated with a massive deposit of amyloid in duodenum. A subsequent workup for multiple myeloma was completely negative. The patient showed no signs of local recurrence or dissemination of the disease after 12 mo follow-up. Because of the association of plasmocytoma and amyloidosis, the patient must be followed up because of the possible systemic involvement of the neoplasm and amyloidosis in future.

Examination of the profitability of technical analysis based on moving average strategies in BRICS

In this paper,we investigated the profitability of technical analysis as applied to the stock markets of the BRICS member nations.In addition,we searched for evidence that technical analysis and fundamental analysis can complement each other in these markets.To implement this research,we created a comprehensive portfolio containing the assets traded in the markets of each BRICS member.We developed an automated trading system that simulated transactions in this portfolio using technical analysis techniques.Our assessment updated the findings of previous research by including more recent data and adding South Africa,the latest member included in BRICS.Our results showed that the returns obtained by the automated system,on average,exceeded the value invested.There were groups of assets from each country that performed well above the portfolio average,surpassing the returns obtained using a buy and hold strategy.The returns from the sample portfolio were very strong in Russia and India.We also found that technical analysis can help fundamental analysis identify the most dynamic companies in the stock market.

Experimental salt cavern in offshore ultra-deep water and well designevaluation for CO_(2) abatement

This paper presents a proposal for an experimental salt cavern in offshore ultra-deep water for CO2 abatement,including the instrumentation plan and well conceptual design evaluated for carbon capture and storage(CCS)application.These studies are based on applied computational mechanics associated with field experimentation that has contributed to the technical feasibility of the underground potash mine at the State of Sergipe in Brazil.This knowhow allowed the stability analysis of several salt caverns for brine production at the State of Alagoas in Brazil and to the drilling through stratified thick layers of salt of the pre-salt reservoirs in Santos Basin.Now,this knowledge has been applied in the design of onshore and offshore salt caverns opened by dissolution for storage of natural gas and CO2.The geomechanical study,through the application of computational mechanics,of offshore giant salt caverns of 450 m high by 150 m in diameter,shows that one cavern can store about 4 billion Sm3 or 7.2 million tons of CO2.Before the construction of the giant cavern,which will be the first gas storage offshore in the world,it has been decided to develop an experimental one,with smaller size,to obtained field parameters.The experimental cavern will allow the calibration of parameters to be used in the structural integrity analysis of the cavern and well for storage of natural gas which is rich in CO2 under high pressure.

Consolidation of soft clay foundation improved by geosyntheticreinforced granular columns:Numerical evaluation

Soft clays are problematic soils as they present high compressibility and low shear strength.There are several methods for improving in situ conditions of soft clays.Based on the geotechnical problem’s geometry and characteristics,the in situ conditions may require reinforcement to restrain instability and construction settlements.Granular columns reinforced by geosynthetic material are widely used to reduce settlements of embankments on soft clays.They also accelerate the consolidation rate by reducing the drainage path’s length and increasing the foundation soil’s bearing capacity.In this study,the performance of encased and layered granular columns in soft clay is investigated and discussed.The numerical results show the significance of geosynthetic stiffness and the column length on the embankment settlements.Furthermore,the results show that granular columns may play an important role in dissipating the excess pore water pressures and accelerating the consolidation settlements of embankments on soft clays.

超声波与人工智能在现场绝缘诊断中的应用(英文)

This work studies the feasibility of implementing a system for diagnosis of electrical insulation in the field based on ultrasonic noise and artificial neural networks.Such system,proved functional under laboratory conditions,extracts spectral information from the ultrasonic noise emitted by the corona discharges in electric equipments,and correlates it with previously defined degrees of pollution.To achieve this classification,artificial neural networks are employed.The results show the viability of the method in the site;nevertheless they also show that its reliability is proportional to the size and diversity of the available database.

Understanding how environmental heterogeneity and elevation drives the distribution of woody communities across vegetation types within the campo rupestre in South America

The campo rupestre sensu lato is a vegetation type that occurs in South American mountains,supports a distinctive flora characterized by high rates of endemism,high herbaceous species richness and often-neglected but also species-rich of the arboreal stratum.We aimed to investigate how environmental factors and elevation are associated with the distribution and diversity of woody species in different rupestrian vegetation types across South America.Using a database of 2,049 woody species from 185 sites across four vegetation types within the campo rupestre,we assessed how the vegetation types were grouped according to their floristic composition and number of shared indicator species,as well as by using different beta diversity indices.The most important variables from a set of 27 variables(e.g.altitude,geo-edaphic and climatic)explaining species distribution were identified using redundancy analysis(RDA)and variation partitioning methods.The distribution of vegetation types was related to both environmental and spatial fractions,with a set of 17 variables retained(e.g.rockiness,grass cover and temperature seasonality as the most important variables).There was an association between the floristic composition of each vegetation type and the elevation range.Although the identified vegetation types are floristically related,they are distinguished by exclusive and habitat-specialist woody species.This uniqueness of vegetation types should be considered in terms of complementarity for the conservation of campos rupestres.

A Variational Approach for Numerically Solving the Two-Component Radial Dirac Equation for One-Particle Systems

In this paper we propose a numerical approach to solve the relativistic Dirac equation suitable for computational calculations of one-electron systems. A variational procedure is carried out similar to the well-known Hylleraas computational method. An application of the method to hydrogen isoelectronic atoms is presented, showing its consistency and high accuracy, relative to the exact analytical eigenvalues.

TREFACE: A New Computerized Test of Emotional Stroop with Facial Expressions

Using the conflict principle of the Stroop task, “effect of interference in color naming”, the present study proposes to create a computational version of the emotional Stroop task, called TREFACE, for its acronyms in Portuguese “Teste de Reconhecimento de Expressões Faciais com Conflito Emocional” (Facial Expression Recognition Test with Emotional Conflict). In this protocol, four fixed styles of presentation were generated according to the condition: Congruent Word Reading, Incongruent Word Reading, Congruent Recognition of Face Expression and Incongruent Recognition of Face Expression, counterbalanced in terms of each facial expression, word and gender of the photo character. Forty-two healthy volunteers completed the task. Results revealed that a task associated with word reading allows better performance than a task associated with face recognition. It was also identified that in the congruent condition, there is an advantage in terms of the correct responses. Additionally, the data regarding recognition of face expression showed greater difficulty when the image was not congruent with the word. In general, the results suggest that the emotional attribute can compromise the ability to recognize the faces, reaching the functioning of mechanisms such as cognitive control and regulation of emotions. Thus, the TREFACE paradigm can be considered a good assessment tool for monitoring emotional conflict, in addition to presenting itself as a new instrument in Portuguese language for assessing emotional working memory in healthy individuals and, eventually, in different pathologies that affect the functioning of cortical areas related to executive functions.