Objective: Nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPC) are tumors arising from epithelium of the nasopharynx. The 5-year survival rate of primary NPC is 80% with significant risks of recurrence. The objective here is to provide a...Objective: Nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPC) are tumors arising from epithelium of the nasopharynx. The 5-year survival rate of primary NPC is 80% with significant risks of recurrence. The objective here is to provide an evidence-based systemic review of the diagnostic value of different modalities in detecting local, regional, and distal recurrent NPC, as well as the associated costs with these modalities.Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane review database were queried. Two hundred and twenty-three abstracts were generated using the inclusion criteria: patients >18 years of age;histopathological reference standard;and modalities pertaining to imaging or microbiology.Results: Twenty-four manuscripts fulfilled the inclusion criteria and 5 surveillance tools identified: endoscopy, MR, FDG-PET, Tc-99m MIBI and201TI SPECT, and EBV DNA.Conclusions: For local surveillance, endoscopy is the gold standard recommendation, with increased efficacy if Narrow Band Imaging or contact endoscopy are utilized. MRI and FDG-PET is also recommended to help with local to distal spread;however, Tc-99m MIBI and201TI SPECT are options as well. EBV DNA is recommended as a cheap and accessible adjunct surveillance tool if an available as an option.展开更多
Omphaloceles occur in about 1 in 5000 births and are the second most common congenital abdominal wall defects.1 Repair remains a surgeon’s preference with early closure only attempted for small-to medium omphalo-cele...Omphaloceles occur in about 1 in 5000 births and are the second most common congenital abdominal wall defects.1 Repair remains a surgeon’s preference with early closure only attempted for small-to medium omphalo-celes,while delayed closure is used for giant omphaloceles.2-4 In recent years,novel tech-niques that aim at reducing the disproportion between the abdominal cavity and the volume of the extra-abdominal viscera have been described to manage giant omphaloceles.展开更多
We are in a global pandemic that is responsible for more than 73.6 million confirmed cases and over 1.64 million deaths.Recent evidence highlights that electronic cigarette(e-cig)use by young people has a strong assoc...We are in a global pandemic that is responsible for more than 73.6 million confirmed cases and over 1.64 million deaths.Recent evidence highlights that electronic cigarette(e-cig)use by young people has a strong association with COVID-19 diagnosis[1].The e-cig industry has successfully utilized social media platforms to market e-cigs to adolescents[2].The industry typically posts on various social media sites,such as Ins-tagram and Reddit,frequented by adolescents.展开更多
文摘Objective: Nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPC) are tumors arising from epithelium of the nasopharynx. The 5-year survival rate of primary NPC is 80% with significant risks of recurrence. The objective here is to provide an evidence-based systemic review of the diagnostic value of different modalities in detecting local, regional, and distal recurrent NPC, as well as the associated costs with these modalities.Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane review database were queried. Two hundred and twenty-three abstracts were generated using the inclusion criteria: patients >18 years of age;histopathological reference standard;and modalities pertaining to imaging or microbiology.Results: Twenty-four manuscripts fulfilled the inclusion criteria and 5 surveillance tools identified: endoscopy, MR, FDG-PET, Tc-99m MIBI and201TI SPECT, and EBV DNA.Conclusions: For local surveillance, endoscopy is the gold standard recommendation, with increased efficacy if Narrow Band Imaging or contact endoscopy are utilized. MRI and FDG-PET is also recommended to help with local to distal spread;however, Tc-99m MIBI and201TI SPECT are options as well. EBV DNA is recommended as a cheap and accessible adjunct surveillance tool if an available as an option.
文摘Omphaloceles occur in about 1 in 5000 births and are the second most common congenital abdominal wall defects.1 Repair remains a surgeon’s preference with early closure only attempted for small-to medium omphalo-celes,while delayed closure is used for giant omphaloceles.2-4 In recent years,novel tech-niques that aim at reducing the disproportion between the abdominal cavity and the volume of the extra-abdominal viscera have been described to manage giant omphaloceles.
文摘We are in a global pandemic that is responsible for more than 73.6 million confirmed cases and over 1.64 million deaths.Recent evidence highlights that electronic cigarette(e-cig)use by young people has a strong association with COVID-19 diagnosis[1].The e-cig industry has successfully utilized social media platforms to market e-cigs to adolescents[2].The industry typically posts on various social media sites,such as Ins-tagram and Reddit,frequented by adolescents.
