Background Clostridium butyricum(CB)is a probiotic that can regulate intestinal microbial composition and improve meat quality.Rumen protected fat(RPF)has been shown to increase the dietary energy density and provide ...Background Clostridium butyricum(CB)is a probiotic that can regulate intestinal microbial composition and improve meat quality.Rumen protected fat(RPF)has been shown to increase the dietary energy density and provide essential fatty acids.However,it is still unknown whether dietary supplementation with CB and RPF exerts beneficial effects on growth performance and nutritional value of goat meat.This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary CB and RPF supplementation on growth performance,meat quality,oxidative stability,and meat nutritional value of finishing goats.Thirty-two goats(initial body weight,20.5±0.82 kg)were used in a completely randomized block design with a 2 RPF supplementation(0 vs.30 g/d)×2 CB supplementation(0 vs.1.0 g/d)factorial treatment arrangement.The experiment included a 14-d adaptation and 70-d data and sample collection period.The goats were fed a diet consisted of 400 g/kg peanut seedling and 600 g/kg corn-based concentrate(dry matter basis).Result Interaction between CB and RPF was rarely observed on the variables measured,except that shear force was reduced(P<0.05)by adding CB or RPF alone or their combination;the increased intramuscular fat(IMF)content with adding RPF was more pronounced(P<0.05)with CB than without CB addition.The pH24h(P=0.009),a*values(P=0.007),total antioxidant capacity(P=0.050),glutathione peroxidase activities(P=0.006),concentrations of 18:3(P<0.001),20:5(P=0.003)and total polyunsaturated fatty acids(P=0.048)were increased,whereas the L*values(P<0.001),shear force(P=0.050)and malondialdehyde content(P=0.044)were decreased by adding CB.Furthermore,CB supplementation increased essential amino acid(P=0.027),flavor amino acid(P=0.010)and total amino acid contents(P=0.024)as well as upregulated the expression of lipoprotein lipase(P=0.034)and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγ(PPARγ)(P=0.012),and downregulated the expression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase(SCD)(P=0.034).The RPF supplementation increased dry matter intake(P=0.005),averaged daily gain(trend,P=0.058),hot carcass weight(P=0.046),backfat thickness(P=0.006),concentrations of 16:0(P<0.001)and c9-18:1(P=0.002),and decreased the shear force(P<0.001),isoleucine(P=0.049)and lysine content(P=0.003)of meat.In addition,the expressions of acetyl-CoA carboxylase(P=0.003),fatty acid synthase(P=0.038),SCD(P<0.001)and PPARγ(P=0.022)were upregulated due to RPF supplementation,resulting in higher(P<0.001)content of IMF.Conclusions CB and RPF could be fed to goats for improving the growth performance,carcass traits and meat quality,and promote fat deposition by upregulating the expression of lipogenic genes of Longissimus thoracis muscle.展开更多
In this study, lime-hydrate (Ca(OH)2) desulfurizer was treated by plasma with strong ionization discharge of a dielectric barrier. The removal of SO2 from simulated flue gas was investigated. The principles of SO2...In this study, lime-hydrate (Ca(OH)2) desulfurizer was treated by plasma with strong ionization discharge of a dielectric barrier. The removal of SO2 from simulated flue gas was investigated. The principles of SO2 removal are discussed. Several factors affecting the efficiency of SO2 removal were studied. They included the ratio of calcium to sulfur (Ca/S), desulfurizer granularity, residence time of the flue gas, voltage applied to the discharge electrode in the plasma generator, and energy consumption. Experimental results indicate that the increase in Ca/S ratio, the applied voltage and discharge power, the residence time, and the reduction in the desulfurizer granularity all can raise the SO2 removal efficiency. The SO2 removal efficiency was up to 91.3% under the following conditions, namely a primary concentration of SO2 of 2262×10^-6 (v/v) in the emission gas, 21%(v/v) of oxygen, 1.8% (v/v) of water, a Ca/S ratio of 1.48, a residence time of 2.8 s, a 3.4 kV voltage and a 10kHz frequency power applied to the discharge electrodes in the plasma generator, and a flow rate of 100 m^3/h for emission gas.展开更多
In this paper, we explore network architecture anal key technologies for content-centric networking (CCN), an emerging networking technology in the big-data era. We descrihe the structure anti operation mechanism of...In this paper, we explore network architecture anal key technologies for content-centric networking (CCN), an emerging networking technology in the big-data era. We descrihe the structure anti operation mechanism of tl CCN node. Then we discuss mobility management, routing strategy, and caching policy in CCN. For better network performance, we propose a probability cache replacement policy that is based on cotent popularity. We also propose and evaluate a probability cache with evicted copy-up decision policy.展开更多
Near monodisperse Fe3O4 sub-microspheres with an average diameter of 170 nm have been synthesized by a solvothermal reduction method, using K3[Fe(CN)6] as the raw material in the absence of any surfactants at 200℃ fo...Near monodisperse Fe3O4 sub-microspheres with an average diameter of 170 nm have been synthesized by a solvothermal reduction method, using K3[Fe(CN)6] as the raw material in the absence of any surfactants at 200℃ for 24 h. The products were detected by XRD, FESEM, TEM, and XPS. The investigation of the reaction parameters indicates that ethylene glycol plays a key role both as reducing agent and solvent. In addition, the reaction time and temperature also have important influences on the final product. The hysteresis loop of the near monodisperse Fe3O4 sub-microspheres shows a ferromagnetic behavior with saturation magnetization of 60.8 emu/g and coercivity of 124.7 Oe.展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1301105)the earmarked fund for CARS(CARS-36)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(YQ2021C018)the Postdoctoral Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(LBH-Z21100)the Open Project Program of International Joint Research Laboratory in Universities of Jiangsu Province of China for Domestic Animal Germplasm Resources and Genetic Improvement(IJRLD-KF202204).
文摘Background Clostridium butyricum(CB)is a probiotic that can regulate intestinal microbial composition and improve meat quality.Rumen protected fat(RPF)has been shown to increase the dietary energy density and provide essential fatty acids.However,it is still unknown whether dietary supplementation with CB and RPF exerts beneficial effects on growth performance and nutritional value of goat meat.This study aimed to investigate the effects of dietary CB and RPF supplementation on growth performance,meat quality,oxidative stability,and meat nutritional value of finishing goats.Thirty-two goats(initial body weight,20.5±0.82 kg)were used in a completely randomized block design with a 2 RPF supplementation(0 vs.30 g/d)×2 CB supplementation(0 vs.1.0 g/d)factorial treatment arrangement.The experiment included a 14-d adaptation and 70-d data and sample collection period.The goats were fed a diet consisted of 400 g/kg peanut seedling and 600 g/kg corn-based concentrate(dry matter basis).Result Interaction between CB and RPF was rarely observed on the variables measured,except that shear force was reduced(P<0.05)by adding CB or RPF alone or their combination;the increased intramuscular fat(IMF)content with adding RPF was more pronounced(P<0.05)with CB than without CB addition.The pH24h(P=0.009),a*values(P=0.007),total antioxidant capacity(P=0.050),glutathione peroxidase activities(P=0.006),concentrations of 18:3(P<0.001),20:5(P=0.003)and total polyunsaturated fatty acids(P=0.048)were increased,whereas the L*values(P<0.001),shear force(P=0.050)and malondialdehyde content(P=0.044)were decreased by adding CB.Furthermore,CB supplementation increased essential amino acid(P=0.027),flavor amino acid(P=0.010)and total amino acid contents(P=0.024)as well as upregulated the expression of lipoprotein lipase(P=0.034)and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγ(PPARγ)(P=0.012),and downregulated the expression of stearoyl-CoA desaturase(SCD)(P=0.034).The RPF supplementation increased dry matter intake(P=0.005),averaged daily gain(trend,P=0.058),hot carcass weight(P=0.046),backfat thickness(P=0.006),concentrations of 16:0(P<0.001)and c9-18:1(P=0.002),and decreased the shear force(P<0.001),isoleucine(P=0.049)and lysine content(P=0.003)of meat.In addition,the expressions of acetyl-CoA carboxylase(P=0.003),fatty acid synthase(P=0.038),SCD(P<0.001)and PPARγ(P=0.022)were upregulated due to RPF supplementation,resulting in higher(P<0.001)content of IMF.Conclusions CB and RPF could be fed to goats for improving the growth performance,carcass traits and meat quality,and promote fat deposition by upregulating the expression of lipogenic genes of Longissimus thoracis muscle.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.50578020)the Project of Jiangsu University High-level Professional Scientific Research Fund(No.05JDG052)Jiangsu Educational Science Key Topics for the"11th Five-Year"Plan(B-b/2006/01/019)
文摘In this study, lime-hydrate (Ca(OH)2) desulfurizer was treated by plasma with strong ionization discharge of a dielectric barrier. The removal of SO2 from simulated flue gas was investigated. The principles of SO2 removal are discussed. Several factors affecting the efficiency of SO2 removal were studied. They included the ratio of calcium to sulfur (Ca/S), desulfurizer granularity, residence time of the flue gas, voltage applied to the discharge electrode in the plasma generator, and energy consumption. Experimental results indicate that the increase in Ca/S ratio, the applied voltage and discharge power, the residence time, and the reduction in the desulfurizer granularity all can raise the SO2 removal efficiency. The SO2 removal efficiency was up to 91.3% under the following conditions, namely a primary concentration of SO2 of 2262×10^-6 (v/v) in the emission gas, 21%(v/v) of oxygen, 1.8% (v/v) of water, a Ca/S ratio of 1.48, a residence time of 2.8 s, a 3.4 kV voltage and a 10kHz frequency power applied to the discharge electrodes in the plasma generator, and a flow rate of 100 m^3/h for emission gas.
基金supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.60872018 and No. 60902015Major National Science and Technology Project No. 2011ZX03005-004-03
文摘In this paper, we explore network architecture anal key technologies for content-centric networking (CCN), an emerging networking technology in the big-data era. We descrihe the structure anti operation mechanism of tl CCN node. Then we discuss mobility management, routing strategy, and caching policy in CCN. For better network performance, we propose a probability cache replacement policy that is based on cotent popularity. We also propose and evaluate a probability cache with evicted copy-up decision policy.
基金Supported by the Start Fund for Advanced Professional of Jiangsu University of Science and Technology (Grant No.35060810)Jiangsu University (Grant No.07JDG017)
文摘Near monodisperse Fe3O4 sub-microspheres with an average diameter of 170 nm have been synthesized by a solvothermal reduction method, using K3[Fe(CN)6] as the raw material in the absence of any surfactants at 200℃ for 24 h. The products were detected by XRD, FESEM, TEM, and XPS. The investigation of the reaction parameters indicates that ethylene glycol plays a key role both as reducing agent and solvent. In addition, the reaction time and temperature also have important influences on the final product. The hysteresis loop of the near monodisperse Fe3O4 sub-microspheres shows a ferromagnetic behavior with saturation magnetization of 60.8 emu/g and coercivity of 124.7 Oe.