Identification of the normal and abnormal glow discharge modes in a neon-xenon gas mixture at low pressure

In this paper, we focused on the identification of the normal and abnormal glow discharge modes in a neon-xenon gas mixture at low pressure. We considered four gas mixtures： 90%Ne-10%Xe, 80%Ne-20%Xe, 70%Ne-30%Xe and 50%Ne-50%Xe at 1.5 Torr. The range of the gap voltage is 150-500 V. A one-dimensional fluid model with multiple species was used in this work, and the metastable state of the atoms as well as the radiation effects were integrated into the model too. The input data changed for each percentage in the gas mixture, and was calculated by BOLSIG＋ software. The parameters of particle transport and their rate coefficients strictly depend on the mean electron energy. The results show that the neon ion density is negligible compared to the xenon ion density, mostly in the case of 50%Ne-50%Xe.

Ameliorative Effects of <i>Syzygium aromaticum</i>Essential Oil on Fertility in Male Rats Exposed to Manganese

Introduction: Several substances were likely to cause the decline in male fertility which could go up to the complete sterility. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of Syzygium aromaticum essential oil on fertility in male rats exposed to manganese. Materials and Methods: Twenty four male rats, 6 months old, were divided into 2 groups;12 rats in one group received, by oral route, a water containing manganese chloride tetrahydrate (MnCl2·4H2O) is at the dose of 4.79 mg·ml-1 for 12 weeks. The group of control male rats received a distilled water in the same conditions. After a period of experimentation, each group was divided into two subgroups of 6 rats which received daily, by intraperitoneal way, a 0.1 mg/kg body weight, of Syzygium aromaticum essential oil. Results: After a chronic exposure, microscopic examination of the testes showed degeneration of the seminiferous tubules and the gremlin cell. Seminal parameters indicated a decrease in the sperm levels (21.3 × 106 cells/ml) and a rise of morphological abnormalities (66.1%). However, intraperitoneal administration of essential oil extracted from the flower buds of Syzygium aromaticum, during 3 weeks, to the rats previously intoxicated with Mn, showed a significant rising of sperm concentration (61.2 × 106 cells/ml) and a reduction of morphological abnormalities (10.8%). These changes were associated with a significant regeneration of seminiferous tubules and interstitial cells. Conclusion: This study revealed an ameliorative effect of essential oil Syzygium aromaticum in testicular tissue and the sperm quality.

Unsteady Heat Transfer in Bilayer,and Three-Layer Materials

The heat transfer equation is used to determine the heat flow by conduction through a composite material along the real axis.An analytical dimensionless analysis is implemented in the framework of a separation of variables method(SVM).This approach leads to an Eigenvalues problem that is solved by the Newton’s method.Two types of dynamics are found:An unsteady condition(in the form of jumps or drops in temperatures depending on the considered case),and a permanent equilibrium(tending to the ambient temperature).The validity and effectiveness of the proposed approach for any number of adjacent layers is also discussed.It is shown that,as expected,the diffusion of the temperature is linked to the ratio of the thermo-physical properties of the considered layers and their number.

2D DC Subnormal Glow Discharge in Argon

A two-dimensional time-dependent fluid model was developed and used to describe a DC subnormal glow discharge in argon with Cartesian geometry. This configuration allows us to take into account the transverse expansion of the discharge. A hydrodynamic fluid model used in this paper is based on the moments of the Boltzmann transport equation. The resultant set of governing equations consists of continuity equations （fluxes and densities） for electrons and ions, an energy equation for electrons, and Poisson＇s equation. Simulation results are presented for the densities of charged particles, the electric voltage, the electric field, and the electron temperature of the discharge. The results were compared with those obtained in the literature.

Recalculate Structural, Elastic, Electronic, and Thermal Properties in LaAlO₃Rhombohedral Perovskite

We study the structural, elastic and electronic properties of perovskite insulator LaAlO3 using two different methods: the full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method and the pseudo-potential plane wave scheme in the frame of generalized gradient approximation and local density approximation GGA + mBJ. We have evaluated the ground state quantities. Also, we have presented the results of the band structure and densities of states. These results are in favourable agreement with previous theoretical works and the existing experimental data. To complete the fundamental characteristics of this compound, we have analyzed the thermodynamic properties.