Transcriptome analyses have been performed on mature trichomes isolated from wild-type Arabidopsis leaves and on leaf trichomes isolated from the g13-sst sim double mutant, which exhibit many attributes of immature tr...Transcriptome analyses have been performed on mature trichomes isolated from wild-type Arabidopsis leaves and on leaf trichomes isolated from the g13-sst sim double mutant, which exhibit many attributes of immature trichomes. The mature trichome profile contained many highly expressed genes involved in cell wall synthesis, protein turnover, and abiotic stress response. The most highly expressed genes in the g13-sst sim profile encoded ribosomal proteins and other proteins involved in translation. Comparative analyses showed that all but one of the genes encoding transcription factors previously found to be important for trichome formation, and many other trichome-important genes, were preferentially expressed in gl3-sst sim trichomes. The analysis of genes preferentially expressed in gl3-sst sim led to the identification of four additional genes required for normal trichome development. One of these was the HDG2 gene, which is a member of the HD-ZIP IV transcription factor gene family. Mutations in this gene did not alter trichome expansion, but did alter mature trichome cell walls. Mutations in BIT resulted in a loss of trichome branch formation. The relationship between bit and the phenotypically identical mutant, sti, was explored. Mutations in PEL3, which was previously shown to be required for development of the leaf cuticle, resulted in the occasional tangling of expanding trichomes. Mutations in another gene encoding a protein with an unknown function altered trichome branch formation.展开更多
The NRG COSIA Carbon XPRIZE-a$20 million prize competition focused on the development and scaling of innovative carbon-capture and-utilization technologies-placed credible data at the forefront of its scoring and rank...The NRG COSIA Carbon XPRIZE-a$20 million prize competition focused on the development and scaling of innovative carbon-capture and-utilization technologies-placed credible data at the forefront of its scoring and ranking approach for the selection of prize-winners.To guarantee the quality of the submitted data,independent third-party verifiers reviewed each candidate technology and data set.While the Carbon XPRIZE contenders demonstrated a variety of CO_(2)-utilization technologies at various levels of technical maturity and scale,it was found that early evaluation of the impact of measurements on process performance parameters via sensitivity analysis should influence the selection of instruments that have appropriate accuracy.In addition to appropriate accuracy,this assessment can lead to reduced costs associated with instrumentation rather than simply buying the‘best’instrument while simultaneously ensuring that uncertainties are kept as low as possible.With proper pre-planning,good engineering practice and good measurement practice,it is possible to optimize uncertainty against the costs and usability of instrumentation and data systems.展开更多
文摘Transcriptome analyses have been performed on mature trichomes isolated from wild-type Arabidopsis leaves and on leaf trichomes isolated from the g13-sst sim double mutant, which exhibit many attributes of immature trichomes. The mature trichome profile contained many highly expressed genes involved in cell wall synthesis, protein turnover, and abiotic stress response. The most highly expressed genes in the g13-sst sim profile encoded ribosomal proteins and other proteins involved in translation. Comparative analyses showed that all but one of the genes encoding transcription factors previously found to be important for trichome formation, and many other trichome-important genes, were preferentially expressed in gl3-sst sim trichomes. The analysis of genes preferentially expressed in gl3-sst sim led to the identification of four additional genes required for normal trichome development. One of these was the HDG2 gene, which is a member of the HD-ZIP IV transcription factor gene family. Mutations in this gene did not alter trichome expansion, but did alter mature trichome cell walls. Mutations in BIT resulted in a loss of trichome branch formation. The relationship between bit and the phenotypically identical mutant, sti, was explored. Mutations in PEL3, which was previously shown to be required for development of the leaf cuticle, resulted in the occasional tangling of expanding trichomes. Mutations in another gene encoding a protein with an unknown function altered trichome branch formation.
文摘The NRG COSIA Carbon XPRIZE-a$20 million prize competition focused on the development and scaling of innovative carbon-capture and-utilization technologies-placed credible data at the forefront of its scoring and ranking approach for the selection of prize-winners.To guarantee the quality of the submitted data,independent third-party verifiers reviewed each candidate technology and data set.While the Carbon XPRIZE contenders demonstrated a variety of CO_(2)-utilization technologies at various levels of technical maturity and scale,it was found that early evaluation of the impact of measurements on process performance parameters via sensitivity analysis should influence the selection of instruments that have appropriate accuracy.In addition to appropriate accuracy,this assessment can lead to reduced costs associated with instrumentation rather than simply buying the‘best’instrument while simultaneously ensuring that uncertainties are kept as low as possible.With proper pre-planning,good engineering practice and good measurement practice,it is possible to optimize uncertainty against the costs and usability of instrumentation and data systems.
