Bolshetagninskoe Deposit Microcline-Pyrochlore Ore Process Mineralogy

Bolshetagninskoe deposit is one of the most important Russia niobium potential sources. It is confined to carbonatite complex of the same name that is situated in the Sayan Mountains, Eastern Siberia. In the result of VIMS exploration niobium ores reserves have been applied by Russian State Reserve Committee in 2012 year. Ores contain about 1% Nb2O5 and are unique in that the economic pyrochlore mineralization is concentrated in alkaline metasomatic rocks but not in carbonatites[1]. During exploration 47 borehole samples and 6 bulk samples were collected and studied by process mineralogy techniques (optic mineralogical analyze, optic image analyzer system, XRD, EPMA). 26 borehole samples and 2 bulk samples were tested by rougher floatation to define geometallurgical items and to understand the ore’s behavior. Four volumetric samples have been tested by commissioned flowsheet (radiometric separation → impact milling → selective floatation → pyrochlore leaching → ferroniobium). There are three ore types in the Bolshetagninskoe deposit: microcline-pyrochlore (MP), biotite-columbite-pyrochlore (BCP) and carbonate-pyrochlore (CP). MP type is the most important one. MP ore consists of microcline (59wt%–70wt%) with minor carbonates, apatite, sulfides, goethite. Pyrochlore, the essential Nb mineral (94% of ore Nb content), occurs as fine grains (weighted average grain size is 57 μn). Since pyrochlore grains are fine and friable, the ore preparation size and method is a main problem of its treatment. While primary ore processing is effective to remove about 30% waste material it is important to evaluate its influence on floatation feed grade.

Concurrent Nimotuzumab with Radiation Therapy in Locally Advanced Cancers of Oropharynx and Hypopharynx: A Review of 6 Cases

Background: The prevalence of head and neck cancers in the world is around 57% and predominantly occurs in Asian countries. It accounts for 30% of all cancers in India. The cure rate of locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN) has only 30% - 60% even after combined therapeutic approaches. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) antagonists are the most researched targets in the management of head and neck cancers. Claims at superior tumor control and additional survival benefit without any added toxicity make it an attractive option. With this case series we intend to see how nimotuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody, fares in difficult cases of head and neck cancers. Case Description: In this case series, total six patients of locally advanced cancer of head and neck region were treated weekly using cisplatin and nimotuzumab concurrently with radiation therapy (RT) for 6 - 7 weeks. Depending upon the disease stage as well as the general condition of the patient, different dose cycles and radiation doses were tailored. Patients were monitored for regular physical examinations and hematological tests followed by pre and post treatment computed tomography (CT) scans, Fludeoxyglucose positive emission tomography (FDG PET-CT) scans, and histopathology. All patients were assessed for toxicities and managed consequently. After completion of radiation and follow-up, 6 weeks later post treatment CT scans were carried out. Conclusion: This case series shows that combination of chemoradiation with nimotuzumab achieved good response rates with no evidence of residual disease/disease progression on follow-up. The patients’ tolerability with combination therapy was good and toxicity was acceptable. Nimotuzumab was found beneficial in combination with chemoradiation for locally advanced head and neck cancers.

走进抽象艺术

现代抽象艺术的基本概念是任何想法，任何材料，或者任何形状，只要它能被转化成一种“艺术形态”，就可以被看作是艺术。二十世纪初，抽象艺术开始出现于欧洲，俄国和美国。它是由各种反传统的艺术．尤其是野兽派和立体派，影响转变而来。

CLEAR CELL CHONDROSARCOMA OF BONE (A REPORT OF THREE CASES WITH IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL AND AFFINITY HISTOCHEMICAL OBSERVATIONS)

Clear cell chondrosarcoma, a subtype and separate entity from the traditional chondrosarcoma, is characterized by its special histologic features, site of predilection, slow growth and better prognosis. Three cases are presented with elucidation of clinicopathologic correlation and detection by the ABC immunohistochemical method using several antibodies. The observation of positive reaction to S-100 pretein (S-100), vimentin(Vim), alpha 1-antichymotrypsin (AACT) and lysozyme (Lyso) by the tumor cells of clear cell chondrosarcoma, similar to traditional chondrosarcoma and chondroblastoma, proves that this tumor has its origin from the cartilaginous tissue. It was found for the first time that the clear cell chondrosarcoma was positive for wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and concanavalin A (Con A). The authors believe that clear cell chondrosarcoma may result from the anaplastic changes of chondroblastoma cells Into another subtype of that tumor. The osteoclast-like multinucleated giant cells (MGC), retaining the antigens of phagocytes, are not considered to be neoplastic.

IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL DIAGNOSIS IN FINE-NEEDLE ASPIRATION CYTOLOGY

This paper reports 25 kinds of polyclonal or monoclonal antibodies by ABC immunohistochemical technique used for 253 cell smears by fine-needle aspiration. The results were,1. Immunohistochemical diagnosis were classified into 136 metastatic cancers ( K12+ EMA+ CEA+ LCA-),92 lymphomas (LCA+ k12- EMA- CEA-), 4 mesenchymal tumors (Vimentin+), 3 melanomas (S-100+NSE+). 15 reactive proliferations (k+λ4+ CD+ CD8+) and 3 unspecified.2. The origin of 70 metastatic cancers were classified into 36 lung (HLC3-AB+), 4 gastrointestinal tract (MG7+), 8 thyroid (TGB+), 1 prostate (PSA+), 3 liver (AFP+) and 14 unknown. 3. Immunologic phenotype of 87 lymphomas wereclassified into 66 cases of B-cell, 4 T-cell, 3 hsitocyte, 7 Hodgkin' s diseases and 7 unclear. The above results suggest that immunohistochemlcal method may be used as a new method of diagnosing and differentiating epithelial and non-epithelial tumors, detecting primary focus of metastatic cncer, differentiating between reactive proliferation adn lymphome and specifying immunologic phenotype of lymphoma in cell smears of fine- needle aspiration.

Analysis of the Quantity and Causes of Outages in LV/MV Electric Grids

The paper considers the quantity and causes of outages in electric grids of low and medium voltages using the example of an electric grid of a regional power supply company.The main types of damage to the equipment of power lines and transformer substations were identified.Data on other areas of rural and urban electric grids are also analyzed.The main directions for reducing the quantity of outages in electric grids are proposed based on this analysis.Among them,there are the use of isolated wires in power transmission lines,the improvement of design of switching devices,switches and terminals of transformers,the application of technical condition diagnostics,the disaggregating of power lines and the increase of protection sensitivity of power lines.Most of the causes of equipment damage can be prevented by increasing the maintenance level of this equipment.