1.Introduction Survival analysis concerns the time from a well-defined origin to some event of interest, such as the time from surgery to death of a cancer patient, the time from wedding to divorce, and the time betwe...1.Introduction Survival analysis concerns the time from a well-defined origin to some event of interest, such as the time from surgery to death of a cancer patient, the time from wedding to divorce, and the time between the first and second suicide attempts.Although originated in research on the active lifetime of light bulbs and other electric devices, modern applications of survival analysis include many non-survival events.Thus, survival analysis may be more appropriately called the time-to-event analysis.展开更多
1.Introduction Power and sample size estimation constitutes an important component of designing and planning modern scientific studies.It provides information for assessing the feasibility of a study to detect treatme...1.Introduction Power and sample size estimation constitutes an important component of designing and planning modern scientific studies.It provides information for assessing the feasibility of a study to detect treatment effects and for estimating the resources needed to conduct the project.This tutorial discusses the basic concepts of power analysis and the major differences between hypothesis testing and power analyses.We also展开更多
Major depressive disorder(MDD)and type 2 diabetes(T2D)are two common complex multifactorial disorders that share several genetic and environmental risk factors such as hypercortisolism and related genes'riskvarian...Major depressive disorder(MDD)and type 2 diabetes(T2D)are two common complex multifactorial disorders that share several genetic and environmental risk factors such as hypercortisolism and related genes'riskvariants within the stress response and the neuroendocrine hypothalamicpituitary axis.Under stress,the pituitary gland releases prolactin(PRL),whose effects are pleiotropic and include mood control and insulin secretion from the beta cells.1 Variations in the prolactin receptor(PRLR)gene are associated in rodent models with stress level,depressionlike behavior,2 and hepatic insulin sensitivity3 and in humans with maternal glucose homeostasis and gestational diabetes.展开更多
Melatonin is an endogenous monoamine hormone secreted by the pineal gland.Melatonergic signaling has been shown to play a role in circadian rhythm regulation,lipid and glucose metabolism,and obesity,and it has anti-in...Melatonin is an endogenous monoamine hormone secreted by the pineal gland.Melatonergic signaling has been shown to play a role in circadian rhythm regulation,lipid and glucose metabolism,and obesity,and it has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.The melatonin receptor 1B gene(MTNR1B)is expressed in,among other tissues,the brain and pancreatic beta cells,and risk variants for T2D have been reported as impairing early insulin secretion and increasing fasting glucose levels.^(1) Variants in the MTNR1B gene also have been reported in patients with depression(MDD).展开更多
基金supported in part by NIH grant R33 DA027521a Novel Biostatistical and Epidemiologic Methods grants from the University of Rochester Medical Center Clinical and Translational Science Institute Pilot Awards Program
基金supported by the National Institute of Mental Health R01 MH075017-01A1by the National Institute of Mental Health R34 MH096854-02,both to Dr.Kerry L.Knox
文摘1.Introduction Survival analysis concerns the time from a well-defined origin to some event of interest, such as the time from surgery to death of a cancer patient, the time from wedding to divorce, and the time between the first and second suicide attempts.Although originated in research on the active lifetime of light bulbs and other electric devices, modern applications of survival analysis include many non-survival events.Thus, survival analysis may be more appropriately called the time-to-event analysis.
基金supported in part by the Clinical and Translational Science Collaborative of Cleveland,UL1TR000439the University of Rochester,5-27607,from the National Institutes of Health
文摘1.Introduction Power and sample size estimation constitutes an important component of designing and planning modern scientific studies.It provides information for assessing the feasibility of a study to detect treatment effects and for estimating the resources needed to conduct the project.This tutorial discusses the basic concepts of power analysis and the major differences between hypothesis testing and power analyses.We also
文摘Major depressive disorder(MDD)and type 2 diabetes(T2D)are two common complex multifactorial disorders that share several genetic and environmental risk factors such as hypercortisolism and related genes'riskvariants within the stress response and the neuroendocrine hypothalamicpituitary axis.Under stress,the pituitary gland releases prolactin(PRL),whose effects are pleiotropic and include mood control and insulin secretion from the beta cells.1 Variations in the prolactin receptor(PRLR)gene are associated in rodent models with stress level,depressionlike behavior,2 and hepatic insulin sensitivity3 and in humans with maternal glucose homeostasis and gestational diabetes.
基金supported in part with the funds received under Nebraska Laws2021,LB380,Section 109 awarded to C.G.(Pl)Creighton University School of Medicine,through the Nebraska Department of Health&Human Services(DHHS).
文摘Melatonin is an endogenous monoamine hormone secreted by the pineal gland.Melatonergic signaling has been shown to play a role in circadian rhythm regulation,lipid and glucose metabolism,and obesity,and it has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties.The melatonin receptor 1B gene(MTNR1B)is expressed in,among other tissues,the brain and pancreatic beta cells,and risk variants for T2D have been reported as impairing early insulin secretion and increasing fasting glucose levels.^(1) Variants in the MTNR1B gene also have been reported in patients with depression(MDD).
