To characterize the pore features of outburst coal samples and investigate whether outburst coal has some unique features or not, one of the authors, working as the member of the State Coal Mine Safety Committee of Ch...To characterize the pore features of outburst coal samples and investigate whether outburst coal has some unique features or not, one of the authors, working as the member of the State Coal Mine Safety Committee of China, sampled nine outburst coal samples(coal powder and block) from outburst disaster sites in underground coal mines in China, and then analyzed the pore and surface features of these samples using low temperature nitrogen adsorption tests. Test data show that outburst powder and block coal samples have similar properties in both pore size distribution and surface area. With increasing coal rank, the proportion of micropores increases, which results in a higher surface area. The Jiulishan samples are rich in micropores, and other tested samples contain mainly mesopores, macropores and fewer micropores. Both the unclosed hysteresis loop and force closed desorption phenomena are observed in all tested samples. The former can be attributed to the instability of the meniscus condensation in pores,interconnected pore features of coal and the potential existence of ink-bottle pores, and the latter can be attributed to the non-rigid structure of coal and the gas affinity of coal.展开更多
传统的太阳能系统经常会因为实际应用环境中的不匹配问题和光照不均现象而影响效率。分布式最大功率跟踪(distributed max power point tracking,DMPPT)概念的提出有效地抑制了这种影响。在分布式最大功率跟踪的基础上,该文提出一种嵌...传统的太阳能系统经常会因为实际应用环境中的不匹配问题和光照不均现象而影响效率。分布式最大功率跟踪(distributed max power point tracking,DMPPT)概念的提出有效地抑制了这种影响。在分布式最大功率跟踪的基础上,该文提出一种嵌入式智能光伏模块(sub-panel MPPT converter,SPMC),利用非隔离的DC-DC变换器替代传统太阳能板接线盒中的旁路二极管,通过输出侧统一的最大功率计算单元对输入侧进行的指令信号控制,可以有效地消除太阳能板因为不匹配问题所带来的能量损失。文中首先对所提出智能光伏模块的拓扑结构进行分析、比较。然后以BUCK型的嵌入式智能光伏模块提出统一输出最大功率跟踪控制策略,这种控制策略在保证输出功率最大化的前提下,优化了系统模块,有效降低了系统控制复杂度和装置成本。最后,文章通过实验验证了所提出的概念和控制方法。展开更多
A user-defined three-dimensional （3D） discrete element model was presented to predict the dynamic modulus and phase angle of asphalt concrete （AC）. The 3D discrete element method （DEM） model of AC was constructe...A user-defined three-dimensional （3D） discrete element model was presented to predict the dynamic modulus and phase angle of asphalt concrete （AC）. The 3D discrete element method （DEM） model of AC was constructed employing a user-defined computer program developed using the ＂Fish＂ language in PFC3D. Important microstructural features of AC were modeled, including aggregate gradation, air voids and mastic. The irregular shape of aggregate particle was modeled using a clump of spheres. The developed model was validated through comparing with experimental measurements and then used to simulate the cyclic uniaxial compression test, based on which the dynamic modulus and phase angle were calculated from the output stress- strain relationship. The effects of air void content, aggregate stiffness and volumetric fraction on AC modulus were further investigated. The experimental results show that the 3D DEM model is able to accurately predict both dynamic modulus and phase angle of AC across a range of temperature and loading frequencies. The user- defined 3D model also demonstrated significant improvement over the general existing two-dimensional models.展开更多
In the United States, prostitution is considered illegal in all but one state; Nevada allows some legal activities in exchange for substantial guidelines. In 2010, approxi- mately 43,600 females were arrested for pros...In the United States, prostitution is considered illegal in all but one state; Nevada allows some legal activities in exchange for substantial guidelines. In 2010, approxi- mately 43,600 females were arrested for prostitution. Numerous intervention programs were established in order to obstruct the lifestyle of a prostitute （PRP~ Project ROSE, etc.）. There are many documentations and programs that share their forethought on prostitution; however, few target prostitution directly. To determine the dynamics of prostitution, this paper constructs a four-class compartmental model that focuses on the effectiveness of government intervention and rehabilitation of prostitutes mathematically. The basic reproductive number, R0, helps to discover the threshold values for the dynamics of prostitution to become both prevalent or absent in society. This paper predominately observes government intervention to curtail a prostitution prevalent society. Various parameters and variables help to define and indicate the dynamics of pros- titution to construct viable simulations. Successful prostitution interaction prevention deemed essential in prostitution prevention; however, government intervention corresponding with successful rehabilitation competitively challenges prostitution interaction prevention in reducing basic reproductive values.展开更多
基金provided by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Universities of Henan Province of China(No.NSFRF140105)the 2015 Key Research Program of Higher Education Institution in Henan Department of Education of China(No.15A440007)+4 种基金the Henan Polytechnic University Doctoral Fund Project(No.B2014-004)the 2016 Foundation and Advanced Technology Research Project of Henan Province(No.162300410038)the 2014 Provincial University Training Program Under the National-Level Undergraduate Training Program in Innovation and Entrepreneurship of China(No.201410460036)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.51274090)the State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base for Gas Geology and Gas Control(Henan Polytechnic University-China)(No.WS2012B01)
文摘To characterize the pore features of outburst coal samples and investigate whether outburst coal has some unique features or not, one of the authors, working as the member of the State Coal Mine Safety Committee of China, sampled nine outburst coal samples(coal powder and block) from outburst disaster sites in underground coal mines in China, and then analyzed the pore and surface features of these samples using low temperature nitrogen adsorption tests. Test data show that outburst powder and block coal samples have similar properties in both pore size distribution and surface area. With increasing coal rank, the proportion of micropores increases, which results in a higher surface area. The Jiulishan samples are rich in micropores, and other tested samples contain mainly mesopores, macropores and fewer micropores. Both the unclosed hysteresis loop and force closed desorption phenomena are observed in all tested samples. The former can be attributed to the instability of the meniscus condensation in pores,interconnected pore features of coal and the potential existence of ink-bottle pores, and the latter can be attributed to the non-rigid structure of coal and the gas affinity of coal.
文摘传统的太阳能系统经常会因为实际应用环境中的不匹配问题和光照不均现象而影响效率。分布式最大功率跟踪(distributed max power point tracking,DMPPT)概念的提出有效地抑制了这种影响。在分布式最大功率跟踪的基础上,该文提出一种嵌入式智能光伏模块(sub-panel MPPT converter,SPMC),利用非隔离的DC-DC变换器替代传统太阳能板接线盒中的旁路二极管,通过输出侧统一的最大功率计算单元对输入侧进行的指令信号控制,可以有效地消除太阳能板因为不匹配问题所带来的能量损失。文中首先对所提出智能光伏模块的拓扑结构进行分析、比较。然后以BUCK型的嵌入式智能光伏模块提出统一输出最大功率跟踪控制策略,这种控制策略在保证输出功率最大化的前提下,优化了系统模块,有效降低了系统控制复杂度和装置成本。最后,文章通过实验验证了所提出的概念和控制方法。
基金Funded by the National "863" Plan Foundation of China(No.2006AA11Z110)
文摘A user-defined three-dimensional （3D） discrete element model was presented to predict the dynamic modulus and phase angle of asphalt concrete （AC）. The 3D discrete element method （DEM） model of AC was constructed employing a user-defined computer program developed using the ＂Fish＂ language in PFC3D. Important microstructural features of AC were modeled, including aggregate gradation, air voids and mastic. The irregular shape of aggregate particle was modeled using a clump of spheres. The developed model was validated through comparing with experimental measurements and then used to simulate the cyclic uniaxial compression test, based on which the dynamic modulus and phase angle were calculated from the output stress- strain relationship. The effects of air void content, aggregate stiffness and volumetric fraction on AC modulus were further investigated. The experimental results show that the 3D DEM model is able to accurately predict both dynamic modulus and phase angle of AC across a range of temperature and loading frequencies. The user- defined 3D model also demonstrated significant improvement over the general existing two-dimensional models.
基金Support for this Mathematical Association of America （MAA） Program is jointly provided by the National Science Foundation （Grant DMS-1359016） and the National Security Administration （Grant H98230-15-1-0020）. We thank the School for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy at Arizona State University （ASU） for allowing us to use their resources and facilities. A. Lanz acknowledges the support provided by the National Science Foundation HBCU-UP Research Initiation Award （Grant 074754805）. Furthermore, the authors would like to thank the anonymous referees for their valuable comments and suggestions.
文摘In the United States, prostitution is considered illegal in all but one state; Nevada allows some legal activities in exchange for substantial guidelines. In 2010, approxi- mately 43,600 females were arrested for prostitution. Numerous intervention programs were established in order to obstruct the lifestyle of a prostitute （PRP~ Project ROSE, etc.）. There are many documentations and programs that share their forethought on prostitution; however, few target prostitution directly. To determine the dynamics of prostitution, this paper constructs a four-class compartmental model that focuses on the effectiveness of government intervention and rehabilitation of prostitutes mathematically. The basic reproductive number, R0, helps to discover the threshold values for the dynamics of prostitution to become both prevalent or absent in society. This paper predominately observes government intervention to curtail a prostitution prevalent society. Various parameters and variables help to define and indicate the dynamics of pros- titution to construct viable simulations. Successful prostitution interaction prevention deemed essential in prostitution prevention; however, government intervention corresponding with successful rehabilitation competitively challenges prostitution interaction prevention in reducing basic reproductive values.
