不同国家儿童体成分比较分析

目的 研究中国、新加坡和荷兰 3个国家儿童体重指数 (BMI)与体脂百分含量的关系 ,为研究儿童生长发育与营养状况评价方法提供依据。方法 采用配对实验设计 ,将儿童的年龄、性别和身高进行配对筛选 ,要求年龄为 7～ 1 2岁 ,每个研究地点 50名儿童 ,男女各半。采用密度法和双能X线吸收法 (DXA)测量儿童的体脂含量。结果 研究发现 3个国家儿童以及不同性别儿童的BMI和体脂百分含量 (BF % )之间差异无显著性。对各国儿童年龄和BF %进行调整后 ,新加坡儿童的BMI显著低于中国儿童和荷兰儿童。BMI、年龄和性别相同的情况下 ,新加坡儿童的BF % (2 4 .6 %± 0 .7% )显著高于中国 (1 9.2 %± 0 .8% )和荷兰儿童 (2 0 .3 %± 0 .7% )。

Stroke Rehabilitation In The United States

I have attempted to present you with many of the ways that in the United States we are addressing the issue of motor deficits in stroke survivors. Many of these techniques show promise. However,there is much work to be done in order to determine which techniques may be the most effective for cer-tain patients. It is also need to figure out the timing of many of these techniques in order to maximize their benefit. As this last slide shows,stroke survivors need to be "involved with their own rescue." Without their motivation and practice,stroke survivors will never reach their maximal functional capacity. With new techniques and technologies,rehabilitation professionals can provide stroke survivors with the means to intensify their therapies to facilitate functional recovery,reorganize the brain and return them to a fulfilling quality of life.

Role of particle stimulated nucleation in recrystallization of hot extruded Al 6061/SiC_p composites

Studies on texture and microstructure evolution in hot extruded Al 6061 aluminium alloy reinforced with uncoated and nickel coated SiC p were carried out by electron backscattered diffraction technique.Textures of both the alloy and its composite with nickel coated SiC p do exhibit strong β fiber with its axis parallel to the direction of extrusion.In addition to the dominant cube texture（001） 100,fully recrystallized grains with partially equiaxed structure have been observed in the alloy reinforced with uncoated SiC p.The recrystallization texture of this composite can be attributed to the particle stimulated nucleation（PSN） due to the presence of SiC p with size less than 5 μm.Under these conditions,the low value of Zener-Hollomon,Z（～1012s-1） confirms that PSN is one of the dominant mechanisms for recrystallization and is governed by formation of deformation zone rather than stored energy.

H7N9 influenza-the laboratory presentations: A letter to editor

To the editor,1.Introduction to new H7N9 bird flu Influenza virus infection is an important group of respiratory infectious disease.Several groups of influenza viruses can cause human infections.However,in the recent years,there are many newly emerging influenza infections,which have never been previously seen in human.Crossing species from animal to human lead

XPS和TOF-SIMS在硬盘驱动器(HDD)磁头表面微污染分析中的应用

XPS和 TOF- SIMS表面分析仪器联用分析磁头臂焊接位表面有机微污染物成分 ,找出污染物的来源 ;XPS能够提供污染物中元素组成及价态信息 ,而 TOF- SIMS能够提供其分子信息。试验证明两者联用是分析表面有机微污染物强有力的手段。

Paving the Way for Economically Accepted and Technically Pronounced Smart Radio Environment

Recently,Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces(RISs)have been introduced to provide the necessary flexibility for the design of the Smart Radio Environment(SRE),which can be optimally shaped to facilitate efficient signal transmissions.In line with the concept of smart cities,SRE needs to be carefully designed with respect to the city infrastructure and utilization of resources.In this paper,we provide our vision on RIS integration into future Smart Cities by highlighting the potential technical,environmental,and economic motivations of RIS deployment in harmony with various ecosystems at a city level such as buildings facades.To this end,we are pointing out some scenarios for mitigating the conflict between RIS realization and the existing building facade’s ecosystems such as advertising display and solar cells on building walls.Also,in this fashion,the proposed vision supports a win-win relationship between all stakeholders of different ecosystems.This study presents guidelines for not only enabling seamless economically accepted RIS widespread utilization but,also more technically sounding SRE by supporting enhanced RIS features and more advanced applications that cannot be attained by traditional passive RIS.Moreover,based on the current research directions,we offer promising insights for cost-effective mass pro-duction through motivating two scenarios of“all on silicon”and“all as metasurface”fabrication technology.With this study,we aim to encourage the metasurface researchers,that for a broad deployment of the technical solution,economic,environmental,and other commercial requirements should be planned together,early on in the design phase.

ZIka virus infection in Asia: reappraisal on phylogenetic data of Asian lineage

Zika virus infection becomes the important global problem in the present day. The worldwide distribution of the infection can be seen. The genetic epidemiology study shows that the infection has subgroups of outbreaks. The Asian lineage is an interesting group that can be seen in a wide area. In this short article, the authors reappraises on the phylogenetic data of Asian lineage. The study on period, distance and phylogenetic parameter differences among isolated from several countries in the Asia lineage group is done. Based on the present study, the time and place dimnensional analysis can show that the disease distribution should be mainly induced by the international traveling.

Finite-Nuclei Properties in Relativistic Density Dependent Hartree-Fock Approach

Finite nucleus properties are studied in a relativistic effective interaction approach.Density dependent coupling constants of the meson-nucleon interactions are adopted to incorporate the relativistic Brueckner-Har tree-Fock results in the relativistic mean field(RMF)or relativistic Hartree-Fock(RHF)approach.It is desired to remedy the deficiencies of RMF and RHF without losing the features of the relativistic G matrix and at the same time retain the simplicity.The calculated ground state properties with the density dependent coupling constants are in a good agreement with experiment.The contribution of isovector mesons in RHF is discussed.

Zika virus infection, vagina, clinical problem and presentation

Dear Editor, Vagina is the important part of female genital tract. The infection at vagina is possible and it is usually related to sexually transmitted disease. In the present day, the disease that becomes the worldwide public health concern is the Zika virus infection. It is confirmed that the Zika virus infection can transmit via sexual contact.

Authorship misconduct

DEAR EDITOR： We read the publication by Liu （2016） on authorship misconduct with a great interest. In fact, the authorship misconduct is no uncommon and has to be managed, Liu （2016） noted that ＂Proper authorship embodies honesty, integrity, fairness and transparency, which surely are the very essence of any scientific pursuit.＂ Due to the present requirement on academic publication to support academic rank, several forms of authorship misconduct can be seen. Of interest,

Antimonene-based saturable absorber for a soliton mode-locked and Q-switched fiber laser in the 2 μm wavelength region

We demonstrate antimonene as a saturable absorber(SA) to generate an ultrafast mode-locked and Q-switched laser in the 2 μm wavelength region. The two antimonene-based SAs were prepared and inserted separately in a thulium–holmiumdoped fiber laser to produce the pulsed laser. Antimonene was coated onto a tapered fiber to generate soliton mode-locked pulses and used in thin-film form for the generation of Q-switched pulses. The mode-locking was stable within a pump power of 267 m W–511 m W, and the laser operated at a central wavelength of 1897.4 nm. The mode-locked laser had a pulse width of 1.3 ps and a repetition rate of 12.6 MHz, with a signal-to-noise ratio of 64 d B. Q-switched laser operation was stable at a wavelength of 1890.1 nm within a pump power of 312 m W–381 m W. With the increase in pump power from 312 m W to 381 m W, the repetition rate increased to a maximum of 56.63 k Hz and the pulse width decreased to a minimum value of 2.85 μs. Wide-range tunability of the Q-switched laser was also realized within the wavelength range of1882 nm–1936 nm.

Medicinal Solid Fermentation Engineering of Chinese Traditional Medicinal Fungal

Medicinal solid fermentation technology of fungal was unique within the traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） and one of the oldest bio-pharmaceutical technology in the history, for example, the production of medicated leaven named ＂Shenqu＂, the history of which had continued for more than 1,500 years. These kinds of productions were widly used and had a close relationship with TCM. The development of this technology had through stages of ＂yeast production＂, ＂solid culture＂, ＂solid fermentation＂, and nowadays toward a series engineering of solid fermentation with promising prospects. The author described the development of its history briefly, and the representative products and the characteristics of production process of every stage, respectively. This research focused on taking ＂Trametes robinioplila fermented substance＂, ＂T. robinioplila ＆ A. membranaceus fermented substance＂ and ＂T. wilfordii Hook.f. ＆ G. lucidum fermented substance＂ as examples to introduce R ＆ D ideas and important findings of＂common fermentation＂ and ＂bi-directional fermentation＂ which were recommended as studying hotspots. There were many unique and important functions in the fields of TCM about all kinds of＂fermentation substances＂. It is infered that there may exist some other innovate technologies such as ＂Multi-fungal fermentation＂, ＂Special elements fermentation＂, etc. which are remained to be researched and developed continuely. All kinds of＂fermentation substances＂ are looked forward to show unique and important roles in the fields of TCM.

Powership＇s Identity and MARPOL Convention Application

The concept, although it is not new, came to surface in the last ten years with significant technological improvement and became a temporary solution for the port cities where the supply of electricity is in need. A ship shaped floatable structure with a huge power generator on board becomes the temporary but effective solution. However, these converted ex-ships are still legally ships in order to admit them sufficiently within the scope of a leading convention, which applies to marine and air pollution from ships. This issue needs research on the legal definition of the ＂ship＂ to clarify if it is a ship and to determine whether that would also fall within the concept of MARPOL.

A Review of Haptic Technology Applications in Healthcare

Regaining lost abilities via the formation of new neural pathways as a result of extensive practice and retraining is a key feature of the rehabilitation process. However, patient boredom is a big issue in rehabilitation owing to the extensive practice that is necessary. Awareness of the value of haptic (touch-enabled) interfaces in computer applications has grown because to the emergence of games with buzzing joysticks and consumer electronics with touchpads. Some forms of haptics, however, are paving the way for cutting-edge computer-based rehabilitation solutions, such as “serious games,” which are only one use of haptics’ potential to enhance clinical treatment. In this paper, we aim to review the methods and technologies of haptic feedback that are used for medical treatment and rehabilitation. Developing and innovating better haptic feedback technology has the potential to expand and improve access to virtual healthcare such as the doctor being able to “feel” a patient’s tumor from miles away by being paired with robotic devices.

Progress in eyelid diseases and surgery

The eyelids protect the eyes and therefore vision.Diseases altering the eyelid structure or function threaten sight as well as cosmesis.An updated comprehensive understanding of eyelid anatomy,physiology,pathology,diagnostics,and therapeutics is fundamental to a patient’s physical and psychological well-being.Eyelid diseases are involved in multiple pathological conditions.In this special series of Annals of Eye Science,the distinguished authors provide an update on the prognosis and treatment of eyelid diseases due to tumor,orbital fracture,congenital ptosis,and prosthetic eyes,among others,and introduce three-dimensional(3D)anthropometry to evaluate the periocular morphology pre-and postoperatively.

Good Wishes for 2010

Editor＇ s Desk： With historic events taking place in 2009, for instance, the commercialization of 3G systems, the evolution of Long Term Evolution （LTE） technologies and full-service operation resulting from a new round of reorganization of telecom operators, this was no doubt an epoch-making year in the development of Chinese telecom industry. All these events greatly drove the rapid development of Chinese telecom industry, making it an important part of national economy of China. Meanwhile, broadband market expansion and wireless service development continued to be an international trend. Broadband and high-speed Internet services have become engines for revenue growth of global telecom industry. Celebrating the great development of telecom industry as well as at the coming of 2010, Mr. Zhao Houlin, Deputy Secretary-General of International Telecommunication Union （ITU）, delivered his New Year message for our magazine.

晚期糖化终产物与慢性疾病

大多数慢性疾病（ChD）病人承受增强的急性期反应（APR）和慢性期反应（CPR），增强的炎症反应和过度炎症反应，以及与组织内增多的晚期糖化终产物（advanced glycation end products AGE）和晚期脂质过氧化终产物（advanced lipoxidation end products ALE）沉积有强烈相关陛的代谢综合征的折磨。随着糖化血红蛋白（HbAlc）及其在糖尿病和各种年龄相关疾病中作用的发现，

Epidemiology of hepatitis B virus infection among young adults in Taiwan,China after public vaccination program

Background The public vaccination program of hepatitis B virus （HBV） was launched during 1984 in Taiwan, China. However, the long-lasting protective efficacy of HBV vaccination among adolescents older than 15 years of age was seldom recorded. Methods A seroepidemiological survey was conducted among 4575 first-year university students in Taiwan, China during 2000 to 2003, including the serological data of HBV by testing HBV surface antigen （HBsAg）, surface antibody （anti-HBs）, HBV core antibody （anti-HBc） and demographic information. Results HBsAg carrier rate among male university students born before the initiation of the HBV vaccination program decreased from 12.8% to 4.8% among those born after the vaccination program （P〈0.001, Х^2 test for linear trend）. Similarly, HBsAg carrier rate among female university students born before the initiation of the HBV vaccination program decreased from 8.1% to 2.7% among those born after the vaccination program （P〈0.001, Х^2 test for linear trend）. Both male and female students in eastern Taiwan had the highest HBsAg carrier rate compared with the other places. Using multiple logistic regression analysis, compared with students born after July 1984, the adjusted OR of HBsAg carrier rate decreased from 3.10 for students born before June 1981 to 1.56 for students born from July 1983 to June 1984 （95% CI 1.96-4.91, P〈0.001; 95% CI1.06-2.28, P=0.024; respectively）. Conclusions Public vaccination provides long-lasting protection again HBV infection among the university students in Taiwan, China older than 18 years of age. There is a geographic variation of HBV infection among young adults in Taiwan China.

A STUDY OF SEDIMENT DELIVERY FROM A SMALL CATCHMENT IN THE LOESS PLATEAU BY THE ^(137)Cs METHOD

A man-made tracer for soil erosion exists in the world-wide fallout of 137Cs from nuclear test. Most of the fallout occurred from 1956 through 1965 with maximum deposition rates in 1963—1964. Reiatively little 137Cs has been deposited since 1970. Cesium-137 is strongly adsorbed within the upper horizons of soil and resists leaching through soil. Since 137Cs has a half-life of 30 a, it is a good tracer for long-term soil particle movement.

Experimental Study on Hydrocarbon Fuel Thermal Stability

The.thermal stability characteristics of kerosine-type fuels are examined using a heated-tube apparatus which allows independent control of fuel pressure,fuel temperature,tube-wall temperature and fuel flow rate.This method is identified simply as a“constant wall temperature method”.It is different from a previous widely used method,which is identified as a“constant heat flux method”.It is a single-pass system.Rate of deposition on the tube walls are measured by weighing the test tube before and after each test. For a fuel temperature of 250℃,it is found that deposition rates increase continuously with increase in tube- wall temperature.This finding contradicts the results of previous studies which had led to the conclusion that deposition rates increase with increase in wall temperature up to a certain value(around 650 K)beyond which any further increase in wall temperature causes the rate of deposition to decline. The present results show clearly that the constant wall temperature method is more suitable for assessing the thermal stability of gas turbine fuels.