Effect of naringin on despair behavior and neuroprotective mechanisms in mouse model of menopausal depression

Objective:To explore the effect of naringin on hippocampus estrogen receptor and neuronal cell apoptosis in a mouse model of menopausal depression.Methods:The menopausal depression model was replicated by bilateral ovariectomy(OVX)combined with chronic unpredictable mild stimulation(CUMS),54 female Kunming mice were randomly divided into Blank group,Model group(OVX+CUMS group),Sham operation group(SHAM group),Estradiol group(E2 group 20.090 mg∙Kg-1∙d-1),Naringin group(100 mg∙Kg-1∙d-1),Naringin+ICI182780 group(100 mg∙Kg-1∙d-1+0.075 mg∙Kg-1∙d-1),each group of 9 mice were administered for 21 consecutive days.The depression-like behaviour changes of each group of mice were observed by tail suspension and forced swimming experiments;The morphological changes of hippocampal neurons were observed by HE staining;Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of ERαand ERβpositive cells in the hippocampus of mice;The expression of ERβ,GluR2,CAMK栻,NMDAR1,Bad,Bcl-2 and Caspase3 proteins in the hippocampus of the mice was detected by western blot.Results:Compared with the Blank group,the immobility time of the mice in the OVX+CUMS group was significantly increased(P<0.01),mice hippocampal neurons with a sparsely organized cell arrangement,nuclear fixation,the expressions of ERβ,GluR2,and Bcl-2 were decreased(P<0.01,P<0.001),and the expressions of NMDAR1,CAMK栻,Bad,and Caspase3 were increased(P<0.05,P<0.01);Compared with the OVX+CUMS group,the immobility time of the mice in the SHAM group,E2 group and Naringin group was significantly reduced(P<0.01),mice hippocampal neuronal cells are relatively intact and tightly packed,the expressions of ERβ,GluR2 and Bcl-2 were increased(P<0.01,P<0.05),and the expressions of NMDAR1,CAMK栻,Bad and Caspase3 were decreased(P<0.05,P<0.01);Compared with the Naringin group,the quiescent time of the mice in the Naringin+ICI182780 group was increased(P<0.05),the smaller cell body of mouse hippocampal neurons,the expressions of ERβ,GluR2,and Bcl-2 were decreased(P<0.01,P>0.05,P<0.05),and the expressions of NMDAR1,CAMK栻,Bad,and Caspase3 were increased(P<0.01,P<0.05).Conclusions:Naringin may reduce neuronal cell excitotoxicity caused by glutamate receptor activation,reduce neuronal cell apoptosis and improve depression-like behavior by activating ERβreceptors in the hippocampus in a mouse model of menopause depression.

Comparison of“Song to the Men of England”With“Large Rat”of Book of Songs From the Approach of New Criticism

New Criticism is an important theory in deciphering poetry.With the help of New Criticism,the meanings and the charms of the poetry are shown.“Song to the Men of England”and“Large Rat”are from different countries with the same emotions of accusing the cruelty of the exploiter and the miserable life of the exploited.However,“Song to the Men of England”is full of hatred to the exploiter,hoping to destroy the society.Nevertheless,the exploited of“Large Rat”keep the hope of moving to a new free land.The two poems show different characteristics of Englishmen and Chinese.

Deep Reinforcement Learning Solves Job-shop Scheduling Problems

To solve the sparse reward problem of job-shop scheduling by deep reinforcement learning,a deep reinforcement learning framework considering sparse reward problem is proposed.The job shop scheduling problem is transformed into Markov decision process,and six state features are designed to improve the state feature representation by using two-way scheduling method,including four state features that distinguish the optimal action and two state features that are related to the learning goal.An extended variant of graph isomorphic network GIN++is used to encode disjunction graphs to improve the performance and generalization ability of the model.Through iterative greedy algorithm,random strategy is generated as the initial strategy,and the action with the maximum information gain is selected to expand it to optimize the exploration ability of Actor-Critic algorithm.Through validation of the trained policy model on multiple public test data sets and comparison with other advanced DRL methods and scheduling rules,the proposed method reduces the minimum average gap by 3.49%,5.31%and 4.16%,respectively,compared with the priority rule-based method,and 5.34%compared with the learning-based method.11.97%and 5.02%,effectively improving the accuracy of DRL to solve the approximate solution of JSSP minimum completion time.

Hypoxia Down-regulates Secretion of MMP-2, MMP-9 in Porcine Pulmonary Artery Endothelial and Smooth Muscle Cells and the Role of HIF-1

Summary： Primary cell culture, techniques of gene transfection, gelatin zymography, and Western blot were used to investigate the effect of hypoxia on the secretion of MMP 2 and MMP-9 in pulmonary artery endothelial cells （PAEC） and smooth muscle cells （PASMC）, and the role of HIF-1. Our results showed that （1） after exposure to hypoxia for 24 h, the protein content and activity of MMP-2 in the PAEC medium as well as these of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in PASMC medium （P〈0. 01 ） decreased significantly in contrast to those in normoxic group （P（0.05） ; （2） after transfection of wild type EPO3＇ enhancer, a HIF-1 decoy, the content and activity of MMP 2 and MMP-9 in hypoxic mediums became higher than those in normoxic group （P〈0. 01）, while transfection of mutant EPO3＇-enhancer didn＇t affect the hypoxia-induced down-regulation. It is concluded that hypoxia could inhibit the secretion and activity of MMP 2 and MMP-9 in PAEC and PASMC, which could he mitigated by the transfection of EPO3 ＇-enhancer and that H1F-1 pathway might contribute to hypoxia-induced down regulation of MMP-2 and MMP-9.

Acid Separation, Catalytic Oxidation and Coagulation for ATC Waste Liquid Treatment

It is difficult to treat 2-amino-thiazoline-4-carboxylic acid （ATC） waste liquid effectively at present for its characteristics of high chemical oxygen demand （COD）, high salinity and low biodegradability. In order to solve this problem, this paper presents several kinds of physical-chemical treatment unit techniques, including acid separation, catalytic oxidation and coagulation. First of all, acid separation was adopted to precipitate relevant organics at isoelectric point. When the temperature and pH value of acid separation were controlled at about 5 ℃ and 2.2 respectively, the COD removal rate could reach 27.600. Secondly, oxidation was used to break chemical constitution of refractory organics. The optimal reaction parameters of catalytic oxidation should be 20 ℃, pH adjusted to 5.0 and [Fe2+] 300 mg/L. Then with 500 H2O2 added and after one-hour reaction, the COD removal rate could achieve about 5200. Finally, coagulation was adopted to remove a portion of refractory organics, and 1500 polymeric molysite flocculant was the best for the coagulation, and the COD removal rate could reach about 1500. Therefore, the proposed feasible process of physical-chemical pretreatment for ATC waste liquid could have about 7000 COD removed in total.

The Relevant Analysis on the Stop Time in Winter and Times of Plateau and the Index in Early Days for Garrisonned Plateau Constructors

Objective: Study the influence of the stop time in winter, times of plateau on the index in early days for plateau constructors meet;Method:Is it participate in plateau construction of 2002-2004 to choose,enter into the plateau again of 2003-2005 practise clothes finish to mate 326 materials “physical examination in front of the worker",which is passed in Nanshankou Hospital in early days, divided into 3 groups according to the difference of year for the physical examination, examine by leaning towards relevant analytical methods;Result: （1） In the situation of day controlling about the stop time in winter, times of garrison in plateau and blood and oxygen saturation lever （SaO2）, the systolic pressure （sBP） is presented and shouldered relevantly winter to control. Present positive correlation with the value of hemoglobin （Hb）;（2） It is stopped that in case of controlling and is garrisoned in the number of times of plateau in winter day and blood and oxygen saturation lever （SaO2） to present positive correlation. Present and shoulder with the hemoglobin （Hb） relevantly.Conclusion: In order to ensure the health of plateau constructors to the maximum extent, should try one’s best to reduce the number of times of returning to the plateau in possible cases. At the same time each one constructs for year and returns to the time that the hinterland concentrates rest should be on above 90 days.

The Influence of Dry or Wet Activating Process to the Electrochemical Features of Biowaste Carbon

The utilization of biowaste to the activated carbon(AC)as electrode material is conducive to alleviating the energy crisis and promoting the high value-added.The popular KOH activation has been applied for years,but rare report clarified the difference of dry and wet activation,with which the batch producing technique could be different.Here nitrogen doped hierarchical AC was derived from wood chip by a wet or dry KOH activation.The surface area,framework structure and surface feature were characterized to reveal the effect of wet and dry activation.1.44 at%of nitrogen doped AC was made by dry KOH activation,which was higher than the AC derived from wet KOH activation with 1.36 at%of nitrogen.Their electrochemical properties were investigated in 6 mol L^(-1)of KOH,the capacitance of wAC was 401 F g^(-1)at 0.5 A g^(-1),but dAC possessed a capacitance of 215 F g^(-1).These indicated that AC obtained by using wet KOH activation displayed a potential application in energy field.

Frustration Education Among Middle school students in QingYuan:A Social Skills Development Program

The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between frustration education and frustration level of middle school students in a city during the 2022-2023 school year.Descriptive correlation analysis was applied to 270 students.Chi-square is a statistical tool used in the study.According to the findings,there are more women than men,and most are from rural areas.The findings suggest that understanding the significant correlation between frustration and educational assessments of social dimensions and overall frustration can provide insight into potential areas for intervention and support.While the academic and instructional dimensions may not be directly related to the level of frustration in this study,it is important to explore other factors that may be contributing to academic frustration or areas where instructional strategies could be improved.A social skills development program aims to address this problem.

室内空间形态几个层面析论

室内空间设计是一门创建适合人类生活环境的综合性艺术和科学。室内空间艺术的存在和发展的最终目的是为人提供适合的生存和生活的场所。人们将线性透视图作为表达空间效果之手段的同时,他们忽略了"时间"这个向度,而将具有延续性的空间画面凝固成苍白的静态瞬间。然而,早在古代中国的画面中,已经体现了时间与空间的关联性。作为与传统绘画有着共同文化底蕴和一脉相承的四维世界观念的建筑,也同样体现出对时空交叠的四度空间的组织和创造。

An Analysis of the Symbolism in Moby Dick

The symbols in Herman Melville′s masterpiec Moby Dick have the characteristics of indefiniteness and multi-sense.Herman Melville used the technique of multiple views to achieve the effect of ambiguity and to express the theme of humanistic relationships with nature.

On the Development of the World's Medical Tourism

Medical tourism can be broadly defined as the need for surgery and other forms of special treatment for patients with cost-effective combination of private health care and tourism services (Macintosh, 2004). It said that this method because of medical care and tourism industry companies to participate and become more convenient, whether public enterprises or private enterprises. With the rapid development of the tourism industry, this particular industry is becoming increasingly popular. The paper will be divided into the following six sections discuss the types of medical tourism in this special tour.

Simulation of temperature distribution in double-row potato ridges mulched with plastic film covered with soil

In Northwest China,potatoes are cultivated on double-rows of each ridge which is mulched with plastic film,and the film is covered with some of soil.While effective in retaining soil moisture,this technique can render the potato seedlings prone to be burned if they are not released from the plastic film in time.In this study,the model of convective heat transfer of potato ridge under solar radiation and atmospheric radiation is established by the Fluent software.The processes of the heat transfer of potato ridge was simulated for a certain day,and the temperature distribution in the potato ridge was monitored over time.The temperature distribution of soil in the growth layer of potato plants was analyzed under different thickness and widths of the covering soil on the film.The results showed that with the increase of covering soil thickness and width,the time for soil at different depth to reach the peak-temperature was delayed,and the daily temperature change of soil where the different depths layer of potato plants growth was reduced.At that time,a binary regression equation of offset temperature was constructed by using the Response Surface Method.The best parameter combination for covering soil on the plastic film is a thickness of 50 mm and a width of 280 mm in the cold and arid areas of Northwest China.However,the offset temperature(PT)first decreased and then almost remained unchanged with the increase of covering soil thickness.Considering the operational efficiency and power consumption of soil covering devices in the field,the unchanged width of the covering soil is 200 mm.The field experiments have shown that a 50 mm thick of soil covering is beneficial for the growth of potato plants and a 200 mm width of soil covering is beneficial for the growth of potato plants.The height of potato plants was 21 cm,and the natural emergence rate of potatoes was 95.8%on June 9,2024.The environment of soil covered could provide theoretical support for the mechanized planting of potatoes.