Simultaneously improving Fusarium head blight(FHB)resistance and grain yield is challenging in wheat breeding.The correlations between spikelet compactness(SC),grain number per spike(GNS),thousandgrain weight(TGW)and ...Simultaneously improving Fusarium head blight(FHB)resistance and grain yield is challenging in wheat breeding.The correlations between spikelet compactness(SC),grain number per spike(GNS),thousandgrain weight(TGW)and FHB resistance remains unclear in common wheat.Identification of major quantitative trait loci(QTL)conferring FHB resistance and yield components,and development of breeder-friendly markers for the QTL are prerequisites for marker-assisted selection(MAS).Here,a recombinant inbred line(RIL)population derived from a cross between a resistant cultivar Yangmai 12(YM12)and a susceptible cultivar Yanzhan 1(YZ1)was used to map QTL for FHB resistance and yield components.A total of 22 QTL were identified;among these,six are likely to be new for corresponding traits.A QTL cluster(Qclu.yas-2D)for FHB type II resistance,SC,GNS,and TGW was detected on chromosome 2D.Breeder-friendly kompetitive allele-specific PCR(KASP)markers flanking the interval of Qclu.yas-2D were developed and validated in a diverse panel of 166 wheat cultivars and advanced lines.The YM12 alleles of Qclu.yas-2D significantly increased FHB resistance,SC,and GNS but decreased TGW in the validation population.The KASP markers developed for Qclu.yas-2D have great potential for breeding high-yielding wheat cultivars with enhanced FHB resistance.展开更多
AIM： To explore the effect of Echinococcusmultilocularis on the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） signaling pathways and on livercell proliferation.METHODS： Changes in the phosphorylation of MA...AIM： To explore the effect of Echinococcusmultilocularis on the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） signaling pathways and on livercell proliferation.METHODS： Changes in the phosphorylation of MAPKs and proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA）expression were measured in the liver of patients withalveolar echinococcosis （AE）. MAPKs, MEK1/2 [MAPK/extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase （ERK）kinase] and ribosomal S6 kinase （RSK） phosphorylationwere detected in primary cultures of rat hepatocytesin contact in vitro with （1） E. multilocu/aris vesicle fluid（EmF）, （2）E. multilocularis-conditioned medium （EmCM）.RESULTS： In the liver of AE patients, ERK 1/2 andp38 MAPK were activated and PCNA expression wasincreased, especially in the vicinity of the metacestode.Upon exposure to EmF, p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase（JNK） and ERK1/2 were also activated in hepatocytesin vitro, as well as MEK1/2 and RSK, in the absenceof any toxic effect. Upon exposure to EmCM, only JNKwas up-regulated.CONCLUSION： Previous studies have demonstratedan influence of the host on the MAPK cascade inE. multilocularis. Our data suggest that the reverse,i.e. parasite-derived signals efficiently acting onMAPK signaling pathways in host liver ceils, is actuallyoperating.展开更多
Purpose: To describe the strategy used for large-scale ophthalmological monitoring in the clinical development of the novel anticancer agent gefitinib (“ Iressa” , ZD1839), an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosi...Purpose: To describe the strategy used for large-scale ophthalmological monitoring in the clinical development of the novel anticancer agent gefitinib (“ Iressa” , ZD1839), an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, which had demonstrated ocular effects in preclinical animal models. Methods: In this extensive clinical trial programme, patients in Phase I and II trials underwent frequent and intensive ophthalmological monitoring at baseline and during the trials. Data were reviewed by an external independent Ophthalmology Advisory Board. Results: Ophthalmological data for 221 patients in Phase I trials of gefitinib and 425 patients in Phase II trials revealed no evidence of any consistent or drug-related ophthalmological toxicity. Interestingly, the baseline data revealed that, in an asymptomatic population, transient ophthalmological events are identified during monitoring. Conclusions: This study reports the methodology and normative data in an ophthalmological screening programme that should prove useful for future studies.展开更多
Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is associated with increased psychological symptoms, early life stressors, and alterations in visceral perception and brain responses to noxious visceral stimuli. The autonom...Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is associated with increased psychological symptoms, early life stressors, and alterations in visceral perception and brain responses to noxious visceral stimuli. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a likely mediator for these brain-gut interactions. The few studies directly examining ANS measures have been suggestive of alterations in some IBS patients, but no studies to date have examined the potentially critical variables of sex differences or response to visceral stimulation. Aims: (1) To test differences in ANS function during rest and during a visceral Stressor (rectosigmoid balloon distension) between IBS patients and healthy control subjects. (2) To examin e the role of sex on the autonomic responses of IBS patients. Methods: Baseline autonomic measures were evaluated from 130 Rome I positive IBS patients and 55 h ealthy control subjects. Data were also collected from a subset of 46 IBS patien ts and 16 healthy control subjects during a sigmoid balloon distension study. He art rate variability measures of peak power ratio (PPR) and peak power high freq uency (PPHF) were analysed to assess sympathetic balance and parasympathetic res ponse, respectively. Peripheral sympathetic response was measured by skin conduc tance. Results: IBS patients showed a greater skin conductance response to visce ral distension than controls. IBS patients had higher PPR and lower PPHF across conditions. Male IBS patients had higher skin conductance and PPR than females a nd lower PPHF. Conclusions: IBS patients have altered autonomic responsiveness t o a visceral stressor, with increased sympathetic and decreased parasympathetic activity. These differences are predominantly seen in males.展开更多
Thirty-six cases originally diagnosed histologically as malignant lymphoma (ML) or anaplastic carcinoma were reexamined immunohistochemically by leukocyte common antigen (LCA) and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). 5/...Thirty-six cases originally diagnosed histologically as malignant lymphoma (ML) or anaplastic carcinoma were reexamined immunohistochemically by leukocyte common antigen (LCA) and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). 5/18 cases originally diagnosed as ' anaplastic carcinoma'' and 'anaplastic carcinoma? (ML to be excluded)' , showed positive staining for LCA and negative for EMA; whereas 3 cases originally diagnosed as malignancy unclassified turned out to be ML, with the relevant assay performed.展开更多
Objective: To investigate the long-term visual results after cataract extract ion in patients with uveitis, and to demonstrate the long-term viability of int raocular lenses. Design: In all, 61 patients (72 eyes), wit...Objective: To investigate the long-term visual results after cataract extract ion in patients with uveitis, and to demonstrate the long-term viability of int raocular lenses. Design: In all, 61 patients (72 eyes), with update clinical exa mination, were retrospectively evaluated. Comparison of preoperative, postoperat ive, and latest visual function including best-corrected Snellen visual acuity, progression of uveitis and its complications, need for postoperative medical or surgical interventions. Results: After a minimum follow-up of 5 years (mean 7 years 7 months), 82%of eyes maintained a visual improvement of two Snellen line s, 74%maintained 6/9 or better, and 14%had 6/18 or worse. The mode acuity was better than 6/6. The prevalence of macular oedema or scarring was 24%, of poste rior capsule opacification 96%, and of glaucoma drainage, 15%. Conclusions: We report the long-term follow-up of cataract extraction and intraocular lens (I OL) implantation performed by a single surgeon on patients with uveitis attendin g a regional tertiary referral uveitis clinic. Using stringent perioperative and postoperative control of inflammation, patients with uveitis usually maintain h igh visual acuity over long-term follow-up. The incidence of sight-threatenin g postoperative complications is low and no ongoing complication has been attrib uted to IOL implantation.展开更多
Purpose: To revisit an important but outmoded periorbital reconstructive technique. We present cases to illustrate the usefulness of the Fricke flap and describe a method of rapid intraoperative tissue expansion (RITE...Purpose: To revisit an important but outmoded periorbital reconstructive technique. We present cases to illustrate the usefulness of the Fricke flap and describe a method of rapid intraoperative tissue expansion (RITE), which can enhance the applicability and effectiveness of the Fricke flap. A comparison between those cases performedwith andwithout adjunctive RITE was not made due to the low numbers available. Methods: A retrospective review of clinical cases. Results: A total of 20 cases in which the Fricke flap was used for periorbital reconstruction were reviewed. The mean patient age was 64.7 years; the male-to-female ratio was 1:1. The patient follow-up ranged from 1 to 8 years with a mean of 4.2 years. The most common cause (65% ) of periorbital defect was excision of eyelid malignancy. Necrosis of the terminal segment of the flap requiring further surgical intervention occurred in 10% (2/20). In both of these cases, the surgeons were trainees, with the complications being due to poor surgical technique. In the first case, the flap base was too narrow and in the second case, the distal end of the flap was thinned excessively. The functional result was excellent in 10/20 (50% ), good in 5/20 (25% ), fair in 3/20 (15% ), and poor in 2/20 (10% ). The cosmetic result was excellent in 3/20 (15% ), good in 12/20 (60% ), fair in 3/20 (15% ), and poor in 2/20 (10% ). Conclusion: The Fricke flap is an important and, in selected cases, an indispensable technique in periorbital reconstruction.展开更多
Aims:The mucopolysaccharidoses(MPS)are a heterogeneous group of rare disorders characterised by accumulation of glycosaminoglycans within multiple organ systems.This study aimed to determine the prevalence and severit...Aims:The mucopolysaccharidoses(MPS)are a heterogeneous group of rare disorders characterised by accumulation of glycosaminoglycans within multiple organ systems.This study aimed to determine the prevalence and severity of ocular complications in patients with MPS.Methods:Clinical ophthalmic features and electrodiagnostic results of 50 patients with a diagnosis of MPS were retrospectively reviewed.Results:A total of 79% of MPS IH patients had a visual acuity of less than 6/12 equivalent in their better eye,compared to 44% of MPS IH/S and 25% of MPS VI patients.In total,16% of MPS IH and 25% of MPS IH/S had severe corneal opacification,compared to 38% of MPS VI patients.16% of MPS IH patients had optic atrophy;21% of MPS VI patients had mild disc swelling,29% had markedly swollen discs,and 14% had optic atrophy.One patient with MPS IH,one with MPS IH/S and six with MPS VI had ocular hypertension.One MPS VI patient had glaucoma that required topical therapy.Nine patients with MPS IH had electrodiagnostic evidence of retinopathy,as did one MPS VI patient.Conclusions:Ocular complications causing significant reduction in vision are common in MPS.The majority of MPS I and MPS VI patients have corneal opacification,which can lead to difficulties in diagnosis and monitoring of glaucoma,optic disc changes,and retinopathy.展开更多
Purpose:Applanation tonometry as performed in routine clinical practice is a significant potential vehicle for cross-infection particularly in an emergency eye care setting.The aim of this study is to evaluate the acc...Purpose:Applanation tonometry as performed in routine clinical practice is a significant potential vehicle for cross-infection particularly in an emergency eye care setting.The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of three single-use devices(Tonoshield,Tonosafe,Tonojet)as an alternative to standard Goldmann prisms in an emergency eye department.Methods:All patients attending the eye casualty at the Manchester Royal Eye Hospital for a period of 4 months who required intraocular pressure measurement were eligible for this prospective study.Exclusion criteria were:age below 18 years,corneal anomalies that might affect measurement,and refusal to participate.After taking informed consent,the patient was examined by one experienced nurse practitioner,who measured the intraocular pressure three times.In the first part of the study,we compared the standard Goldmann prism vs Tonoshield and Tonosafe prisms,while for the second part of the study we used standard Goldmann,Tonosafe,and Tonojet prisms.Agreement and repeatability tests were carried out on separate samples.Results:Tonosafe and Tonojet correlated well with standard Goldmann tonometry(P< 0.001),while the measurements obtained with Tonoshield were higher,especially for raised intraocular pressure measurements.Tonojet and Tonosafe measurements were more reproducible than Tonoshield measurements.Conclusions:This study shows that Tonosafe and Tonojet are accurate and reliable alternatives to standard Goldmann tonometry.展开更多
Purpose: To compare the incidence and severity of all grades of dysphotopsia in three types of acrylic intraocular lenses: the Acrysof MA30 BA and MA60 BM IOLs (Alcon) and the Akreos Fit one-piece IOL (Bausch and Lomb...Purpose: To compare the incidence and severity of all grades of dysphotopsia in three types of acrylic intraocular lenses: the Acrysof MA30 BA and MA60 BM IOLs (Alcon) and the Akreos Fit one-piece IOL (Bausch and Lomb). Methods: In all 111 patients were prospectively recruited who had undergone uncomplicated cataract surgery in the previous 12 months. Patients were assessed using a combination of a questionnaire and standardised provocation test, and were scored on a grading scale of 0-6 (0 indicating no glare and 6 indicating the most severe symptoms). Results: The overall incidence of dysphotopsia was 77.7%. Patients with absent or mild symptoms (scoring 2 or less on the grading scale) were greater in the group implanted with the Akreos IOLs (49/65 eyes, 75%) as opposed to (44/92 eyes, 48%) of the eyes implanted with Acrysof lenses. Patients with more marked symptoms of glare as judged by scores of 5-6 were uncommon, but more prevalent in the Acrysof lenses (12/92 eyes, 13%) compared to the Akreos lenses (3/65 eyes, 4.6%) respectively. Statistically the Mann-Whitney test showed that therewas significantly less dysphotopsia with the Akreos lens when compared to the Acrysof MA30 (P=0.005) and MA60 lenses (P=0.002). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that dysphotopsia symptoms are commonly seen in certain brands of Acrylic IOLs. However, differences in design (not only related to the edge) significantly reduce the incidence of moderate and severe grades of dysphotopic symptoms.展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31901544,32071999)the National Key Research and Development Program of Jiangsu(BE2021335)+2 种基金the Core Provenance Project in Jiangsu(JBGS[2021]047)the Agriculture Science and Technology Innovation Fund in Jiangsu(CX(20)3009)the Scientific Research Special Fund of Lixiahe Institute of Agricultural Sciences(SJ(21)101).
文摘Simultaneously improving Fusarium head blight(FHB)resistance and grain yield is challenging in wheat breeding.The correlations between spikelet compactness(SC),grain number per spike(GNS),thousandgrain weight(TGW)and FHB resistance remains unclear in common wheat.Identification of major quantitative trait loci(QTL)conferring FHB resistance and yield components,and development of breeder-friendly markers for the QTL are prerequisites for marker-assisted selection(MAS).Here,a recombinant inbred line(RIL)population derived from a cross between a resistant cultivar Yangmai 12(YM12)and a susceptible cultivar Yanzhan 1(YZ1)was used to map QTL for FHB resistance and yield components.A total of 22 QTL were identified;among these,six are likely to be new for corresponding traits.A QTL cluster(Qclu.yas-2D)for FHB type II resistance,SC,GNS,and TGW was detected on chromosome 2D.Breeder-friendly kompetitive allele-specific PCR(KASP)markers flanking the interval of Qclu.yas-2D were developed and validated in a diverse panel of 166 wheat cultivars and advanced lines.The YM12 alleles of Qclu.yas-2D significantly increased FHB resistance,SC,and GNS but decreased TGW in the validation population.The KASP markers developed for Qclu.yas-2D have great potential for breeding high-yielding wheat cultivars with enhanced FHB resistance.
基金Supported by A PhD grant from the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs (French Embassy in Beijing) to Ren-Yong Linby a project grant from the "Foundation Transplantation" (2005-2006)+1 种基金by a grant from NSFC, No. 30860253 and 30760239by the Xinjiang Key-Lab project grants on Echinococcosis, No. XJDX0202-2005-01 and XJDX0202-2007-04
文摘AIM： To explore the effect of Echinococcusmultilocularis on the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK） signaling pathways and on livercell proliferation.METHODS： Changes in the phosphorylation of MAPKs and proliferating cell nuclear antigen （PCNA）expression were measured in the liver of patients withalveolar echinococcosis （AE）. MAPKs, MEK1/2 [MAPK/extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase （ERK）kinase] and ribosomal S6 kinase （RSK） phosphorylationwere detected in primary cultures of rat hepatocytesin contact in vitro with （1） E. multilocu/aris vesicle fluid（EmF）, （2）E. multilocularis-conditioned medium （EmCM）.RESULTS： In the liver of AE patients, ERK 1/2 andp38 MAPK were activated and PCNA expression wasincreased, especially in the vicinity of the metacestode.Upon exposure to EmF, p38, c-Jun N-terminal kinase（JNK） and ERK1/2 were also activated in hepatocytesin vitro, as well as MEK1/2 and RSK, in the absenceof any toxic effect. Upon exposure to EmCM, only JNKwas up-regulated.CONCLUSION： Previous studies have demonstratedan influence of the host on the MAPK cascade inE. multilocularis. Our data suggest that the reverse,i.e. parasite-derived signals efficiently acting onMAPK signaling pathways in host liver ceils, is actuallyoperating.
文摘Purpose: To describe the strategy used for large-scale ophthalmological monitoring in the clinical development of the novel anticancer agent gefitinib (“ Iressa” , ZD1839), an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, which had demonstrated ocular effects in preclinical animal models. Methods: In this extensive clinical trial programme, patients in Phase I and II trials underwent frequent and intensive ophthalmological monitoring at baseline and during the trials. Data were reviewed by an external independent Ophthalmology Advisory Board. Results: Ophthalmological data for 221 patients in Phase I trials of gefitinib and 425 patients in Phase II trials revealed no evidence of any consistent or drug-related ophthalmological toxicity. Interestingly, the baseline data revealed that, in an asymptomatic population, transient ophthalmological events are identified during monitoring. Conclusions: This study reports the methodology and normative data in an ophthalmological screening programme that should prove useful for future studies.
文摘Background: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is associated with increased psychological symptoms, early life stressors, and alterations in visceral perception and brain responses to noxious visceral stimuli. The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is a likely mediator for these brain-gut interactions. The few studies directly examining ANS measures have been suggestive of alterations in some IBS patients, but no studies to date have examined the potentially critical variables of sex differences or response to visceral stimulation. Aims: (1) To test differences in ANS function during rest and during a visceral Stressor (rectosigmoid balloon distension) between IBS patients and healthy control subjects. (2) To examin e the role of sex on the autonomic responses of IBS patients. Methods: Baseline autonomic measures were evaluated from 130 Rome I positive IBS patients and 55 h ealthy control subjects. Data were also collected from a subset of 46 IBS patien ts and 16 healthy control subjects during a sigmoid balloon distension study. He art rate variability measures of peak power ratio (PPR) and peak power high freq uency (PPHF) were analysed to assess sympathetic balance and parasympathetic res ponse, respectively. Peripheral sympathetic response was measured by skin conduc tance. Results: IBS patients showed a greater skin conductance response to visce ral distension than controls. IBS patients had higher PPR and lower PPHF across conditions. Male IBS patients had higher skin conductance and PPR than females a nd lower PPHF. Conclusions: IBS patients have altered autonomic responsiveness t o a visceral stressor, with increased sympathetic and decreased parasympathetic activity. These differences are predominantly seen in males.
文摘Thirty-six cases originally diagnosed histologically as malignant lymphoma (ML) or anaplastic carcinoma were reexamined immunohistochemically by leukocyte common antigen (LCA) and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA). 5/18 cases originally diagnosed as ' anaplastic carcinoma'' and 'anaplastic carcinoma? (ML to be excluded)' , showed positive staining for LCA and negative for EMA; whereas 3 cases originally diagnosed as malignancy unclassified turned out to be ML, with the relevant assay performed.
文摘Objective: To investigate the long-term visual results after cataract extract ion in patients with uveitis, and to demonstrate the long-term viability of int raocular lenses. Design: In all, 61 patients (72 eyes), with update clinical exa mination, were retrospectively evaluated. Comparison of preoperative, postoperat ive, and latest visual function including best-corrected Snellen visual acuity, progression of uveitis and its complications, need for postoperative medical or surgical interventions. Results: After a minimum follow-up of 5 years (mean 7 years 7 months), 82%of eyes maintained a visual improvement of two Snellen line s, 74%maintained 6/9 or better, and 14%had 6/18 or worse. The mode acuity was better than 6/6. The prevalence of macular oedema or scarring was 24%, of poste rior capsule opacification 96%, and of glaucoma drainage, 15%. Conclusions: We report the long-term follow-up of cataract extraction and intraocular lens (I OL) implantation performed by a single surgeon on patients with uveitis attendin g a regional tertiary referral uveitis clinic. Using stringent perioperative and postoperative control of inflammation, patients with uveitis usually maintain h igh visual acuity over long-term follow-up. The incidence of sight-threatenin g postoperative complications is low and no ongoing complication has been attrib uted to IOL implantation.
文摘Purpose: To revisit an important but outmoded periorbital reconstructive technique. We present cases to illustrate the usefulness of the Fricke flap and describe a method of rapid intraoperative tissue expansion (RITE), which can enhance the applicability and effectiveness of the Fricke flap. A comparison between those cases performedwith andwithout adjunctive RITE was not made due to the low numbers available. Methods: A retrospective review of clinical cases. Results: A total of 20 cases in which the Fricke flap was used for periorbital reconstruction were reviewed. The mean patient age was 64.7 years; the male-to-female ratio was 1:1. The patient follow-up ranged from 1 to 8 years with a mean of 4.2 years. The most common cause (65% ) of periorbital defect was excision of eyelid malignancy. Necrosis of the terminal segment of the flap requiring further surgical intervention occurred in 10% (2/20). In both of these cases, the surgeons were trainees, with the complications being due to poor surgical technique. In the first case, the flap base was too narrow and in the second case, the distal end of the flap was thinned excessively. The functional result was excellent in 10/20 (50% ), good in 5/20 (25% ), fair in 3/20 (15% ), and poor in 2/20 (10% ). The cosmetic result was excellent in 3/20 (15% ), good in 12/20 (60% ), fair in 3/20 (15% ), and poor in 2/20 (10% ). Conclusion: The Fricke flap is an important and, in selected cases, an indispensable technique in periorbital reconstruction.
文摘Aims:The mucopolysaccharidoses(MPS)are a heterogeneous group of rare disorders characterised by accumulation of glycosaminoglycans within multiple organ systems.This study aimed to determine the prevalence and severity of ocular complications in patients with MPS.Methods:Clinical ophthalmic features and electrodiagnostic results of 50 patients with a diagnosis of MPS were retrospectively reviewed.Results:A total of 79% of MPS IH patients had a visual acuity of less than 6/12 equivalent in their better eye,compared to 44% of MPS IH/S and 25% of MPS VI patients.In total,16% of MPS IH and 25% of MPS IH/S had severe corneal opacification,compared to 38% of MPS VI patients.16% of MPS IH patients had optic atrophy;21% of MPS VI patients had mild disc swelling,29% had markedly swollen discs,and 14% had optic atrophy.One patient with MPS IH,one with MPS IH/S and six with MPS VI had ocular hypertension.One MPS VI patient had glaucoma that required topical therapy.Nine patients with MPS IH had electrodiagnostic evidence of retinopathy,as did one MPS VI patient.Conclusions:Ocular complications causing significant reduction in vision are common in MPS.The majority of MPS I and MPS VI patients have corneal opacification,which can lead to difficulties in diagnosis and monitoring of glaucoma,optic disc changes,and retinopathy.
文摘Purpose:Applanation tonometry as performed in routine clinical practice is a significant potential vehicle for cross-infection particularly in an emergency eye care setting.The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy and reliability of three single-use devices(Tonoshield,Tonosafe,Tonojet)as an alternative to standard Goldmann prisms in an emergency eye department.Methods:All patients attending the eye casualty at the Manchester Royal Eye Hospital for a period of 4 months who required intraocular pressure measurement were eligible for this prospective study.Exclusion criteria were:age below 18 years,corneal anomalies that might affect measurement,and refusal to participate.After taking informed consent,the patient was examined by one experienced nurse practitioner,who measured the intraocular pressure three times.In the first part of the study,we compared the standard Goldmann prism vs Tonoshield and Tonosafe prisms,while for the second part of the study we used standard Goldmann,Tonosafe,and Tonojet prisms.Agreement and repeatability tests were carried out on separate samples.Results:Tonosafe and Tonojet correlated well with standard Goldmann tonometry(P< 0.001),while the measurements obtained with Tonoshield were higher,especially for raised intraocular pressure measurements.Tonojet and Tonosafe measurements were more reproducible than Tonoshield measurements.Conclusions:This study shows that Tonosafe and Tonojet are accurate and reliable alternatives to standard Goldmann tonometry.
文摘Purpose: To compare the incidence and severity of all grades of dysphotopsia in three types of acrylic intraocular lenses: the Acrysof MA30 BA and MA60 BM IOLs (Alcon) and the Akreos Fit one-piece IOL (Bausch and Lomb). Methods: In all 111 patients were prospectively recruited who had undergone uncomplicated cataract surgery in the previous 12 months. Patients were assessed using a combination of a questionnaire and standardised provocation test, and were scored on a grading scale of 0-6 (0 indicating no glare and 6 indicating the most severe symptoms). Results: The overall incidence of dysphotopsia was 77.7%. Patients with absent or mild symptoms (scoring 2 or less on the grading scale) were greater in the group implanted with the Akreos IOLs (49/65 eyes, 75%) as opposed to (44/92 eyes, 48%) of the eyes implanted with Acrysof lenses. Patients with more marked symptoms of glare as judged by scores of 5-6 were uncommon, but more prevalent in the Acrysof lenses (12/92 eyes, 13%) compared to the Akreos lenses (3/65 eyes, 4.6%) respectively. Statistically the Mann-Whitney test showed that therewas significantly less dysphotopsia with the Akreos lens when compared to the Acrysof MA30 (P=0.005) and MA60 lenses (P=0.002). Conclusion: This study demonstrates that dysphotopsia symptoms are commonly seen in certain brands of Acrylic IOLs. However, differences in design (not only related to the edge) significantly reduce the incidence of moderate and severe grades of dysphotopic symptoms.
