Relationships among Sedentary Time,Electronic Product Addiction,and Depression in Adolescents during the COVID-19 Epidemic:A Cross-Lagged Study

Objective:This study was conducted to explore the relationships among sedentary behavior(SB),electronic product addiction(EPA),and depression(D)in adolescents during the COVID-19 epidemic.Methods:A total of 604 adolescents(including 309 girls and 295 boys aged 12-18)were selected from Qufu City,Shandong Province,China for three rounds of investigation.The model was constructed using AMOS 23.0 software,and cross-lagged analysis was conducted.Results:SB at T1 can significantly positively predict SB and EPA at T2(p<0.05).EPA at T1 can significantly positively predict SB and D at T2(p<0.05).Physical activity level and SB at T2 can significantly predict SB and EPA at T3(p<0.05).EPA at T2 can significantly predict SB,EPA,and D at T3(p<0.05).Conclusions:SB and EPA are predictive factors for D.Moreover,SB can significantly positively predict D and indirectly predict D through the mediating effect of EPA.

Occurrence Dynamics and Countermeasure of Wheat Crown Rot in Weifang City

Wheat crown rot was first found in Weifang City in 2015,and now has become a major disease of wheat,showing an aggravating trend year by year.The author investigated the occurrence area and characteristics of wheat crown rot in Weifang City over the past 5 years,and analyzed the causes of the disease.The disease was mainly related to variety resistance and farming system.According to the occurrence regularity of the disease,a set of comprehensive control measures were put forward.

Synergic effect of covalent and chemical sulfur fixation enhancing the immobilization-conversion of polysulfides in lithium-sulfur batteries

Lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)are promising as the next generation energy storage options.However,their wide applications have been technically challenged by the diffusion losses of polysulfides and polysulfide shuttle effect.In this work,the small organic molecules of 2,5-dichloropyrazine(2,5-DCP)were combined with Co-doped carbon(CoA NAC)flakes to achieve the synergic effect of the covalent and chemical sulfur fixation,so as that the immobilization-conversion of polysulfides in LSBs was greatly enhanced.More specifically,the nucleophilic substitution of the 2,5-DCP additive in the electrolyte with polysulfides formed the CAS bonds.Through the further covalent N-Li bonds between the N atoms in 2,5-DCP and polysulfides,sulfur fixation was achieved in the form of solid organosulfur.Meanwhile,the CoA NAC flakes served as the sulfur cathode to chemically anchor the polysulfides.The interaction mechanism between CoA NAC/2,5-DCP and polysulfides was explored by the density functional theory(DFT)calculations and in-situ infrared spectroscopy.The results showed that the optimal“with 2,5-DCP”sample-assembled LSB exhibited an initial discharge specific capacity of 1244 mA h g^(-1)at 0.2C,and a capacity decay rate of 0.053%per cycle was displayed after 800 cycles at 1C.The good cycling stability with a high sulfur-loaded electrode sample suggested that the synergic effect of covalent/chemical sulfur fixation enabled the enhancement of polysulfides immobilization-conversion in LSBs.

Research Progress on Acupuncture Therapy in Infertility: A Bibliometric Analysis from 2000 to 2021

Objective: To investigate the research progress and new trend of acupuncture in the treatment of infertility from 2000 to 2021. Methods: The literature review was conducted on acupuncture and moxibustion treatment of infertility from 2000 to 2021 from the Web of Science core collection and PubMed. CiteSpace and VOSviewer were used to analyze the annual number of articles, countries, institutions, authors, journals, references and keywords. Statistical Analysis Toolkit for Informetrics 3.2 (SATI) and IBM SPSS Modeler 18.0 were employed to draw the maps of core acupoints and acupuncture approaches. Results: A total of 316 articles were included. From 2000 to 2021 the number of publications has been ever increased with certain fluctuations. The United States was the most productive country. Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine was the most active institution. Stener-Victorin E was the highest cited author. Fertility and Sterility was the most prolific journal. Paulus We, 2002 was the highest co-citation literature. SP6 (Sanyinjiao) was the most commonly used acupoint. Manual acupuncture was the most commonly used method. Conclusions: The study of acupuncture in the treatment of infertility is characterized by multinational, multi-institutional participation and close regional cooperation. Acupuncture is a potentially effective therapy for infertility. Due to a lack of research quality and difficulties in performing double-blind, high-quality clinical evidence is urgently required. A complete acupuncture therapy system for infertility should be gradually constructed.

Seasonal Changes in Phytoplankton Biomass and Dominant Species in the Changjiang River Estuary and Adjacent Seas:General Trends Based on Field Survey Data 1959-2009

The characteristics of seasonal variation in phytoplankton biomass and dominant species in the Changjiang River Estuary and adjacent seas were discussed based on field investigation data from 1959 to 2009. The field data from 1981 to 2004 showed that the Chlorophyll-a concentration in surface seawater was between 0.4 and 8.5 μg dm-3. The seasonal changes generally presented a bimodal trend, with the biomass peaks occurring in May and August, and Chlorophyll-a concentration was the lowest in winter. Seasonal biomass changes were mainly controlled by temperature and nutrient levels. From the end of autumn to the next early spring, phytoplankton biomass was mainly influenced by temperature, and in other seasons, nutrient level(including the nutrient supply from the terrestrial runoffs) was the major influence factor. Field investigation data from 1959 to 2009 demonstrated that diatoms were the main phytoplankton in this area, and Skeletonema costatum, Pseudo-nitzschia pungens, Coscinodiscus oculus-iridis, Thalassinoema nitzschioides, Paralia sulcata, Chaetoceros lorenzianus, Chaetoceros curvisetus, and Prorocentrum donghaiense Lu were common dominant species. The seasonal variations in major dominant phytoplankton species presented the following trends: 1) Skeletonema(mainly S. costatum) was dominant throughout the year; and 2) seasonal succession trends were Coscinodiscus(spring) →Chaetoceros(summer and autumn) → Coscinodiscus(winter). The annual dominance of S. costatum was attributed to its environmental eurytopicity and long standing time in surface waters. The seasonal succession of Coscinodiscus and Chaetoceros was associated with the seasonal variation in water stability and nutrient level in this area. On the other hand, long-term field data also indicated obvious interannual variation of phytoplankton biomass and community structure in the Changjiang River Estuary and adjacent seas: average annual phytoplankton biomass and dinoflagellate proportion both presented increased trends during the 1950 s-2000 s.

Effects of magnesium on the performance of sows and their piglets

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplemental magnesium （Mg） on the performance of gilts and parity 3 sows and their piglets. Fifty-six grits （Trial 1） and 56 sows （Trial 2） were assigned to one of 4 treatments according to their mating weight, respectively. The treatments comprised corn-soybean meal based gestation and lactation diets （0.21% magnesium） supplemented with 0, 0.015, 0.03, or 0.045% Mg from mating until weaning. The results showed that magnesium supplementation significantly （P 〈 0.05） reduced the weaning to estrus interval in both gilts and sows. There were significant effects （P 〈 0.05） of supplemental magnesium on the total number of piglets born, born alive and weaned in sows. In late gestation and lactation, the digestibility of crude fiber （quadratic effects, P 〈 0.05）, and crude protein （P 〈 0.05）, were significantly influenced by magnesium in gilts and sows, respectively. There were differences among the 4 groups in terms of the apparent digestibility of dry matter and crude fiber in sows （P 〈 0.0S） during both early and late gestation. The apparent digestibility of gross energy was increased for sows in late gestation （P 〈 0.05）, and lactation （quadratic effects, P 〈 0.0S）. At farrowing and weaning, serum prolactin levels and alkaline phosphate activities linearly increased in sows as the Mg supplementation increased （P 〈 0.0.5）. Serum Mg of sows at farrowing and serum urea nitrogen of sows at weaning was significantly influenced by Mg supplementation （P 〈 0.05）. The Mg concentration in sow colostrum and the serum of their piglets were increased by supplemental magnesium （P 〈 0.05）. In addition, growth hormone levels were linearly elevated （P 〈 0.05） in the serum of piglets suckling sows. Our data demonstrated that supplemental magnesium has the potential to improve the reproduction performance of sows, and the suitable supplemental dose ranged from 0.015% to 0.03%.

Effect of Light on Flavonoids Biosynthesis in Red Rice Rdh

The effect of light on flavonoids biosynthesis in red rice Rdh was studied. The panicles of red rice Rdh produced colorless caryopses after darkness treatment; and these colorless caryopses displayed bright-red after vanillin treatment, but did not display red color after light inducing for 15 days, suggesting that red rice Rdh could produce leucoanthocyanidin, but could not produce polyproanthocyanidins in darkness. Histological study revealed that the aleurone layers of Rdh colorless caryopses displayed bright-red after vanillin assay, but the pericarp and seed coat layers did not display color change, which indicated that the aleurone layers could accumulate precursors of polyproanthocyanidins in darkness, but the pericarp and seed coat could not. Additionally, color ofRdh caryopses changed from green in immaturity to red in maturity, and the green caryopses changed color from green to red gradually indoor for 7 days after harvest, suggesting that leucoanthocyanidins could synthesize polyproanthocyanidins. It was concluded that light was necessary for red pigment biosynthesis in red rice Rdh, leucoanthocyanidins biosyntheses in the aleurone layers did not need light, leucoanthocyanidins biosynthesis in pericarp and seed coat needed light inducing, the effect of leucoanthocyanidin biosynthesis in Rdh to light had tissue specificity.

Effect of different machinery and rolling times on the microbial activity of reclamation soil in coal area

Mechanical construction will put influence on the biological characters of reclaimed soils,as well as the soil quality.In order to explore the changing rule of soil microbial quantity and respiratory capacity under different construction machineries and rolling times,and find the optimal processing conditions,an experiment was set up and a simulation experimental area was chosen,in which we simulated the main types of reclamation in coal mine area.After 2 years’natural aging,we collected surface soil samples(0-20 cm)that can be used for experimental analysis.The result shows that changing rules of soil biological factors are different with different construction machineries,and soil properties are closest to the normal soil when adopting the combination of“crawler dozer×5 compaction times”and“dump truck×3 compaction times”,which shows that the soil quality is better under this condition.

Role of mesenchymal stem cell derived extracellular vesicles in autoimmunity: A systematic review

BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs)have been reported to possess immune regulatory effects in innate and adaptive immune reactions.MSCs can mediate intercellular communications by releasing extracellular vesicles(EVs),which deliver functional molecules to targeted cells.MSC derived EVs(MSC-EVs)confer altering effects on many immune cells,including T lymphocytes,B lymphocytes,natural killer cells,dendritic cells,and macrophages.A large number of studies have suggested that MSC-EVs participate in regulating autoimmunity related diseases.This characteristic of MSC-EVs makes them be potential biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of autoimmunity related diseases.AIM To verify the potential of MSC-EVs for molecular targeted therapy of autoimmunity related diseases.METHODS Literature search was conducted in PubMed to retrieve the articles published between 2010 and 2020 in the English language.The keywords,such as“MSCs,”“EVs,”“exosome,”“autoimmunity,”“tumor immunity,”and“transplantation immunity,”and Boolean operator“AND”and“NOT”coalesced admirably to be used for searching studies on the specific molecular mechanisms of MSC-EVs in many immune cell types and many autoimmunity related diseases.Studies that did not investigate the molecular mechanisms of MSC-EVs in the occurrence and development of autoimmune diseases were excluded.RESULTS A total of 96 articles were chosen for final reference lists.After analyzing those publications,we found that it had been well documented that MSC-EVs have the ability to induce multiple immune cells,like T lymphocytes,B lymphocytes,natural killer cells,dendritic cells,and macrophages,to regulate immune responses in innate immunity and adaptive immunity.Many validated EVsdelivered molecules have been identified as key biomarkers,such as proteins,lipids,and nucleotides.Some EVs-encapsulated functional molecules can serve as promising therapeutic targets particularly for autoimmune disease.CONCLUSION MSC-EVs play an equally important part in the differentiation,activation,and proliferation of immune cells,and they may become potential biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment of autoimmunity related diseases.

Research Progress of Ig Y Application in Immunoassay

Immunoglobulin of yolk( IgY) is the major antibody in birds,reptiles and amphibian,which is generally extracted from yolk of immunized hen,with a biological role similar to mammal Ig G. Compared with IgG,IgY has many significant characters. It is extensively applied in production of polyclonal antibodies against various antigens,immunoassay and immunotherapy,and many medical areas in both animals and human. This article summarized research progress of IgY application in immunoassay.

Design and Implementation of Embedded Web Server in Industrial Control Systems

In the traditional project of industry control, the field operator is the only man who watches production condition at the production spot. Enterprise administers cannot obtain real-time production status and make real-time decision if they don’t reach the production spot. Because of the development of Embedded Web Server such status is being changed. The remote monitor and control mode based on Embedded Web Server provides complete exact real-time information for managers, and makes it possible to make a decision in real time. In the paper, the design and implements of Embedded Web Server are presented and the key realization technology of it is described in detail. EWS (Embedded Web Server) will effectively lower system operating cost and improve maintaining efficiency, which has wide application prospect and popularization value in industrial control systems.

Influences of the tank liquid lateral sloshing and mass time-varying on high clearance self-propelled sprayer ride comfort

To explore the influence of the lateral sloshing and the time-varying mass of the liquid in the tank on the ride comfort of the high-clearance sprayer,a spring-mass-damping equivalent mechanics that can describe the lateral sloshing of the liquid under different filling ratios was constructed based on the equivalent criterion.The Fluent was used to simulate the moment acting on the wall of the tank by the lateral sloshing of the liquid,and then the parameters of the equivalent mechanical model are obtained by fitting and solving.Comparative analysis of Fluent simulation and bench test on lateral sloshing of tank liquid under different filling ratios.The results show that the lateral sloshing trend of the tank liquid level obtained from the Fluent simulation and the bench test was consistent,which proved the accuracy of the Fluent fluid simulation process and the correctness of the required equivalent mechanical model parameters.Incorporating a liquid sloshing equivalent model,a four-degree-of-freedom vertical dynamic model of the sprayer half-car was established.Subsequently,the performance of the sprayer was systematically analyzed and compared under the excitation of a bump road and a random E-level road.This investigation took into account varying liquid filling ratios of 10%,50%,and 90%.The focus lay on evaluating the vertical acceleration of the sprayer body,dynamic deflection of the suspension,and dynamic load on the tires in response to these road conditions.This analysis is conducted independently of the liquid sloshing factor.The results show that the lateral sloshing of the liquid medicine significantly reduces the ride smoothness of the machine,and makes the vibration response of the machine produce a certain hysteresis effect.With the reduction of the quality of the liquid medicine in the spray tank,the vibration amplitude of the sprayer body gradually decreases,the hysteresis effect is also gradually weakened.The results presented in this study offer a theoretical foundation for the analysis of ride comfort and the optimization of chassis structure in high-clearance sprayers.

Phase behavior and properties of salt-free cationic/anionic surfactant mixtures of oleic acid and stearic acid

Cationic base surfactant, tetradecyltrimethylammonium hydroxide (TTAOH), can be obtained through anion exchange from tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTABr). Salt-free cationic and anionic (catanionic) surfactant mixtures were studied by mixing TTAOH with oleic acid (OA) or stearic acid (SA) in water. The phase behavior of TTAOH/OA/H2O is compared with that of TTAOH/SA/H2O. It was found that the phase behavior of TTAOH/OA/H2O and TTAOH/SA/H2O system differs from each other due to the existence of the unsaturated double carbon bond (C=C) in OA. At fixed total surfactant concentration (25 mg/mL) of TTAOH/OA/H2O system at 25℃, one can observe an isotropic L1 phase, and a L1/Lα two-phase region with increasing OA content. The volume of top turbid Lα phase increases while the bottom phase changes gradually from transparently clear to a bit turbid until a single Lα-phase is reached. Finally at high OA concentration, excess OA is separated from the bulk aqueous solutions. TTAOH/SA/H2O system usually forms white precipitating at 25℃ due to the high chain melting temperature of SA. When heated to 60℃, however, the state of samples changes. At fixed total surfactant concentration of 25 mg/mL, an isotropic L1 phase and a milk-white or bluish Lα-phase are observed with increasing SA concentration. Transparent thin layers which are strongly birefringent form at the tops of some samples within the Lα-phase region. Finally, at high SA concentration, excess SA is separated from the bulk aqueous solutions. In addition to phase behavior study, we also measured the conductivity of TTAOH/OA/H2O system at 25℃ and TTAOH/SA/H2O system at 60℃, respectively. Surface tension and rheological measurements were also performed on typical samples.

Poly(thioether)-b-polysiloxane-b-poly(thioether)triblock copolymer towards homogeneous dielectric elastomer with high dielectric performance

Dielectric elastomers(DEs)have drawn much attention owing to their application prospects in artificial muscles and soft robotics,it is still a big challenge to prepare DEs with high electromechanical performances.This work reports a highly stretchable poly(thioether)-b-polysiloxane-b-poly(thioether)triblock copolymer based homogenous DEs with high electromechanical properties.The triblock copolymer(PSiPGE)was synthesized through the ring-opening polymerization(ROP)of phenyl glycidyl ether(PGE)and carbonyl sulfide(COS)catalyzed by silicon alkoxides.The dipoles(benzene rings)on the side groups of PSiPGE improved the dipole polarizations and the phase separation structure of this triblock copolymer enhanced the interfacial polarizations between poly(thioether)and polysiloxane,and thus improving the dielectric constant(ε',up to 5.8).In addition,the PSiPGE exhibited low elastic modulus(Y,0.04 MPa),and thus possessed high electromechanical sensitivity(β,~145 MPa^(-1)) which is much higher than that of most homogenous DEs.This work provides a new strategy to construct homogenous DEs with excellent electromechanical performances,leading to a greater application aspect in the actuated devices.

Quantum Discord in Two-Qubit System Constructed from the Yang-Baxter Equation

Quantum correlations among parts of a composite quantum system are a fundamental resource for several applications in quantum information. In general, quantum discord can measure quantum correlations. In that way,we investigate the quantum discord of the two-qubit system constructed from the Yang–Baxter Equation. The density matrix of this system is generated through the unitary Yang–Baxter matrix R. The analytical expression and numerical result of quantum discord and geometric measure of quantum discord are obtained for the Yang–Baxter system. These results show that quantum discord and geometric measure of quantum discord are only connect with the parameter θ,which is the important spectral parameter in Yang–Baxter equation.

Effect of OH^- on fluorescence properties in 1.5-1.6 μm for Er:Yb:YCOB crystal

FTIR absorption spectra indicate that H^+can easily enter the crystal structure and form OH^-centers in Er:Yb:YCOB and O-H bonds prefer to lie in the a-c plane.Within our current studied concentration level,crystal samples with higher OH-abso rption coefficie nts demonstrate stro nger fluo rescence intensity and longer fluorescence lifetime at 1535 nm.As the stretching vibration energy of OH-group approximately corresponds to the energy gap between the 4 I11/2 and 4 I13/2 levels of Er^3+,and thus,OH^-ions can shorten the fluorescence lifetime of Er^3+-4I11/2 level by the phonon-assisted cross-relaxation process between the Er^3+and OH-ions.Our curre nt results confirm that a certain conte nt of OH ions can enhance the ene rgy transfer process from Yb^3+to Er^3+and subsequently promote fluorescence output in 1.5-1.6μm.

Rebels Lead to the Doctrine of the Mean: A Heterogeneous DeGroot Model

The DeGroot model is one of the most classical models in the field of opinion dynamics. The standard DeGroot model assumes that agents are homogeneous and update their opinions in the direction of a weighted average of their neighbors'opinions.One natural question is whether a second type of agents could significantly change the main properties of the model.The authors address this question by introducing rebels,who update their opinions toward the opposite of their neighbors' weighted average.The authors find that the existence of rebels remarkably affects the opinion dynamics. Under certain mild conditions,the existence of a few rebels will lead the group opinion to the golden mean,regardless of the initial opinions of the agents and the structure of the learning network.This result is completely different from that of the standard DeGroot model,where the final consensus opinion is determined by both the initial opinions and the learning topology.The study then provides new insights into understanding how heterogeneous individuals in a group reach consensus and why the golden mean is so common in human society.