Climate change has many effects on biodiversity.Few studies have focused on the consequences of climate change on biodiversity in West Africa Sahel which is one of the most sensitive regions to climate change.Thus,thi...Climate change has many effects on biodiversity.Few studies have focused on the consequences of climate change on biodiversity in West Africa Sahel which is one of the most sensitive regions to climate change.Thus,this study examined the different effects of climate change on biodiversity in West Africa Sahel to guide climate policies.The authors used Google Scholar,Mendeley,ResearchGate,Science-direct,and selected websites of institutions in West Africa and the Sahel for the literature review,with selected keywords in French and English via Boolean operators from 2000 to 2022.The results identified many manifestations of climate change such as drought,lightning,floods,high winds,heavy rains,diseases,extreme heat,and conflicts that affect living things in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in these regions.For example,15,000 animals died in Niger and 26,000 in Mali due to flood-related events.In Burkina,41 people died,112 injured,and 12,378 households were left homeless in 13 regions.In Senegal,water stress in the basin is increasingly close to 5,800 m^(3) per person per year.Demographic pressure and planned irrigation projects along Niger and Senegal Rivers have resulted in a significant 25%-60%decline in flows over the past 30 years,causing increasingly severe low flows,frequent interruptions in water flows,drying up of reservoirs and reduced water supply to cities.Rainwater harvesting,afforestation,soil fertility regeneration practices and crop diversification are some biodiversity restoration activities limiting climate change effects in the Sahelian countries of West Africa.These practices have contributed to strengthening the resilience of ecosystems in most of communities.However,priority should be given to policies that raise communities’awareness on the importance of biodiversity conservation and take sustainable and innovative measures to deal with the consequences of floods,droughts,and heat waves,which are the most severe.展开更多
Over the past 50 years,a number of homegrown solutions and international development assistance have been initiated and implemented to address the West Africa Sahel region’s biodiversity resources decline.This ranges...Over the past 50 years,a number of homegrown solutions and international development assistance have been initiated and implemented to address the West Africa Sahel region’s biodiversity resources decline.This ranges from indigenous/community led natural resources regeneration and land restoration techniques,funding and technical support in developing protected areas,military aid,specialized training of forest rangers and massive education of populace on biodiversity protection.Terrorist activities have negatively affected the biodiversity management in West Africa Sahel.However,there is a paucity of information about the impacts of terrorist activities on biodiversity management in West Africa.Therefore,this study tries to close this knowledge gap by describing and highlighting the impact of terrorism on biodiversity in West Africa Sahel.The authors used a systematic review of data through search engines like Google scholar,Z-library,Mendeley,Researchgate and Jstor for reports,scientific articles,books,field notes and other already published materials.The authors also consulted videos and media reports on YouTube,France24,PBS news etc.The study highlighted the key impacts of terrorist activities on biodiversity management.Some of these include the kidnaping of foresters,hijacking and controlling the management protected area like the case of Park W,destroying forest/bush fires,the use of explosive and poaching.These activities destroy animals’habitats and therefore causing biodiversity depletion.The authors recommend the enhancement of the framework of protect areas,enhance the management of conflicts between population around protected areas as some sustainable solutions to biodiversity management.The Sahel states should strengthen their cooperation in building the capacities of the citizens in reducing the viability of terrorism through sustainable green jobs.展开更多
Fish farming is considered an important agricultural activity that is capable of ending nutritional deficiencies of the world and contributing to poverty reduction.Its proponents argue that aquaculture will meet the f...Fish farming is considered an important agricultural activity that is capable of ending nutritional deficiencies of the world and contributing to poverty reduction.Its proponents argue that aquaculture will meet the food security needs of millions of people in developing countries who will benefit from relatively inexpensive protein,while depleted capture fisheries are allowed to replenish.Egypt is Africa’s leading aquaculture country,followed by Nigeria with similar production systems.The dominant species of fish cultured in Egypt and Nigeria are Tilapia and African catfish,respectively.The aquaculture industries in these two counties are very promising,as there is a presence of water bodies,some institutional commitment,and high demand for fish among others.Despite some gains made by the countries and the huge potential of the aquaculture sector,it is however bedeviled with constraints such as low technology adoption,inadequate supply of fingerlings,high cost of fish feed,etc.This work is an overview of the aquaculture sectors of Egypt and Nigeria,which includes the production systems,prospects,and potentials of the sector and the constraints that affect aquaculture.展开更多
文摘Climate change has many effects on biodiversity.Few studies have focused on the consequences of climate change on biodiversity in West Africa Sahel which is one of the most sensitive regions to climate change.Thus,this study examined the different effects of climate change on biodiversity in West Africa Sahel to guide climate policies.The authors used Google Scholar,Mendeley,ResearchGate,Science-direct,and selected websites of institutions in West Africa and the Sahel for the literature review,with selected keywords in French and English via Boolean operators from 2000 to 2022.The results identified many manifestations of climate change such as drought,lightning,floods,high winds,heavy rains,diseases,extreme heat,and conflicts that affect living things in terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems in these regions.For example,15,000 animals died in Niger and 26,000 in Mali due to flood-related events.In Burkina,41 people died,112 injured,and 12,378 households were left homeless in 13 regions.In Senegal,water stress in the basin is increasingly close to 5,800 m^(3) per person per year.Demographic pressure and planned irrigation projects along Niger and Senegal Rivers have resulted in a significant 25%-60%decline in flows over the past 30 years,causing increasingly severe low flows,frequent interruptions in water flows,drying up of reservoirs and reduced water supply to cities.Rainwater harvesting,afforestation,soil fertility regeneration practices and crop diversification are some biodiversity restoration activities limiting climate change effects in the Sahelian countries of West Africa.These practices have contributed to strengthening the resilience of ecosystems in most of communities.However,priority should be given to policies that raise communities’awareness on the importance of biodiversity conservation and take sustainable and innovative measures to deal with the consequences of floods,droughts,and heat waves,which are the most severe.
文摘Over the past 50 years,a number of homegrown solutions and international development assistance have been initiated and implemented to address the West Africa Sahel region’s biodiversity resources decline.This ranges from indigenous/community led natural resources regeneration and land restoration techniques,funding and technical support in developing protected areas,military aid,specialized training of forest rangers and massive education of populace on biodiversity protection.Terrorist activities have negatively affected the biodiversity management in West Africa Sahel.However,there is a paucity of information about the impacts of terrorist activities on biodiversity management in West Africa.Therefore,this study tries to close this knowledge gap by describing and highlighting the impact of terrorism on biodiversity in West Africa Sahel.The authors used a systematic review of data through search engines like Google scholar,Z-library,Mendeley,Researchgate and Jstor for reports,scientific articles,books,field notes and other already published materials.The authors also consulted videos and media reports on YouTube,France24,PBS news etc.The study highlighted the key impacts of terrorist activities on biodiversity management.Some of these include the kidnaping of foresters,hijacking and controlling the management protected area like the case of Park W,destroying forest/bush fires,the use of explosive and poaching.These activities destroy animals’habitats and therefore causing biodiversity depletion.The authors recommend the enhancement of the framework of protect areas,enhance the management of conflicts between population around protected areas as some sustainable solutions to biodiversity management.The Sahel states should strengthen their cooperation in building the capacities of the citizens in reducing the viability of terrorism through sustainable green jobs.
文摘Fish farming is considered an important agricultural activity that is capable of ending nutritional deficiencies of the world and contributing to poverty reduction.Its proponents argue that aquaculture will meet the food security needs of millions of people in developing countries who will benefit from relatively inexpensive protein,while depleted capture fisheries are allowed to replenish.Egypt is Africa’s leading aquaculture country,followed by Nigeria with similar production systems.The dominant species of fish cultured in Egypt and Nigeria are Tilapia and African catfish,respectively.The aquaculture industries in these two counties are very promising,as there is a presence of water bodies,some institutional commitment,and high demand for fish among others.Despite some gains made by the countries and the huge potential of the aquaculture sector,it is however bedeviled with constraints such as low technology adoption,inadequate supply of fingerlings,high cost of fish feed,etc.This work is an overview of the aquaculture sectors of Egypt and Nigeria,which includes the production systems,prospects,and potentials of the sector and the constraints that affect aquaculture.
