In this study,a cradle-to-gate life-cycle assessment(LCA)of Oregon-made cross-laminated timber(CLT)was conducted as per the ISO guidelines.Primary data pertaining to CLT manufacturing was collected from a production f...In this study,a cradle-to-gate life-cycle assessment(LCA)of Oregon-made cross-laminated timber(CLT)was conducted as per the ISO guidelines.Primary data pertaining to CLT manufacturing was collected from a production facility in Oregon and modeled with existing LCA data of Pacific Northwest softwood lumber production and harvesting operations.Primary energy is reported and encompasses all processes within the system boundary.Carbon emissions are reported and include fossil-based emissions from transportation and all production processes and carbon storage in CLT.LCA results are presented for five impact categories,primary energy consumption,and net carbon impact of CLT.Results show the environmental advantage of CLT due to storing of large amounts of biogenic carbon in a building structure for a lifetime.The amount of carbon stored in CLT offsets the emissions released from all production processes;this indicates that CLT is a net negative carbon emitter,as more carbon is stored in the product than is emitted to produce the product.This study shows the importance of using the LCA methodology for showing the net amount and type of energy used for production and the potential climatic impacts of using wood products.This LCA study makes no comparative assertions.展开更多
The objective of this study was to analyze the environmental performance of different wood structural assemblies for residential buildings.Two structural systems(a traditional timber frame and a light-frame)were compa...The objective of this study was to analyze the environmental performance of different wood structural assemblies for residential buildings.Two structural systems(a traditional timber frame and a light-frame)were compared together with alternate material options for each system.Environmental impacts were determined using the Athena Impact Estimator for Buildings software.Design alterations for generalization were made to an existing timber frame(TF)structure used as the basis of this analysis,and an equivalent light-frame(LF)structure was designed based on the International Residential Code(IRC).Environmental impacts observed include total energy consumption,fossil fuel consumption,global warming potential(GWP),and wood fiber use.All analyses were considered cradle-to-gate,including the manufacturing and construction life-cycle stages.Results show how GWP is linked to both fossil fuel consumption and wood fiber use,and how ultimate environmental impact is driven by energy source.Environmental impacts of structures are driven by material choice,and levels of carbon stored in structural wood serve to decrease GWP.Of the structural assemblies analyzed,the most traditional TF structure outperformed all other options in almost every measure.展开更多
基金the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture’s UW-SEFS McIntire-Stennis grant,project no.WNZ-04162015-GE-Accession No.1006435,for funding this this work.
文摘In this study,a cradle-to-gate life-cycle assessment(LCA)of Oregon-made cross-laminated timber(CLT)was conducted as per the ISO guidelines.Primary data pertaining to CLT manufacturing was collected from a production facility in Oregon and modeled with existing LCA data of Pacific Northwest softwood lumber production and harvesting operations.Primary energy is reported and encompasses all processes within the system boundary.Carbon emissions are reported and include fossil-based emissions from transportation and all production processes and carbon storage in CLT.LCA results are presented for five impact categories,primary energy consumption,and net carbon impact of CLT.Results show the environmental advantage of CLT due to storing of large amounts of biogenic carbon in a building structure for a lifetime.The amount of carbon stored in CLT offsets the emissions released from all production processes;this indicates that CLT is a net negative carbon emitter,as more carbon is stored in the product than is emitted to produce the product.This study shows the importance of using the LCA methodology for showing the net amount and type of energy used for production and the potential climatic impacts of using wood products.This LCA study makes no comparative assertions.
文摘The objective of this study was to analyze the environmental performance of different wood structural assemblies for residential buildings.Two structural systems(a traditional timber frame and a light-frame)were compared together with alternate material options for each system.Environmental impacts were determined using the Athena Impact Estimator for Buildings software.Design alterations for generalization were made to an existing timber frame(TF)structure used as the basis of this analysis,and an equivalent light-frame(LF)structure was designed based on the International Residential Code(IRC).Environmental impacts observed include total energy consumption,fossil fuel consumption,global warming potential(GWP),and wood fiber use.All analyses were considered cradle-to-gate,including the manufacturing and construction life-cycle stages.Results show how GWP is linked to both fossil fuel consumption and wood fiber use,and how ultimate environmental impact is driven by energy source.Environmental impacts of structures are driven by material choice,and levels of carbon stored in structural wood serve to decrease GWP.Of the structural assemblies analyzed,the most traditional TF structure outperformed all other options in almost every measure.
