Adjustment Disorder in Female Breast Cancer Patients:Prevalence and Its Accessory Symptoms

Women diagnosed with breast cancer may have serious psychological problems and will suffer from adjustment disorder(AjD).We investigated the prevalence of AjD in female breast cancer patients who were diagnosed within 1 year and examined the severe life events they experienced,and the most common symptoms of AjD.342 newly diagnosed(<1 year)female breast cancer patients were recruited from Tongji Hospital and Hubei Cancer Hospital in Hubei,China,from July 2018 to May 2019.The patients completed the self-report questionnaire including demographic characteristics and the scale ADNM-20 for the diagnosis of AjD.SPSS20.0 was used for data analysis.As a result,the prevalence of AjD in breast cancer patients was 38.6%.Patients from rural areas and lacking of exercise were more likely to suffer from AjD(P<0.05).The prevalence of AjD in patients who did not regard breast cancer as the most severe life event was higher than that in patients who took breast cancer as the most severe life event(44.4%vs.33.9%,P<0.05;OR=1.728,95%CI=1.072-2.787).The symptom that scored highest was preoccupation(3.15).We found that the prevalence of AjD in women with breast cancer in this study is very high and warrants more attention.Patients from rural areas,lacking of exercise and subject to multiple stressors are more likely to suffer from AjD.The commonest and severe symptom is preoccupation.

Enhanced catalytic activity of Ru through N modification toward alkaline hydrogen electrocatalysis

Exploring highly efficient electrocatalysts and understanding the reaction mechanisms for hydrogen electrocatalysis,including hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in alkaline media are conducive to the conversion of hydrogen energy.Herein,we reported a new strategy to boost the HER/HOR performances of ruthenium (Ru) nanoparticles through nitrogen (N) modification.The obtained N-Ru/C exhibit remarkable catalytic performance,with normalized HOR exchange current density and mass activity of 0.56 m A/cm^(2)and 0.54 m A/μg,respectively,about 4 and 4.5 times higher than those of Ru/C,and even twofold enhancement compared to commercial Pt/C.Moreover,at the overpotential of 50 m V,the normalized HER current density of N-Ru/C is 5.5 times higher than that of Ru/C.Experimental and density functional theory (DFT) results verify the electronic regulation of Ru after N incorporation,resulting in the optimized hydrogen adsorption Gibbs free energy (ΔG_(H*)) and hence enhancing the HOR/HER performance.

Competition mechanism of multiple four-wave mixing in highly nonlinear fiber： spatial instability and satellite characteristics

Competition mechanism in multiple four-wave mixing （MFWM） processes is demonstrated theoretically. Provided considering only two waves injected into a highly nonlinear fiber （HNLF）, there are three modes displaying comprehensive dynamic behaviors, such as fixed points, periodic motion, and chaotic motion. Especially, Mode C of MFWM is emphasized by analyzing its phase-space trajectory to demonstrate nonlinear wave- wave interactions. The study shows that, when the phase- space trajectory approaches or gets through a saddle point, a dramatic power depletion for the injected wave can be realized, with the representative point moving chaotically, but when phase-space trajectories are distributed around a center point, the power for the injected wave is retained almost invariable, with the representative point moving periodically. Finally, the evolvement of satellite wave over an optical fiber is investigated by comparing it with the interference pattern in Young＇s double-slit experiment.