Global research trends and prospects of cellular metabolism in colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND An increasing number of studies have focused on the role of cellular metabolism in the development of colorectal cancer(CRC).However,no work is currently available to synthesize the field through bibliometrics.AIM To analyze the development in the field of“glucose metabolism”(GM),“amino acid metabolism”(AM),“lipid metabolism”(LM),and“nucleotide metabolism”(NM)in CRC by visualization.METHODS Articles within the abovementioned areas of GM,AM,LM and NM in CRC,which were published from January 1,1991,to December 31,2022,are retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection and analyzed by CiteSpace 6.2.R4 and VOSviewer 1.6.19.RESULTS The field of LM in CRC presented the largest number of annual publications and the fastest increase in the last decade compared with the other three fields.Meanwhile,China and the United States were two of the most prominent contri-butors in these four areas.In addition,Gang Wang,Wei Jia,Maria Notar-nicola,and Cornelia Ulrich ranked first in publication numbers,while Jing-Yuan Fang,Senji Hirasawa,Wei Jia,and Charles Fuchs were the most cited authors on average in these four fields,respectively.“Gut microbiota”and“epithelial-mesenchymal transition”emerged as the newest burst words in GM,“gut microbiota”was the latest outburst word in AM,“metastasis”,“tumor microenvironment”,“fatty acid metabolism”,and“metabolic reprogramming”were the up-to-date outbreaking words in LM,while“epithelial-mesenchymal transition”and“apoptosis”were the most recently occurring words in NM.CONCLUSION Research in“cellular metabolism in CRC”is all the rage at the moment,and researchers are particularly interested in exploring the mechanism to explain the metabolic alterations in CRC.Targeting metabolic vulnerability appears to be a promising direction in CRC therapy.

MiR-107-3p/Atp6v0e1 contributes to protective effects of two selenium-containing peptides,TSeMMM and SeMDPGQQ on lead-induced neurotoxicity

Two selenium(Se)-containing peptides from Se-enriched rice,TSeMMM and SeMDPGQQ,possess neuroprotective potency against lead(Pb2+)-induced cytotoxicity.However,the crosstalk between mRNA and microRNAs(miRNA)involved in the neuroprotection mechanism remains to be elucidated.In this study,RNA-sequencing and miRNA-sequencing were used to independently identify differentially expressed mRNAs and small RNAs profiles in Pb^(2+)-treated primary fetal rat cortical neurons and then the correlated miRNA-mRNA target pairs were obtained.It was found that 34 mRNAs related to oxidative phosphorylation could be reversed by pretreatment of TSeMMM and SeMDPGQQ.The protective effect of TSeMMM and SeMDPGQQ was mediated by upregulation of miR-107-3p,which downregulates the ATPase H+transporting V0 subunit e1(Atp6v0e1)mRNA level.A zebrafish model was applied to verify the relevance between the targeted mRNA and miRNA by real-time quantitative PCR.The results indicated that miR-107-3p was a potential therapeutic target to achieve neuroprotection of Se-containing peptides via stimulation of Atp6v0e1.

Insights into the history and tendency of glycosylation and digestive system tumor:A bibliometric-based visual analysis

BACKGROUND Glycosylation,a commonly occurring post-translational modification,is highly expressed in several tumors,specifically in those of the digestive system,and plays a role in various cellular pathophysiological mechanisms.Although the importance and detection methods of glycosylation in digestive system tumors have garnered increasing attention in recent years,bibliometric analysis of this field remains scarce.The present study aims to identify the developmental trends and research hotspots of glycosylation in digestive system tumors.AIM To find and identify the developmental trends and research hotspots of glycosylation in digestive system tumors.METHODS We obtained relevant literature from the Web of Science Core Collection and employed VOSviewer 1.6.19 and CiteSpace(version 6.1.R6)to perform bibliometric analysis.RESULTS A total of 2042 documents spanning from 1978 to the present were analyzed,with the research process divided into three phases:the period of obscurity(1978-1990),continuous development period(1991-2006),and the rapid outbreak period(2007-2023).These documents were authored by researchers from 66 countries or regions,with the United States and China leading in terms of publication output.Reis Celso A had the highest number of publications,while Pinho SS was the most cited author.Co-occurrence analysis revealed the most popular keywords in this field are glycosylation,expression,cancer,colorectal cancer,and pancreatic cancer.Furthermore,the Journal of Proteome Research was the most prolific journal in terms of publications,while the Journal of Biological Chemistry had the most citations.CONCLUSION The bibliometric analysis shows current research focus is primarily on basic research in this field.However,future research should aim to utilize glycosylation as a target for treating tumor patients.

Perceptions and factors influencing exercise interventions in elderly patients with debilitating spinal surgery and healthcare professionals:A qualitative study

BACKGROUND Older spine surgery patients have a high incidence of debilitation,which can be managed with certain exercises.AIM To investigate the current status and influencing factors related to the knowledge of exercise intervention among patients and professionals.METHODS Descriptive research methods were used to classify and summarize patients and professionals’perceptions and factors affecting exercise interventions.Data were analysed using the Colaizzi seven-step analysis method to distill and refine themes.RESULTS A total of 7 themes were identified:(1)The current status of patients'exercise is unsatisfactory;(2)patients'health literacy is low,coupled with a lack of social and family support;(3)there are numerous challenges with systematic exercise interventions;(4)healthcare professionals acknowledge the importance and need for exercise interventions;(5)there's a pronounced willingness among patients to participate in exercise intervention programs;(6)healthcare professionals believe that exercise interventions are beneficial;and(7)participants offered invaluable insights and suggestions on perioperative exercise during spinal surgery.CONCLUSION To investigate the current status and influencing factors related to the knowledge of exercise intervention among patients and the related healthcare professionals to provide a reference for the construction of exercise management programs for these patients.

Factors influencing the continuity of evidence-based practice in perioperative airway management for elderly patients with fractures:A qualitative study

BACKGROUND More and more evidence-based practices are emerging,but researchers mostly focus on short-term effects,resulting in evidence-based practices not being applied in the clinic in the long term.In this study,we took the evidence-based practice of perioperative airway management in elderly fracture patients as an example and adopted a descriptive phenomenological approach to understand the influencing factors of its sustainability to provide a reference basis for promoting the continuity of evidence-based practice in the clinic.AIM To explore factors influencing the persistence of evidence-based practice in perioperative airway management in elderly patients with fractures.METHODS This study was qualitative research.Nine nurses who implemented evidencebased practice in the orthopedic ward of a tertiary comprehensive hospital in Shanghai from September 2023 to October 2023 were selected using purposive sampling as research subjects.Semi-structured interviews were conducted with them,and the data were analyzed using the Colaizzi phenomenological analysis method based on the three dimensions and ten factors of the NHS sustainability model.RESULTS Three main themes and ten subthemes were identified:Process aspects(benefits to patients,benefits to nurses,lack of follow-up,complex processes);staff aspects(insufficient human resources,inadequate training and education,lack of leadership support);and organizational environment aspects(inadequate infrastructure,poor patient compliance,poor doctor cooperation).CONCLUSION Human resources,training and education,leadership support,infrastructure,and patient-physician collaboration are important factors influencing the sustainability of evidence-based practice for perioperative airway management in older patients with fractures.

Muse cells decrease the neuroinflammatory response by modulating the proportion of M1 and M2 microglia in vitro

Neuroinflammation hinders repair of the central nervous system(CNS).Stem cell transplantation is a very promising approach for treatment of CNS injuries.However,it is difficult to select seed cells that can both facilitate nerve regeneration and improve the microenvironment in the CNS.In this study,we isolated multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring(Muse)cells from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.We explored the anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of Muse cells in vitro by coculture of Muse cells with lipopolysaccharide-stimulated microglia.Our results showed that Muse cells effectively reduced the transcription and secretion of tumor necrosis factorαand interleukin-1βand increased the expression of transforming growth factor-βand interleukin-10 in microglia.In addition,Muse cells decreased the number of M1 microglia and increased the proportion of M2 microglia in an inflammatory environment more effectively than bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.We also show that Muse cells inhibited the protein expression of toll-like receptor 4(TLR4)and myeloid differentiation primary response protein(MyD88)and inhibited the expression of the phosphorylated forms of transcription factor p65,nuclear factor(NF)-κB inhibitor alpha,and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)in microglia.Therefore,we suggest Muse cells cause antineuroinflammatory effects by inhibition of the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB and p38 MAPK signaling pathways in microglia.Our results shed light on the function of Muse cells in relation to CNS diseases and provide insight into the selection of seed cells.

Web-based cognitive interventions on subjective cognitive impairment in cancer survivors:A systemic review

Objective:Cancer survivors have experienced subjective cognitive impairment(SCI)when they received cancer diagnoses or treatments.Their psychosocial and emotional statuses were also impacted.With the advancement of web technologies,web-based cognitive interventions have been implemented in the management and the alleviation of the SCI,the psychosocial distress,and the emotional distress in cancer survivors.This review aimed to summarize the intervention contents of web-based cognitive interventions for SCI,and to explore the effects of the interventions on SCI,psychosocial status,and emotional health.Methods:Six databases(CINAHL Plus,Cochrane Library,Embase,APA PsycInfo,PubMed and CNKI)were searched from the establishment of databases up to December 2023.Literature references were also manually searched for related articles.Results:This review contained 21 studies that covered the contents of web-based cognitive interventions,such as computer-assisted cognitive training,online cognitive rehabilitation,cognitive behavior therapy with the Internet,telehealth physical exercise,and web-based mindfulness interventions.The effects of web-based cognitive interventions positively impacted SCI for cancer survivors.Also,these interventions showed varying degrees of effectiveness in alleviating psychosocial and emotional distresses.Conclusion:By summarizingfive types of cognitive intervention contents delivered via web technology,this review demonstrated that web-based cognitive interventions optimized SCI and overall psychosocial and emotional statuses for the cancer survivors.It is recommended that future research focus on the development of customized web-based cognitive interventions for individuals with SCI,along with their psychosocial and emotional statuses.

社区老年人衰弱、高血压及跌倒风险的关系研究

目的老年人往往同时存在衰弱和高血压,这可能会导致跌倒风险。本研究旨在探讨社区老年人衰弱状态、高血压和跌倒风险之间的关系。方法采用便利抽样选取无锡市社区老年人401名,采用STEADI(Stopping Elderly Accidents,Deaths&Injuries)工具包中的跌倒自评清单评估老年人跌倒风险,采用衰弱筛查量表评估社区老年人衰弱状况,采用自设问卷调查老年人社会人口学资料和慢性病等情况。采用logistic回归分析、广义加性模型和曲线拟合等方法分析社区老年人衰弱、高血压及跌倒风险的相互关系。结果Logistic回归分析发现,衰弱与较高的跌倒风险密切相关(OR 8.52,95%CI 3.21-22.57;P<0.001),高血压显著增加跌倒风险(OR 1.87,95%CI 1.11~3.13;P=0.019)。高血压伴有衰弱的老年人跌倒风险最高(OR 12.24,95%CI 3.51~42.65)。广义加性模型和光滑曲线拟合结果显示,在高血压老年人中,衰弱和跌倒风险之间存在非线性关联;在衰弱前期到衰弱状态的进程中,老年高血压患者具有较高的跌倒倾向。结论衰弱和高血压独立且可共同增加社区老年人跌倒的风险。加强对社区老年人衰弱状况和高血压的管理可能有助于降低这一人群跌倒的风险。

SOX11 as a potential prognostic biomarker in hepatocellular carcinoma linked to immune infiltration and ferroptosis

Objective:SOX11 is expressed in numerous malignancies,including hepatocellular carcinomas(HCC),but its oncogenic function has not been elucidated.Here,we performed a comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of the Liver Hepatocellular Carcinoma(LIHC)dataset to investigate the function of SOX11 in tumorgenesis.Methods:SOX11 expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas(TCGA)and Gene Expression Omnibus(GEO)were validated by immunohistochemistry(IHC).Co-expression,differential expression,and functional analyses utilized TCGA-LIHC,Timer 2.0,Metascape,GTEx,and LinkedOmics databases.Associations with immune infiltration,ferroptosis,and immune checkpoint genes were assessed.Genetic changes were explored via CBioPortal.Logistic regression,receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC),Kaplan-Meier analysis,and nomogram modeling evaluated associations with HCC clinicopathological features.SOX11’s impact on proliferation and migration was studied in HepG2 and HuH7 cell lines.Results:SOX11 was significantly elevated in HCC tumors compared to controls.SOX11-associated genes exhibited differential expression in pathways involving extracellular membrane ion channels.Significant associations were found between SOX11 levels,immune infiltration,ferroptosis,and immune checkpoint genes in HCC tissue.SOX11 levels correlated with HCC stage,histologic grade,and tumor status,and independently predicted overall and disease-specific survival.SOX11 expression effectively distinguished between tumor and normal liver tissue.Spearman correlations highlighted a significant relationship between SOX11 and ferroptosis-associated genes.Decreased SOX11 levels in HepG2 and HuH7 cells resulted in reduced proliferation and migration.Conclusions:SOX11 was found to represent a promising biomarker within HCC diagnosis and prognosis together with being a possible drug-target.

Current state and influencing factors in airbag management among emergency department nurses:A multicenter study

BACKGROUND The emergency department(ED)plays a critical role in establishing artificial airways and implementing mechanical ventilation.Managing airbags in the ED presents a prime opportunity to mitigate the risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia.Nonetheless,existing research has largely overlooked the understanding,beliefs,and practical dimensions of airway airbag management among ED nurses,with a predominant focus on intensive care unit nurses.AIM To investigate the current status of ED nurses'knowledge,beliefs,and practical behaviors in airway airbag management and their influencing factors.METHODS A survey was conducted from July 10th to August 10th,2023,using convenience sampling on 520 ED nurses from 15 tertiary hospitals and 5 sary hospitals in Shanghai.Pathway analysis was utilized to analyze the influencing factors.RESULTS The scores for ED nurses'airway airbag management knowledge were 60.26±23.00,belief was 88.65±13.36,and behavior was 75.10±19.84.The main influencing factors of airbag management knowledge included participation in specialized nurse or mechanical ventilation training,department,and work experience in the department.Influencing factors of airbag management belief comprised knowledge,department,and participation in specialized nurse or mechanical ventilation training.Primary influencing factors of airbag management behavior included knowledge,belief,department,participation in specialized nurse or mechanical ventilation training,and professional title.The belief in airbag management among ED nurses acted as a partial mediator between knowledge and behavior,with a total effect value of 0.513,and an indirect effect of 0.085,constituting 16.6%of the total effect.CONCLUSION ED nurses exhibit a positive attitude toward airbag management with relatively standardized practices,yet there remains room for improvement in their knowledge levels.Nursing managers should implement interventions tailored to the characteristics of ED nurses'airbag management knowledge,beliefs,and practices to enhance their airbag management proficiency.

Clinical correlation of B7-H3 and B3GALT4 with the prognosis of colorectal cancer

AIM To investigate the expression and clinical significance of B7 homolog 3(B7-H3) and β-1,3-galactosyltransferase-4(B3 GALT4) in colorectal cancer(CRC) patients.METHODS Using tissue microarray, we identified the expression of B7-H3 and B3 GALT4 in 223 CRC patient samples by immunohistochemistry and evaluated the possible correlation between B7-H3 and B3 GALT4 and clinicaloutcomes. Further, the m RNA and protein expression were identified to establish the regulatory relationship of B7-H3 with B3 GALT4 in vitro.RESULTS A significant positive correlation between B7-H3 and B3 GALT4 was observed in CRC specimens(r = 0.219, P = 0.001). High expression of B7-H3 was identified as a significant independent predictor of poor overall survival(OS) [hazard ratio(HR) = 1.781; 95%CI: 1.027-3.089; P = 0.040]. Moreover, high expression of B3 GALT4 was also recognized as an independent predictor of inferior OS(HR = 1.597; 95%CI: 1.007-2.533; P = 0.047). Additionally, CRC patients expressing both high B7-H3 and high B3 GALT4 contributed to a significant decrease in OS(HR = 2.283; 95%CI: 1.289-4.042; P = 0.005). In CRC cell lines with stable expression of high B7-H3, the m RNA and protein expressions of B3 GALT4 were significantly upregulated. Similarly, the expression of B3 GALT4 was significantly reduced when expression of B7-H3 was knocked down.CONCLUSION The expression of B3 GALT4 in CRC is positively correlated with B7-H3 expression in vitro. B7-H3/B3 GLAT4 may be used as dual prognostic biomarkers for CRC.

Role of IL-17 family cytokines in the progression of IPF from inflammation to fibrosis

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF)is a fatal chronic interstitial lung disease with no established treatment and is characterized by progressive scarring of the lung tissue and an irreversible decline in lung function.Chronic inflammation has been demonstrated to be the pathological basis of fibrosis.Emerging studies have revealed that most interleukin-17(IL-17)isoforms are essential for the mediation of acute and chronic inflammation via innate and adaptive immunity.Overexpression or aberrant expression of IL-17 cytokines contributes to various pathological outcomes,including the initiation and exacerbation of IPF.Here,we aim to provide an overview of IL-17 family members in the pathogenesis of IPF.

Axonotmesis-evoked plantar vasodilatation as a novel assessment of C-fiber afferent function after sciatic nerve injury in rats

Quantitative assessment of the recovery of nerve function, especially sensory and autonomic nerve function, remains a challenge in the field of nerve regeneration research. We previously found that neural control of vasomotor activity could be potentially harnessed to evaluate nerve function. In the present study, five different models of left sciatic nerve injury in rats were established: nerve crush injury, nerve transection/ suturing, nerve defect/autografting, nerve defect/conduit repair, and nerve defect/non-regeneration. Laser Doppler perfusion imaging was used to analyze blood perfusion of the hind feet. The toe pinch test and walking track analysis were used to assess sensory and motor functions of the rat hind limb, respectively. Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the density of unmyelinated axons in the injured sciatic nerve. Our results showed that axonotmesis-evoked vasodilatation in the foot 6 months after nerve injury/repair recovered to normal levels in the nerve crush injury group and partially in the other three repair groups;whereas the nerve defect/non-regeneration group exhibited no recovery in vasodilatation. Furthermore, the recovery index of axonotmesis-evoked vasodilatation was positively correlated with toe pinch reflex scores and the density of unmyelinated nerve fibers in the regenerated nerve. As C-fiber afferents are predominantly responsible for dilatation of the superficial vasculature in the glabrous skin in rats, the present findings indicate that axonotmesis-evoked vasodilatation can be used as a novel way to assess C-afferent function recovery after peripheral nerve injury. This study was approved by the Ethics Committee for Laboratory Animals of Nantong University of China (approval No. 20130410-006) on April 10, 2013.

A partition-type tubular scaffold loaded with PDGF-releasing microspheres for spinal cord repair facilitates the directional migration and growth of cells

The best tissue-engineered spinal cord grafts not only match the structural characteristics of the spinal cord but also allow the seed cells to grow and function in situ.Platelet-derived growth factor（PDGF） has been shown to promote the migration of bone marrow stromal cells;however,cytokines need to be released at a steady rate to maintain a stable concentration in vivo.Therefore,new methods are needed to maintain an optimal concentration of cytokines over an extended period of time to effectively promote seed cell localization,proliferation and differentiation.In the present study,a partition-type tubular scaffold matching the anatomical features of the thoracic 8–10 spinal cord of the rat was fabricated using chitosan and then subsequently loaded with chitosan-encapsulated PDGF-BB microspheres（PDGF-MSs）.The PDGF-MS-containing scaffold was then examined in vitro for sustained-release capacity,biocompatibility,and its effect on neural progenitor cells differentiated in vitro from multilineage-differentiating stress-enduring cells（MUSE-NPCs）.We found that pre-freezing for 2 hours at-20°C significantly increased the yield of partition-type tubular scaffolds,and 30 μL of 25% glutaraldehyde ensured optimal crosslinking of PDGF-MSs.The resulting PDGF-MSs cumulatively released 52% of the PDGF-BB at 4 weeks in vitro without burst release.The PDGF-MS-containing tubular scaffold showed suitable biocompatibility towards MUSE-NPCs and could promote the directional migration and growth of these cells.These findings indicate that the combination of a partition-type tubular scaffold,PDGF-MSs and MUSENPCs may be a promising model for the fabrication of tissue-engineered spinal cord grafts.

Reciprocal Regulation between Fur and Two RyhB Homologs in Yersinia pestis,and Roles of RyhBs in Biofilm Formation

Objective To investigate reciprocal regulation between Fur and two RyhB homologs in Yersinia pestis(Y.pestis),as well as the roles of RyhBs in biofilm formation.Methods Regulatory relationships were assessed by a combination of colony morphology assay,primer extension,electrophoretic mobility shift assay and DNase I footprinting.Results Fur bound to the promoter-proximal DNA regions of ryhB1 and ryhB2 to repress their transcription,while both RyhB1 and RyhB2 repressed the expression of Fur at the post-transcriptional level.In addition,both RyhB1 and RyhB2 positively regulated Y.pestis biofilm exopolysaccharide(EPS)production and the expression of hmsHFRS and hmsT.Conclusion Fur and the two RyhB homologs exert negative reciprocal regulation,and RyhB homologs have a positive regulatory effect on biofilm formation in Y.pestis.

Relationship between the development of sphenoid bone in human embryo and fetus and adult morphology

The developing sphenoid bone is considered to be a median cartilage mass(basilar sphenoid bone)with three cartilaginous processes(orbital wing or orbital pterygoid process,temporal wing and nasal pterygoid process).The relationship between this initial morphology and adult morphology is difficult to determine because of extensive membranous ossification along the cartilaginous elements.We examined the sagittal sections of 25 embryos and fetuses aged 6-34 weeks,and compared them with the horizontal and frontal sections of the other 25 late fetuses(217-340 mm).At 7-8 weeks,the optic nerve was sandwiched between bars of the orbitosphenoid.The superior rectus originates from a bar different from the other three recti.

Histological study of fabella and muscle origin of the plantaris and gastrocnemius lateral head in late-stage fetuses

Cartilaginous fabella appears to be embedded in the plantaris origin(PL)that fuses with the gastrocnemius lateral head(GL)in midterm fetuses.Histological sections of unilateral knee joints of 15 late-stage fetuses,we reexamined the topographical anatomy of fabella or its analogue(a tight fibrous mass)with origins of the GL and PL.Irrespective of whether the cartilaginous fabella is present(6/15)or absent,these muscle origins were composed of three parts(PLl,PL2 and PL3;GLl,GL2 and GL3).Fabella or its analogues embedded in a thicker common tendon origin of GL and PL.PL1 was similar to the adult PL,and originated from the femoral condyle immediately above the common tendon.

China's unique role in the field of global health

China's participation in global governance,inspired by the 17 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals,is driven by the guiding principle of"Building a Community of Shared Future for Mankind".China has been promoting the Belt and Road Initiative and South-South Cooperation and has made significant contributions to the prosperity of human beings.Along with the opportunities that globalization brought about such as the World Health Organization and the boom in the economy,global health challenges also emerged.This resulted in certain obstacles for China when it sought to advocate the Belt and Road Initiative and when it attempted to carry out its strategy to address global health issues.What are the emerging challenges for global health?What can China do for global health?Why does global health need China?We tried to address these questions as China's global engagement continues to expand in the new era.This article makes the case for Chinese approaches,including getting involved in public health,being consistent in addressing local conditions,and sharing China's experience with handling health services and staying in the lead through government action while being guided by relative policies.China has a lot to offer in the promotion of global health and in overcoming the challenges and risks that this goal currently faces.Thus,China should be considered an inseparable part of global health governance and bilateral health development cooperation.

Ferroptosis inhibition attenuates inflammatory response in mice with acute hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis

BACKGROUND Ferroptosis is involved in developing inflammatory diseases;yet,its role in acute hypertriglyceridemic pancreatitis(HTGP)remains unclear.AIM To explore whether ferroptosis is involved in the process of HTGP and elucidate its potential mechanisms.METHODS An HTGP mouse model was induced using intraperitoneal injection of P-407 and caerulein(CAE).Then,pancreatic tissues from the model animals were subjected to proteome sequencing analysis.The pathological changes and scores of the pancreas,lung,and kidney were determined using hematoxylin-eosin staining.The levels of serum amylase(AMY),triglyceride,and total cholesterol were measured with an automatic blood cell analyzer.Additionally,the serum levels of tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α,interleukin(IL)-6,and IL-1βwere determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.Malonaldehyde(MDA),glutathione(GSH),and Fe^(2+)were detected in the pancreas.Finally,immunohistochemistry was performed to assess the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins.RESULTS Proteome sequencing revealed that ferroptosis was involved in the process of HTGP and that NADPH oxidase(NOX)2 may participate in ferroptosis regulation.Moreover,the levels of serum AMY,TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1βwere significantly increased,MDA and Fe^(2+)were upregulated,GSH and ferroptosis-related proteins were reduced,and the injury of the pancreas,lung,and kidney were aggravated in the P407+CAE group compared to CAE and wild type groups(all P<0.05).Notably,the inhibition of ferroptosis and NOX2 attenuated the pathological damage and the release of TNF-α,IL-6,and IL-1βin the serum of the mice.CONCLUSION Ferroptosis was found to have an important role in HTGP and may be considered a potential target for clinical treatment.

Immunological Exploration of Helicobacter pylori Serotype O_(2) O-Antigen by Using a Synthetic Glycan Library

Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori)infection is a threat to human health.The lipopolysaccharide(LPS)O-antigen holds promise for developing vaccines.It is meaningful to explore the immunological activity of oligosaccharides with different lengths and frameshifts for antigen development.Herein,a glycan library of H.pylori O2 O-antigen containing eight fragments is constructed.After screening with anti-H.pylori O2 LPS sera and patients’sera by glycan microarray,the disaccharide HPO2G-2b and trisaccharide HPO2G-3a show strong antigenicity and then are separately conjugated with carrier protein CRM197.Both glycoconjugates elicit a robust immunoglobulin G(IgG)immune response in rabbits.The anti-HPO2G-3a IgG antibodies possess a much stronger binding affinity with the LPS and bacteria of H.pylori O2 than the anti-HPO2G-2b IgG antibodies.There is no cross-reaction between both sera IgG antibodies with LPS and bacteria of H.pylori O1,O6,and E.coli.The results demonstrate the trisaccharide HPO2G-3a is a promising candidate for H.pylori vaccine development.