Basing on some researchers' experimental results,the droplet impinging wall model was modified,and We Number and K Number were adopted to determine the mode of droplet impinging wall.The simulation results indicat...Basing on some researchers' experimental results,the droplet impinging wall model was modified,and We Number and K Number were adopted to determine the mode of droplet impinging wall.The simulation results indicated that the mode of impinging droplet is sticking on the wall in Muti-spout bed.The droplet impinging wall model modified can describe the droplet impinging wall phenomenon accurately in the multistage spouted fluidized flue gas desulfurization reactor.Basing on the study above,the distributions of temperature and relative humidity in the reactor were attained.In atomization region,the distribution of temperature exhibits "M" shape.The relative humidity exhibits"W"shape.The mass concentration of droplet reduces along axis of the reactor.Due to the multi-spouted configuration,droplet concentration increases obviously in the intersection region between the 1st and 2nd stage reaction region.The evaporating intensity reaches its peak value in the area of 200 mm away from the sprayer,and droplets are completely evaporated at 1500 mm.展开更多
Novel inexpensive, light, flexible, and even rollup or wearable devices are required for multi-functional portable electronics and developing new versatile and flexible electrode materials as alternatives to the mater...Novel inexpensive, light, flexible, and even rollup or wearable devices are required for multi-functional portable electronics and developing new versatile and flexible electrode materials as alternatives to the materials used in contemporary batteries and supercapacitors is a key challenge. Here, binder-free activated carbon （AC）/carbon nanotube （CNT） paper electrodes for use in advanced supercapacitors have been fabricated based on low-cost, industrial-grade aligned CNTs. By a two-step shearing strategy, aligned CNTs were dispersed into individual long CNTs, and then 90 wt%-99 wt% of AC powder was incorporated into the CNT pulp and the AC/CNT paper electrode was fabricated by deposition on a filter. The specific capacity, rate performance, and power density of the AC/CNT paper electrode were better than the corresponding values for an AC/acetylene black electrode. The capacity reached a maximum value of 267.6 F/g with a CNT loading of 5 wt%, and the energy density and power density were 22.5 W.h/kg and 7.3 kW/kg at a high current density of 20 A/g. The AC/CNT paper electrode also showed a good cycle performance, with 97.5% of the original capacity retained after 5000 cycles at a scan rate of 200 mV/s. This method affords not only a promising paper-like nanocomposite for use in low-cost and flexible supercapacitors, but also a general way of fabricating multi-functional paper-like CNT-based nanocomposites for use in devices such as flexible lithium ion batteries and solar cells.展开更多
基金Sponsored by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(Grant 2007AA05Z3374)the Key Projects in the National Science & Technology Pillar Program during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan Period(Grant No.2006BAA01B04)
文摘Basing on some researchers' experimental results,the droplet impinging wall model was modified,and We Number and K Number were adopted to determine the mode of droplet impinging wall.The simulation results indicated that the mode of impinging droplet is sticking on the wall in Muti-spout bed.The droplet impinging wall model modified can describe the droplet impinging wall phenomenon accurately in the multistage spouted fluidized flue gas desulfurization reactor.Basing on the study above,the distributions of temperature and relative humidity in the reactor were attained.In atomization region,the distribution of temperature exhibits "M" shape.The relative humidity exhibits"W"shape.The mass concentration of droplet reduces along axis of the reactor.Due to the multi-spouted configuration,droplet concentration increases obviously in the intersection region between the 1st and 2nd stage reaction region.The evaporating intensity reaches its peak value in the area of 200 mm away from the sprayer,and droplets are completely evaporated at 1500 mm.
基金This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Nos. 20736004, 20736007, and 2007AA03Z346）, and the China National Program （No. 2011CB932602）.
文摘Novel inexpensive, light, flexible, and even rollup or wearable devices are required for multi-functional portable electronics and developing new versatile and flexible electrode materials as alternatives to the materials used in contemporary batteries and supercapacitors is a key challenge. Here, binder-free activated carbon （AC）/carbon nanotube （CNT） paper electrodes for use in advanced supercapacitors have been fabricated based on low-cost, industrial-grade aligned CNTs. By a two-step shearing strategy, aligned CNTs were dispersed into individual long CNTs, and then 90 wt%-99 wt% of AC powder was incorporated into the CNT pulp and the AC/CNT paper electrode was fabricated by deposition on a filter. The specific capacity, rate performance, and power density of the AC/CNT paper electrode were better than the corresponding values for an AC/acetylene black electrode. The capacity reached a maximum value of 267.6 F/g with a CNT loading of 5 wt%, and the energy density and power density were 22.5 W.h/kg and 7.3 kW/kg at a high current density of 20 A/g. The AC/CNT paper electrode also showed a good cycle performance, with 97.5% of the original capacity retained after 5000 cycles at a scan rate of 200 mV/s. This method affords not only a promising paper-like nanocomposite for use in low-cost and flexible supercapacitors, but also a general way of fabricating multi-functional paper-like CNT-based nanocomposites for use in devices such as flexible lithium ion batteries and solar cells.
