Impact point prediction guidance of ballistic missile in high maneuver penetration condition

An impact point prediction(IPP) guidance based on supervised learning is proposed to address the problem of precise guidance for the ballistic missile in high maneuver penetration condition.An accurate ballistic trajectory model is applied to generate training samples,and ablation experiments are conducted to determine the mapping relationship between the flight state and the impact point.At the same time,the impact point coordinates are decoupled to improve the prediction accuracy,and the sigmoid activation function is improved to ameliorate the prediction efficiency.Therefore,an IPP neural network model,which solves the contradiction between the accuracy and the speed of the IPP,is established.In view of the performance deviation of the divert control system,the mapping relationship between the guidance parameters and the impact deviation is analysed based on the variational principle.In addition,a fast iterative model of guidance parameters is designed for reference to the Newton iteration method,which solves the nonlinear strong coupling problem of the guidance parameter solution.Monte Carlo simulation results show that the prediction accuracy of the impact point is high,with a 3 σ prediction error of 4.5 m,and the guidance method is robust,with a 3 σ error of 7.5 m.On the STM32F407 singlechip microcomputer,a single IPP takes about 2.374 ms,and a single guidance solution takes about9.936 ms,which has a good real-time performance and a certain engineering application value.

Surface Deposition of Ni(OH)_(2) and Lattice Distortion Induce the Electrochromic Performance Decay of NiO Films in Alkaline Electrolyte

NiO,an anodic electrochromic material,has applications in energy-saving windows,intelligent displays,and military camouflage.However,its electrochromic mechanism and reasons for its performance degradation in alkaline aqueous electrolytes are complex and poorly understood,making it challenging to improve NiO thin films.We studied the phases and electrochemical characteristics of NiO films in different states(initial,colored,bleached and after 8000 cycles)and identified three main reasons for performance degradation.First,Ni(OH)_(2)is generated during electrochromic cycling and deposited on the NiO film surface,gradually yielding a NiO@Ni(OH)_(2)core-shell structure,isolating the internal NiO film from the electrolyte,and preventing ion transfer.Second,the core-shell structure causes the mode of electrical conduction to change from first-to second-order conduction,reducing the efficiency of ion transfer to the surface Ni(OH)_(2)layer.Third,Ni(OH)_(2)and NiOOH,which have similar crystal structures but different b-axis lattice parameters,are formed during electrochromic cycling,and large volume changes in the unit cell reduce the structural stability of the thin film.Finally,we clarified the mechanism of electrochromic performance degradation of NiO films in alkaline aqueous electrolytes and provide a route to activation of NiO films,which will promote the development of electrochromic technology.

Synchronization of High-order Discrete-time Linear Complex Networks with Time-varying Delays

Synchronization of high-order discrete-time complex networks with undirected topologies is studied and the impacts of time delays are investigated. Firstly,by the state decomposition,synchronization problems are transformed into asymptotic stability ones of multiple lower dimensional time-delayed subsystems. Then,linear matrix inequality( LMI) criteria for synchronization are given,which can guarantee the scalability of complex networks since they only include three LMI constraints independent of the number of agents. Moreover,an explicit expression of the synchronization function is presented,which can describe the synchronization behavior of all agents in complex networks. Finally,a numerical example is given to demonstrate the theoretical results,where it is shown that if the gain matrices of synchronization protocols satisfy LMI criteria for synchronization,synchronization can be achieved.

Preparation of multi-walled carbon nanotube–Fe composites and their application as light weight and broadband electromagnetic wave absorbers

Multi-walled carbon nanotube （MWCNT）-Fe composites were prepared via the metal organic chemical vapor deposi- tion by depositing iron pentacarbonyl on the surface of MWCNTs. The structural and morphological analyses demonstrated that Fe nanoparticles were deposited on the surface of the MWCNTs. The electromagnetic properties of the MWCNTs were significantly changed, and the absorbing capacity evidently improved after the Fe deposition on the MWCNT surface. A minimum reflection loss of -29.4 dB was observed at 8.39 GHz, and the less than -10 dB bandwidth was about 10.6 GHz, which covered the whole X band （8.2-12.4 GHz） and the whole Ku band （12.4-18 GHz）, indicating that the MWCNT-Fe composites could be used as an effective microwave absorption material.

Modeling for multi-resonant behavior of broadband metamaterial absorber with geometrical substrate

Despite widespread use for extending absorption bandwidth, the coexistence and coupling mechanism of multiple resonance is not well understood. We propose two models to describe the multi-resonant behavior of a broadband metamaterial absorber with geometrical-array substrate （GAS）. The multi-resonance coupling of GAS is well described by logarithmic law. The interaction between metasurface and GAS can further broaden the absorption bandwidth by generating a new resonance which coexists with original resonances in substrate. The proposed models can thoroughly describe this multiple-resonance behavior, highlighting guidelines for designing broadband absorbers.

First-principles study of co-adsorption behavior of O_(2)and CO_(2)molecules onδ-Pu(100)surface

First principles calculation is performed to study the co-adsorption behaviors of O_(2)and CO_(2)onδ-Pu(100)surface by using a slab model within the framework of density functional theory(DFT).The results demonstrate that the most favorable co-adsorption configurations are T_(v)-C_(4)O_(7)and T_(p1)-C_(2)O_(8),with adsorption energy of-17.296 e V and-23.131 e V for CO_(2)-based and O_(2)-based system,respectively.The C and O atoms mainly interact with the Pu surface atoms.Furthermore,the chemical bonding between C/O and Pu atom is mainly of ionic state,and the reaction mechanism is that C 2 s,C 2 p,O 2s,and O 2p orbitals overlap and hybridize with Pu 6 p,Pu 6 d,and Pu 5 f orbital,resulting in the occurrence of new band structure.The adsorption and dissociation of CO_(2)molecule are obviously promoted by preferentially occupying adsorbed O atoms,therefore,a potential CO_(2)protection mechanism for plutonium-based materials is that in CO_(2)molecule there occurs complete dissociation of CO_(2)→C+O+O,then the dissociated C atom combines with O atom from O_(2)dissociation and produces CO,which will inhibit the O_(2)from further oxidizing Pu surface,and slow down the corrosion rate of plutoniumbased materials.

Structural, Magnetic and Magnetocaloric Properties of La-deficient La0.77-xSrxCa0.2MnO2 Perovskites

La-deficient La0.77-x Ca0.2SrxMnO3 （0 〈 x 〈 0.1） polycrystalline samples are synthesized using the sol-gel technique. The crystal structures of all the samples are single orthorhombic phase with Pbnm space group. Rietveld analysis of x-ray diffraction patterns shows that the Mn-O-Mn bond angle θUn-O-Mn increases whereas the Mn-O bond length dMn--o decreases monotonically with increasing Sr^2＋ content, which results in a rich overlap between Mn 3d and O2p orbitals and leads to a systematic increase of the Curie temperature in this compound. It is found that the magnetic entropy change has a maximum at x = 0.06 in La^3＋-deficient La0.77-xCa0.2SrxMnO3. This may result from competition between the super-exchange interactions （Mn 4＋-O2--Mn4＋） and double-exchange interactions （Mn^3＋-O^2- -Mn^4＋） originating from the appearance of superfluous Mn^4＋ ions by substitution of Sr^2＋ for La^3＋ in this series. Large magnetic entropy changes of 2.32 and 1.83Jkg^-1K^-1 in the x = 0.06 and x = 0.1 samples at their Tcs of 271 K and 303K upon a low magnetic field （10kOe） make these materials promising candidates at near room temperature.

Preparation of Ni-B Coating on Carbonyl Iron and Its Microwave Absorption Properties in the X Band

Ni-B coated carbonyl iron particles （CI@Ni-B） are prepared by the electroless plating technique. The structure, morphology, and antioxidant properties of the CI@Ni-B particles are analyzed. The results demonstrate that the CI particles have been coated with intact spherical-shell Ni-B coating, indicating the core-shell structure of CI@Ni-B particles, and the Ni-B coating can prevent the further oxidation of the CI particles. Compared with the raw CI particles/paraffin coatings with the same coating thickness of 2.0mm and particles content of 70%, the CI@Ni-B particles/paraffin coatings possess higher microwave absorption （the RL exceeding -10 dB is obtained in the whole X band （8.2-12.4GHz） with minimal RL of -3f.OdB at 9.2GHz）.

Electromagnetic and Microwave Absorption Properties of Fe Coating on SiC with Metal Organic Chemical Vapor Reaction

SiC-Fe composites are prepared by metal organic chemical vapor deposition （MOCVD） using silicon carbide （SIC＇） and iron pentacarbonyl （Fe（CO）5） as the precursors. The structure and morphology analyses demonstrate that the Fe nanoparticles have been deposited on the surface of the SiC particles. In terms of reflection loss （RL）, the absorbing frequency band （AFB, the value of RL 〈 -10 dB）, and the matching thickness （tin）, SiC-Fe composites show the best performances： minimum RL of - 31.6 dB with tm= 2.0 mm at 15.1 GHz, AFB of 12.9-17.3 OHz, indicating that Fe-doped SiC by MOCVD can significantly improve the electromagnetic properties of SiC and that SiC-Fe composites could be used as an effective microwave absorption materiM.

Dynamic stress intensity factor K_(III) and dynamic crack propagation characteristics of anisotropic materials

Based on the mechanics of anisotropic materials, the dynamic propagation problem of a mode Ⅲ crack in an infinite anisotropic body is investigated. Stress, strain and displacement around the crack tip are expressed as an analytical complex function, which can be represented in power series. Constant coefficients of series are determined by boundary conditions. Expressions of dynamic stress intensity factors for a mode Ⅲ crack are obtained. Components of dynamic stress, dynamic strain and dynamic displacement around the crack tip are derived. Crack propagation characteristics are represented by the mechanical properties of the anisotropic materials, i.e., crack propagation velocity M and the parameter ~. The faster the crack velocity is, the greater the maximums of stress components and dynamic displacement components around the crack tip are. In particular, the parameter α affects stress and dynamic displacement around the crack tip.

Directional Analysis of the Chaotic Superlattice around the Equilibrium Point in the Phase Space

The recently proposed method of our research group named as directional Lyapunov exponents（DLEs） is presented. Then, DLEs are used to analyze the eigenstructure of the output phase space around the equilibrium points. Finally, the impacts of the superlattice parameter changes on the characteristics of the output chaotic signal are analyzed. The experimental results show that parameter changes of the superlattice will affect the eigenstructure around the equilibrium points in the output phase space, and DLEs are sensitive to these changes.

Convergence Analysis of a Self-Stabilizing Algorithm for Minor Component Analysis

The M?ller algorithm is a self-stabilizing minor component analysis algorithm.This research document involves the study of the convergence and dynamic characteristics of the M?ller algorithm using the deterministic discrete time(DDT)methodology.Unlike other analysis methodologies,the DDT methodology is capable of serving the distinct time characteristic and having no constraint conditions.Through analyzing the dynamic characteristics of the weight vector,several convergence conditions are drawn,which are beneficial for its application.The performing computer simulations and real applications demonstrate the correctness of the analysis’s conclusions.

Deep hybrid: Multi-graph neural network collaboration for hyperspectral image classification

With limited number of labeled samples,hyperspectral image(HSI)classification is a difficult Problem in current research.The graph neural network(GNN)has emerged as an approach to semi-supervised classification,and the application of GNN to hyperspectral images has attracted much attention.However,in the existing GNN-based methods a single graph neural network or graph filter is mainly used to extract HSI features,which does not take full advantage of various graph neural networks(graph filters).Moreover,the traditional GNNs have the problem of oversmoothing.To alleviate these shortcomings,we introduce a deep hybrid multi-graph neural network(DHMG),where two different graph filters,i.e.,the spectral filter and the autoregressive moving average(ARMA)filter,are utilized in two branches.The former can well extract the spectral features of the nodes,and the latter has a good suppression effect on graph noise.The network realizes information interaction between the two branches and takes good advantage of different graph filters.In addition,to address the problem of oversmoothing,a dense network is proposed,where the local graph features are preserved.The dense structure satisfies the needs of different classification targets presenting different features.Finally,we introduce a GraphSAGEbased network to refine the graph features produced by the deep hybrid network.Extensive experiments on three public HSI datasets strongly demonstrate that the DHMG dramatically outperforms the state-ofthe-art models.

Contrast sensitivity in 14 MeV fast neutron radiography

Fast neutron radiography(FNR) is an effective non-destructive testing technique.Due to the scattering effect and low detection efficiency,the detection limit of FNR under certain conditions cannot be determined.In order to obtain the minimum detectable thickness by FNR,we studied the contrast sensitivity of FNR lead samples,both theoretically and experimentally.We then clarified the relationship between pixel value and irradiation time,and sample materials and thickness.Our experiment,using a4-cm-thick lead sample,verified our theoretical expression of FNR contrast sensitivity.

Research on Safety Risk Assessment Method for Large Scale Field Operation Project

By applying man-machine-environment system engineering theory, safety risks on large scale field operation project have been evaluated in this article. The factors concerning with the man, machine and environment in system were proposed separately. The value for lowest indexs was determined by decision-making of expert group. The weights were calculated based on AHP, and then safety risk assessment in different layers was made. The results show that the assessment method is reasonable, and it is significant for large scale field operation project safety managerment.

Influence of groove surface texture on temperature rise under dry sliding friction

Parallel groove surface textures with different area densities were fabricated on ASTM 1045 steel. Friction tests were con- ducted under dry sliding condition. Temperature rise, friction coefficient and wear of both the textured and untextured speci- mens were studied. An embedded K-type thermocouple beneath the friction surfaces was employed to measure frictional tem- perature rise. The results indicated that the temperature rise of the textured specimen was obviously reduced compared with that of the untextured specimen, although the difference between the friction coefficients was not significan.. The specimen with high texture density exhibited a small temperature rise. The difference in temperature rise between the specimens with different texture densities can be primarily attributed to differences in heat dissipation and energy allocation between the tri- bo-pairs caused by the textured structure. The energy consumed by wear and plastic deformation was small in ~：omparison with the total energy input by friction, thus, the influence of these factors on temperature rise can be considered to be~ negligible.

On the Discrete-Time Dynamics of Cross-Coupled Hebbian Algorithm

Principal/minor component analysis(PCA/MCA),generalized principal/minor component analysis(GPCA/GMCA),and singular value decomposition(SVD)algorithms are important techniques for feature extraction.In the convergence analysis of these algorithms,the deterministic discrete-time(DDT)method can reveal the dynamic behavior of PCA/MCA and GPCA/GMCA algorithms effectively.However,the dynamic behavior of SVD algorithms has not been studied quantitatively because of their special structure.In this paper,for the first time,we utilize the advantages of the DDT method in PCA algorithms analysis to study the dynamics of SVD algorithms.First,taking the cross-coupled Hebbian algorithm as an example,by concatenating the two cross-coupled variables into a single vector,we successfully get a PCA-like DDT system.Second,we analyze the discrete-time dynamic behavior and stability of the PCA-like DDT system in detail based on the DDT method,and obtain the boundedness of the weight vectors and learning rate.Moreover,further discussion shows the universality of the proposed method for analyzing other SVD algorithms.As a result,the proposed method provides a new way to study the dynamical convergence properties of SVD algorithms.

Atomistic simulation of interactions of fracture with defect clusters in delta-Pu

The Pu-He pair potential fitted by ab initio data, and the Pu-Pu and He-He modified embedded atom method (MEAM) poten-tials have been implemented to perform multi-scale simulations for the interactions of fracture with the self-interstitial atom(SIA), He interstitial atom and He-vacancy clusters. The simulation results indicate that Pu atoms around the fracture agglom-erate into an elliptic self-interstitial loop. Interstitial He atoms evolve into separate interstitial atoms, small He atom clustersand some substitutional He atoms. The He-vacancy cluster forms a spheric structure with a 1:1 He-to-vacancy ratio. Finally,the existence of self-interstitial atoms will lead to the local change of Pu lattice and an increasing disorder, and the wholesimulation cell shows a melting state at about 10.0 ps.

Deep ultraviolet hydrogel based on 2D cobalt-doped titanate

Birefringent optical elements that work in deep ultraviolet(DUV)region become increasingly important these years.However,most of the DUV optical elements have fixed birefringence which is hard to be tuned.Here,we invent a birefringence-tunable optical hydrogel with mechano-birefringence effect in the DUV region,based on two-dimensional(2D)low-cobalt-doped titanate.This 2D oxide material has an optical anisotropy factor of 1.5×10^(-11) C^(2)J^(-1) m-1,larger than maximum value obtained previously,leading to an extremely large specific magneto-optical Cotton-Mouton coefficient of 3.9×10^(6) T^(-2) m-1.The extremely large coefficient enables the fabrication of birefringent hydrogel in a small magnetic field with an ultra-low concentration of 2D oxide material.The hydrogel can stably and continuously modulate 303 nm DUV light with large phase tunability by varying the strain(compression or stretching)from 0 to 50%.Our work opens the door to design and fabricate new proof-of-concept DUV birefringence-tunable element,as demonstrated by optical hydrogels capable of DUV modulation by mechanical stimuli.

On Improved Delay-dependent Robust Stability Criteria for Uncertain Systems with Interval Time-varying Delay

This paper considers the problem of delay-dependent robust stability for uncertain systems with interval time-varying delays. By using the direct Lyapunov method, a new Lyapunov-Krasovskii(L-K) functional is introduced based on decomposition approach, when dealing with the time derivative of L-K functional, a new tight integral inequality is adopted for bounding the cross terms. Then, a new less conservative delay-dependent stability criterion is formulated in terms of linear matrix inequalities(LMIs),which can be easily solved by optimization algorithms. Numerical examples are given to show the effectiveness and the benefits of the proposed method.