Attention Guided Multi Scale Feature Fusion Network for Automatic Prostate Segmentation

The precise and automatic segmentation of prostate magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)images is vital for assisting doctors in diagnosing prostate diseases.In recent years,many advanced methods have been applied to prostate segmentation,but due to the variability caused by prostate diseases,automatic segmentation of the prostate presents significant challenges.In this paper,we propose an attention-guided multi-scale feature fusion network(AGMSF-Net)to segment prostate MRI images.We propose an attention mechanism for extracting multi-scale features,and introduce a 3D transformer module to enhance global feature representation by adding it during the transition phase from encoder to decoder.In the decoder stage,a feature fusion module is proposed to obtain global context information.We evaluate our model on MRI images of the prostate acquired from a local hospital.The relative volume difference(RVD)and dice similarity coefficient(DSC)between the results of automatic prostate segmentation and ground truth were 1.21%and 93.68%,respectively.To quantitatively evaluate prostate volume on MRI,which is of significant clinical significance,we propose a unique AGMSF-Net.The essential performance evaluation and validation experiments have demonstrated the effectiveness of our method in automatic prostate segmentation.

Accessory navicular in children

Accessory navicular(AN)is a developmental variation of the secondary ossification center of the navicular tuberosity.Ten percent of patients with AN will have pain symptoms that affect walking and life.As the AN changes the position of the posterior tibial tendon insertion,children with AN often have posterior tibial tendon function insufficiency and flexible flat foot.Surgical treatment is often required after failure of conservative treatment.This article reviewed the etiology,clinical manifestations,complications,and treatment methods of AN.

Expression of semaphorin 5A and its receptor plexin B3 contributes to invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma

AIM:To investigate the protein and mRNA expression of semaphorin 5A and its receptor plexin B3 in gastric carcinoma and explore its role in the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma.METHODS:Expression of semaphorin 5A and its receptor plexin B3 in 48 samples of primary gastric carcinoma,its corresponding non-neoplastic mucosa,and matched regional lymph node metastasis was assayed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR),real-time RT-PCR and Western blotting.RESULTS:The protein and mRNA expression of semaphorin 5A and its receptor plexin B3 increased gradually in non-neoplastic mucosa,primary gastric carcinoma and lymph node metastasis(P<0.05).Moreover,the expression of semaphorin 5A was closely correlated with that of plexin B3.CONCLUSION:Semaphorin 5A and its receptor plexin B3 play an important role in the invasion and metastasis of gastric carcinoma.

Anacardic acid(6-pentadecylsalicylic acid) induces apoptosis of prostate cancer cells through inhibition of androgen receptor and activation of p53 signaling

Anacardic acid （AA） is a mixture of 2-hydroxy-6-alkylbenzoic acid homologs. It is widely regarded as a non-specific histone acetyltransferase inhibitor of p300. The effects and the mechanisms of AA in LNCaP cells （prostate cancer cells） remain unknown. To investigate the effect of AA on LNCaP cells, we had carried out several experiments and found that AA inhibits LNCaP cell proliferation, induces G1/S cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of LNCaP cell. The mechanisms via which AA acts on LNCaP cells may be due to the following aspects. First, AA can regulate p300 transcription and protein level except for its mechanisms regulating function of p300 through post-translational modification in LNCaP cells. Second, AA can activate p53 through increasing the phosphorylation of p53 on Serl 5 in LNCaP cells. AA can selectively activate p21 （target genes of p53）. Third, AA can down-regulates androgen receptor （All） through supressing p300. Our study suggests that AA has multiple anti-tumor activities in LNCaP cells and warrants further investigation.

In Vitro Targeted Magnetic Delivery and Tracking of Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Particles Labeled Stem Cells for Articular Cartilage Defect Repair

To assess a novel cell manipulation technique of tissue engineering with respect to its ability to augment superparamagnetic iron oxide particles （SPIO） labeled mesenchymal stem cells （MSCs） density at a localized cartilage defect site in an in vitro phantom by applying magnetic force. Meanwhile, non-invasive imaging techniques were use to track SPIO-labeled MSCs by magnetic resonance imaging （MRI）. Human bone marrow MSCs were cultured and labeled with SPIO. Fresh degenerated human osteochondral fragments were obtained during total knee arthroplasty and a cartilage defect was created at the center. Then, the osteochondral fragments were attached to the sidewalls of culture flasks filled with phosphate-buffered saline （PBS） to mimic the human joint cavity. The SPIO-labeled MSCs were injected into the culture flasks in the presence of a 0.57 Tesla （T） magnetic force. Before and 90 min after cell targeting, the specimens underwent T2-weighted turbo spin-echo （SET2WI） sequence of 3.0 T MRI. MRI results were compared with histological findings. Macroscopic observation showed that SPIO-labeled MSCs were steered to the target region of cartilage defect. MRI revealed significant changes in signal intensity （P0.01）. HE staining exibited that a great number of MSCs formed a three-dimensional （3D） cell ＂sheet＂ structure at the chondral defect site. It was concluded that 0.57 T magnetic force permits spatial delivery of magnetically labeled MSCs to the target region in vitro. High-field MRI can serve as an very sensitive non-invasive technique for the visualization of SPIO-labeled MSCs.

Risk factors for intraocular metastasis of primary liver cancer in diabetic patients:Alpha-fetoprotein and cancer antigen 125

BACKGROUND In rare instances,primary liver cancer can be associated with intraocular metastasis(IOM).AIM To investigate the correlation between a diverse range of clinical characteristics and IOM in diabetic patients with primary liver cancer,and to determine potential risk factors in predicting IOM.METHODS We recruited a total of 722 diabetic patients with primary liver cancer.The differences between the IOM and non-intraocular metastasis(NIOM)groups in these patients were assessed using the chi-squared test and Student’s t-test.Binary logistic regression analysis was subsequently used to determine risk factors.Finally,the diagnostic value of IOM in this cohort with primary liver cancer was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic(ROC)curve analysis.RESULTS In all,13 patients had IOM.There were no remarkable intergroup differences with respect to age,sex,histopathological sub-types,or blood biochemical parameters.However,the IOM group had significantly higher alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)and cancer antigen 125(CA125)values than the NIOM group.Binary logistic regression identified AFP and CA125 to be significant risk factors for IOM in diabetic patients with primary liver cancer.ROC curve analysis showed that the area under the curve values for AFP and CA125 were 0.727 and 0.796,with the cut-off values of 994.20 ng/mL and 120.23 U/mL,respectively.The sensitivity and speci
city for AFP were 92.3%and 59.9%,while those for CA125 were 84.6%and 70.1%,respectively.CONCLUSION Elevated AFP and CA125 represent significant risk factors for IOM in diabetic patients with primary liver cancer.

Lithium inhibits proliferation of human esophageal cancer cell line Eca-109 by inducing a G_2/M cell cycle arrest

AIM： To investigate the effect of lithium on proliferation of esophageal cancer （EC） cells and its preliminary mechanisms. METHODS： Eca-109 cells were treated with lithium chloride, a highly selective inhibitor of glycogen synthase kinase 31） （GSK-31））, at different concentrations （2-30 mmol/L） and time points （0, 2, 4, 6 and 24 h）. Cell proliferative ability was evaluated by 3-（4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl）-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide （MTT） assay, and Cell cycle distribution was examined by flow cytometry. Expressions of p-GSK-3β, β-catenin, cyclin B1, cdc2 and cyclin D1 protein were detected by Western blotting, and the subcellular localization of β-catenin was determined by immunofluorescence. The mRNA level of of cyclin B1 was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. RESULTS： Lithium could inhibit the proliferation of Eca-109 cells. Lithium at a concentration of 20 mmol/L lithium for 24 h produced obvious changes in the distribution of cell cycle, and increased the number of cells in G2/M phase （P 〈 0.05 vs control group）. Western blotting showed that lithium inhibited GSK-β） by Ser-9 phosphorylation and stabilized free β-catenin in the cytoplasm. Immunofluorescence further confirmed that free β-catenin actively translocated to the nucleus. Horeover, lithium slightly elevated cyclin D1 protein expression, whereas lowered the cyclin B1 expression after 24 h lithium exposure and no obvious change was observed for cdc2 protein. CONCLUSION： Lithium can inhibit the proliferation of human esophageal cancer cell line Eca-109 by inducing a G2/H cell cycle arrest, which is mainly mediated through the inhibition of lithium-sensitive molecule, GSK-3β, and reduction of cyclin B1 expression.

Risk factors for corticosteroid insufficiency during the sub-acute phase of acute traumatic brain injury

Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysfunction may lead to the occurrence of critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency.Critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency can easily occur after traumatic brain injury,but few studies have examined this occurrence.A multicenter,prospective,cohort study was performed to evaluate the function of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the incidence of critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency during the sub-acute phase of traumatic brain injury.One hundred and forty patients with acute traumatic brain injury were enrolled from the neurosurgical departments of three tertiary-level hospitals in China,and the critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency incidence,critical-illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency-related risk factors,complications,and 28-day mortality among these patients was recorded.Critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency was diagnosed in patients with plasma total cortisol levels less than 10μg/dL(275.9 nM)on post-injury day 4 or when serum cortisol was insufficiently suppressed(less than 50%)during a dexamethasone suppression test on post-injury day 5.The results demonstrated that critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency occurred during the sub-acute phase of traumatic brain injury in 5.6%of patients with mild injury,22.5%of patients with moderate injury,and 52.2%of patients with severe injury.Traumatic brain injury-induced critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency was strongly correlated to injury severity during the sub-acute stage of traumatic brain injury.Traumatic brain injury patients with critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency frequently presented with hemorrhagic cerebral contusions,diffuse axonal injury,brain herniation,and hypotension.Differences in the incidence of hospital-acquired pneumonia,gastrointestinal bleeding,and 28-day mortality were observed between patients with and without critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency during the sub-acute phase of traumatic brain injury.Hypotension,brain-injury severity,and the types of traumatic brain injury were independent risk factors for traumatic brain injury-induced critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency.These findings indicate that critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency is common during the sub-acute phase of traumatic brain injury and is strongly associated with poor prognosis.The dexamethasone suppression test is a practical assay for the evaluation of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis function and for the diagnosis of critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency in patients with traumatic brain injury,especially those with hypotension,hemorrhagic cerebral contusions,diffuse axonal injury,and brain herniation.Sub-acute infection of acute traumatic brain injury may be an important factor associated with the occurrence and development of critical illness-related corticosteroid insufficiency.This study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University,China in December 2011(approval No.201189).

Alteration of P2X3 expression in dorsal root ganglia after sciatic nerve ligation

BACKGROUND： The expressions of P2X3 receptor in dorsal root ganglia （DRG） after different peripheral nerve injuries are diverse. It indicates the different roles of P2X3 in different models-caused neuropathologic pains. OBJECTIVE： To observe the expressions of P2X3 in corresponding DRG after sciatic nerve ligation in rots. DESIGN： Controlled observation experiment. SETTING： Department of Morphology, Hunan Traditional Chinese Medical College; Department of Human Anatomy and Neurobiology, Xiangya Medical College, Central South University. MATERIALS： Thirty-five healthy adult SD rots of clean grade an d either gender, weighing （ 200 ± 20 ） g, were involved. According to the random digits table, the involved rats were randomized into 3 groups： normal group （n =5）, sham-operated group （n =5） and experimental group （n =25）. The experimental group were subdivided into 3, 7, 14, 21, 28 days groups according to different surviving time after operation, 5 rots at each time point. Polyclonal rabbit anti-P2X3 antibody （ABCAM company）; biotinylated goat anti-rabbit IgG （Zhongshanjingqiao Biotechnical Co., Ltd., Beijing）; Motic fluorescence microscope （Motic, Germany）. METHODS： The experiments were carried out in the Department of Human Anatomy and Neurobiology, Xiangya Medical College, Central South University from June to December 2006. ① Rats of experimental group were created into models by ligation of right sciatic nerve according to the method of Seltzer et al. Left sciatic nerve was used as self-control. As for rats in the sham-operated group, ligation of sciatic nerve was omitted, but other procedures were the same as those in the experimental group. Rats of normal group were untouched, ② Rats of the normal group and sham-operated group survived for 14 days separately, and those of experimental group survived for corresponding time. After being deeply anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of over-dose sodium pentobarbital, the rots of experimental group were transcardially perfused. L4- 6 corresponding DRG connected to sciatic nerve were taken for preparing transverse sections serially. ③P2X3 expression in L4-6 DRG was detected by immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and image analysis techniques. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES： P2X3 expression in L4-6 DRG of rots in each group. RESULTS： Thirty-five SD rats were involved in the final analysis. ① P2X3 expression in DRG： In normal DRG of rots, there were abundant P2X3 immuno-positive small- and medium-sized primary sensory neurons, especially the small ones, which mostly received the input from C fibers. There were only a few large neurons expressing P2X3. The immuno-positive products mostly were located in the cytoplasm and processes. The expression of P2X3 had a slight but significant decrease in ipsilateml L4-6 DRG 3 days after sciatic nerve ligation, and a decreasing tendency was observed with the elongation of time. At 28 days, the expression had not returned to base line, and still maintained at a low level. ② P2X3 immuno-positive gray scale in DRG： P2X3 immuno-positive gray scale in ipsilateral side L4-6 DRG was 117.74±2.38, 129.12± 4.86, 133.56±3.79, 148.75±6.90 and 150.49±5.15, respectively at 3,7,14, 21 and 28 days after sciatic nerve ligation, which was significantly higher than that in the normal group and sham-operated group （ 105.11 ±3.52, 104.22 ± 5.41, F =78.861, P 〈 0.05 ） , also significantly higher than that in the contralateral side （105.53±5.85, 108.54±3.70, 104.07±4.16, 106.55±2.02, 106.29±5.19, t=3.48- 13.95, P〈 0.05 ） ; There were no significant differences when comparing sham-operated group or contralateral side at each time point with normal group （P 〉 0.05） CONCLUSION： P2X3 is significantly down regulated in L4-6 DRG after sciatic nerve ligation. It may exert certain effects in neuropathic pain.

Dark rearing maintains tyrosine hydroxylase expression in retinal amacrine cells following optic nerve transection

The present study examined changes in retinal tyrosine hydroxylase （TH） expression in rats having undergone optic nerve transection and housed under a normal day/night cycle or in the dark. The aim was to investigate the effects of amacrine cells on axonal regeneration in retinal ganglion cells and on the synapses that transmit visual signals. The results revealed that retinal TH expression gradually decreased following optic nerve transection in rats housed under a normal day/night cycle reaching a minimum at 5 days. In contrast, retinal TH expression decreased to a minimum at 1 day following optic nerve transection in dark reared rats, gradually increasing afterward and reaching a normal level at 5 7 days. The number of TH-positive synaptic particles correlated with the TH levels indicating that dark rearing can help maintain TH expression during the synaptic degeneration stage （5 7 days after optic nerve injury） in retinal amacrine cells.

Drain-site hernia after laparoscopic rectal resection:A case report and review of literature

BACKGROUND Drain-site hernia(DSH)has an extremely low morbidity and has rarely been reported.Small bowel obstruction is a frequent concurrent condition in most cases of DSH,which commonly occurs at the≥10 mm drain-site.Here we report a rare case of DSH at the lateral 5 mm port site one month postoperatively without visceral incarceration.Simultaneously,a brief review of the literature was conducted focusing on the risk factors,diagnosis,and prevention strategies for DSH.CASE SUMMARY A 76-year-old male patient was admitted to our institution with intermittent abdominal pain and a local abdominal mass which occurred one month after laparoscopic radical resection of rectal cancer one year ago.A computed tomography scan showed an abdominal wall hernia at the 5 mm former drain-site in the left lower quadrant,and that the content consisted of the large omentum.An elective herniorrhaphy was performed by closing the fascial defect and reinforcing the abdominal wall with a synthetic mesh simultaneously.The postoperative period was uneventful.The patient was discharged seven days after the operation without surgery-related complications at the 1-mo follow-up visit.CONCLUSION Emphasis should be placed on DSH despite the decreased use of intra-abdominal drainage.It is recommended that placement of a surgical drainage tube at the≥10 mm trocar site should be avoided.Moreover,it is advisable to have a comprehensive understanding of the risk factors for DSH and complete closure of the fascial defect at the drainage site for high-risk patients.

Platelet-Leukocyte Interaction and Thrombosis

Cerebrocardiac thrombotic disease such as acute my-ocardial infarction and acute ischemic stroke cause significant morbidity and mortality. Present therapies for these diseases besides anttcoagulation and fibrinolysis mainly aim toward limiting platelet adhesion and aggregation processes. However, their incomplete effectiveness suggests that other mechanisms may be important. Although the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms

Expression and significance of KAI1/CD82 and p27 in gastric carcinoma

Objective:To study the expression and significance of KAI1/CD82, p27 proteins in gastric carcinoma.Methods: The expressions of KAI1/CD82, p27 proteins were detected by immunohistchemistry S-P method in 58 cases of gastric carcinoma tissues and 23 normal gastric tissues.Results: The positive rates of KAI1/CD82 and p27 proteins in gastric carcinoma tissues were 29.3% and 34.4%, but 90% and 85% respectively in normal gastric tissue. And there is a significant difference between the two groups. The expression level of KAI1/CD82 and p27 proteins was significantly related to tumor invasive depth, grade of tumor differentiation, the clinical stage and lymph node metastasis, And has nothing to do with age or gender. There was a positive correlation between the expression of KAI1/CD82 and P27 in gastric cancer tissues.Conclusion: The expression of KAI1/CD82 and p27 protein may be involved in the initiation and development in gastric carcinoma, and the combined detection of KAI1/CD82 and p27 proteins may be significant in predicting the invision and metastasis of gastric carcinoma.

Effects of genistein and 17 beta-estradiol on hippocampal synaptophysin expression in ovariectomized rats

BACKGROUND： Phytoestrogen, derived from plants, is an estrogen-like element, and is effective and safe for estrogen replacement. OBJECTIVE： To compare the interventional effects of genistein and 17 S-estradiol on learning and memory and synaptophysin （SYN） expression in the hippocampus of ovariectomized rats.DESIGN： Randomized controlled animal study.SETTING： Department of Neurology, the Third Affiliated Hospital, Xiangya Medical College, Central South University. MATERIALS： 130 healthy female Sprague Dawley （SD） rats, 6 months old and weighing （293.1 ± 10.2） g, were provided by the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University. This animal experiment received confirmed consent from the local ethics committee. All rats were randomly divided into 5 groups, including baseline group （n= 10）, sham operation group （n = 30）, ovariectomized group （n = 30）, genistein group （n = 30）, and 17 β -estradiol group （n = 30）. Rats in the latter four groups were observed for 3 weeks （n = 10） and for 15 weeks （n = 20） after model establishment. METHODS： This study was performed at the Department of Endocrinology, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Xiangya Medical College, Central South University from August 2005 to January 2006. Animals were not submitted to any treatment in the baseline group, but anesthetized and sacrificed at the 7 months of age. After anesthesia in the ovariectomized, genistein, and 17 S-estradiol groups, both ovaries were separated and resected to establish an ovariectomized model. The same volume of fat was resected in the sham operation group. After surgery, rats were intraperitoneally injected with 5 mg/kg genistein in the genistein group,10μg/kg 17 β -estradiol in the 17 β-estradiol group, and 0.1 mL/100 g dimethyl sulfoxide （DMSO）/polyethylene glycol （PEG）-200 stock solution in the sham operation and ovariectomized groups once a day until one day before sacrifice. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES：① Learning and memory changes of SD rats were detected using water maze behavioral testing 3 and 15 weeks after surgery. ② SYN expression in the hippocampus was measured using immunohistochemistry. RESULTS： A total of 16 out of 130 rats died due to infection, and 114 rats were included in the final analysis. ① Comparison of water maze results from the five groups： by 3 and 15 weeks after surgery, escape latency was prolonged and platform-crossing times decreased in the ovariectomized group compared to the baseline, genistein, 17 β-estradiol, and sham operation groups （t = 4.17 14.64, P 〈 0.05）. However, there were no significant differences in escape latency and platform-crossing times among the sham operation, genistein, and 17 S-estradiol groups （P 〉 0.05）. ② Distribution and quantity of SYN immunoreactive products in hippocampus： SYN-immunoreactive cells stained darkly in the baseline and sham operation groups, but were lightly stained in the genistein, 17 S -estradiol, and ovariectomized groups. In particular, SYN-immunoreactive cells stained lightly in the ovariectomized group 15 weeks after surgery. SYN correction gray values in hippocampal sub-regions, especially in the mossy fiber layer of the CA3 region, of the ovariectomized group was lower compared to the baseline, sham operation, 17 β -estradiol, and genistein groups （t = 12.57 23.92, P 〈 0.05） 15 weeks after surgery. However, there were no significant differences in SYN correction gray values among the baseline, sham operation, 17 β -estradiol and genistein groups （P 〉 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Genistein or 17 β -estradiol supplemental therapy antagonizes memory deterioration, due to endogenous estrogen deficiency and blocks the decrease of SYN expression in the hippocampus. The effect of genistein is similar to 17 β -estradiol.

Selection of the Mimic Epitopes of Antigens from Schistosoma japonicum by Using Phage Display Techniques

To obtain short peptides simulating antigenic epitopes related to natural resistance against Schistosoma japonicum (S.j) in rats, and to explore their immune protection against S.j in mice, phage random peptide library of 12 amino acids were screened with purified IgG from normal rat sera. Positive clones that were obtained after three rounds of biopanning were detected by ELISA, and two of them were sequenced. Kunming mice were immunized with mixed phage clones. Each mouse was challenged with 40±1 S.j cercariae, and all mice were perfused 45 days post-challenge. The worms and the liver eggs were counted. The results were that the specific phages binding to IgG were enriched 300 folds after three rounds of biopanning. Twenty clones were detected by ELISA and 19 of them bound to the specific IgG of rat sera. The sequence of two clones revealed no homology with other sequences in the GenBank. Compared with the control groups, the reduction rates of the worm burden and liver egg were 33.6% and 59.8%, respectively. It was concluded that the specific peptides, which simulate antigenic molecules correlated with natural resistance to S.j in rats could be obtained by immunosceening phage random peptide library and a protective immunity against S.j can be detected by these epitopes in mice.

依诺沙星分散片的人体相对生物利用度研究

AIM: To study the relative bioequivalence of fusidic acid suspension and its contrastive suspension. METHODS: A single oral dose of 750 mg domestic fusidic acid suspension, and its contrastive suspension were given to 20 healthy volunteers in an open randomized and two way crossover design. The plasma concentrations were determined by HPLC method. RESULTS: The main pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows: Cmax were (31±5) and (30±6) μg/mL; tmax were (2.0±0.7) and (1.9±0.6) h; AUC0-48 were (43±136) and (436±105) μg·mL-1·h; AUC0-∞ were (460±140) and (451±108) μg·mL-1·h for the reference suspension and the test suspension, respectively. The relative bioavailability of domestic fusidic acid suspension was 100%±13%. CONCLUTION: Statistic analysis shows that the reference preparation and the test preparation were bioequivalent.

QCM Detection of Adhesion, Spreading and Proliferation of Human Breast Cancer Cells (MCF-7) on a Gold Surface

The quartz crystal microbalance （QCM） was used to monitor the one-day incubation of human breast cancer cells （MCF-7） on the gold electrode. In combination with an optical microscope simulation experiment, the cell-population pictures at various stages, the QCM responses to the cells＇ adhesion, spreading and proliferation on the electrode surface were discussed. The △f0 and △R1 responses were found mainly from mixed effects of viscodensity and surface stress, and in proportion to the cell coverage, rather than to the number of cells at the electrode. The significant fore-and-aft changes in cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy of the ferri-ferrocyanide redox couple also proved that the cells were adhesion to the gold surface.

Radiation Recall Reaction:Two Case Studies Illustrating an Uncommon Phenomenon Secondary to Anti-Cancer Agents

Radiation recall phenomenon is a tissue reaction that develops throughout a previously irradiated area,precipitated by the administration of certain drugs.Radiation recall is uncommon and easily neglected by physicians;hence,this phenomenon is underreported in literature.This manuscript reports two cases of radiation recall.First,a 44-year-old man with nasopharyngeal carcinoma was treated with radiotherapy in 2010 and subsequently developed multi-site bone metastases.A few days after the docetaxel-based chemotherapy,erythema and papules manifested dermatitis,as well as swallowing pain due to pharyngeal mucositis,developed on the head and neck that strictly corresponded to the previously irradiated areas.Second,a 19-year-old man with recurrent nasal NK/T cell lymphoma initially underwent radiotherapy followed by chemotherapy after five weeks.Erythema and edema appeared only at the irradiated skin.Both cases were considered chemotherapeutic agents that incurred radiation recall reactions.Clinicians should be knowledgeable of and pay attention to such rare phenomenon.

Intraductal papillary carcinoma of the breast: Analysis of mammography and MRI manifestations

Objective:To explore the diagnostic value of mammography and MRI in breast intraductal papillary carcinoma(IDPC)and compare the diagnostic value of the two methods.Methods:Collected 28 IDPC patients who underwent mammography and MRI from March 2011 to June 2019 and were confirmed by surgery and pathology.The imaging manifestations were analyzed and the accuracy of IDPC diagnosis was compared between the two methods.Results:Mammography of mammography:24 cases showed masses,3 cases showed asymmetric dense shadow with calcification,1 case showed large duct dilation in the areola area,and 6 cases showed short burrs on the edge of the tumor.MRI scan:28 cases of lesions had low signal intensity on T1WI and high signal on T2WI.19 cases showed cystic solid masses with small nodules on the cyst wall.25 cases showed obvious uneven enhancement lesions.The diagnostic accuracy of MRI was 89.3%.(25/28),the accuracy rate of mammography X-ray examination was 75.0%(21/28).There was no statistical difference in the diagnostic accuracy between the two methods,and it was not statistically significant(P=0.29).The combined use of the two inspection methods has a diagnostic accuracy rate of 96.4%.The combined two methods are more valuable than relying solely on mammography(P=0.03).Conclusion:IDPC is characterized by lobular or round masses.Large cysts with small nodules may be a special MRI manifestation of this cancer.Combining mammography and MRI can further improve the diagnosis of IDPC.

Research progress of stem cell therapy for liver cirrhosis

Liver cirrhosis is the terminal stage caused by various chronic liver injury.There are many complications and death in the late stage.There is no effective treatment method at present.In recent years,with the rapid development of regenerative medicine,the treatment of liver cirrhosis based on stem cell transplantation technology has become a new research hotspot.Scholars at home and abroad have carried out a series of basic and clinical research,and achieved certain results,which brings new hope for the majority of patients with liver cirrhosis.This article reviews the research progress of various types of stem cells in the treatment of liver cirrhosis.