AIM: To assess the clinical and economical validity of glutamine dipeptide supplemented to parenteral nutrition (PN) in patients undergoing abdominal surgery. METHODS: A meta-analysis of all the relevant randomized co...AIM: To assess the clinical and economical validity of glutamine dipeptide supplemented to parenteral nutrition (PN) in patients undergoing abdominal surgery. METHODS: A meta-analysis of all the relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed. The trials compared the standard PN and PN supplemented with glutamine dipeptide in abdominal surgery. RCTs were identified from the following electronic databases: the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE and ISI web of knowledge (SCI). The search was undertaken in April 2006. Literature references were checked by computer or hand at the same time. Clinical trials were extracted and evaluated by two reviewers independently. Statistical analysis was performed by RevMan4.2 software from Cochrane Collaboration. A P value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Nine RCTs involving 373 patients were included. The combined results showed that glutamine dipeptide has a positive effect in improving postoperative cumulative nitrogen balance (weighted mean difference (WMD = 8.35, 95% CI [2.98, 13.71], P = 0.002), decreasing postoperative infectious morbidity (OR = 0.24, 95% CI [0.06, 0.93], P = 0.04), shortening the length of hospital stay (WMD= -3.55, 95% CI [-5.26, -1.84], P < 0.00001). No serious adverse effects were found. CONCLUSION: Postoperative PN supplemented with glutamine dipeptide is effective and safe to decrease the infectious rate, reduce the length of hospital stay and improve nitrogen balance in patients undergoing abdominal surgery. Further high quality trials in children and severe patients are required, and mortality and hospital cost should be considered in future RCTs with sufficient size and rigorous design.展开更多
AIM The aim of this study is to investigate the possible correlation between the expression of Nurrl gene and selective cell death of dopamine (DA) neurons. Nurrl ( nuclear receptor-related factor 1 ) is highly expres...AIM The aim of this study is to investigate the possible correlation between the expression of Nurrl gene and selective cell death of dopamine (DA) neurons. Nurrl ( nuclear receptor-related factor 1 ) is highly expressed in mesencephalic DA system and specifically required for development and survival of DArgic neurons, the cells primarily lost and aggressive degenerated in Parkinson’s disease (PD). METHODS Firstly, SK-N-SH cells, which do not express endogenous Nurrl, were transfected with the pBK-RSV-Nurrl plasmid by LipofectAMINE and selected by G418. The expression of Nurrl protein in SK-N-SH/Nurrl cells was determined by immunocytochemistry. The effect of Nurrl gene on cell proliferation was also investigated.展开更多
Loss of dopaminergic i a compensatory increase in nput to the striatum associated with Parkinson＇ s disease brings about glutamate release onto the dopaminergic cell bodies in the substantia nigra pars compacta （SNp...Loss of dopaminergic i a compensatory increase in nput to the striatum associated with Parkinson＇ s disease brings about glutamate release onto the dopaminergic cell bodies in the substantia nigra pars compacta （SNpc）[1] Glutamate over-activation of NMDA receptors on these cells can cause excitotoxicity and contribute to their further loss. NMDA receptor-mediated neuronal death is reduced by group I mGluR-mediated up-regulation of endocytosis protein RAB5B[2.3] Among proteins shown to interact with RAB5 proteins is展开更多
Background This multicenter prospective study aimed to assess the utility of dynamic enhanced magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） prior to breast-conserving surgery for breast cancer.Methods The research subjects were ...Background This multicenter prospective study aimed to assess the utility of dynamic enhanced magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） prior to breast-conserving surgery for breast cancer.Methods The research subjects were drawn from patients with primary early resectable breast cancer treated in the breast disease centers of six three-level hospitals in Beijing from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2012.The participants were allocated to a breast-conserving surgery group （breast-conserving group） or a total mastectomy group （total mastectomy group）.Enhanced MRI was used to measure breast volume,longest diameter of tumor and tumor volume.The correlations between these measurements and those derived from histopathologic findings were assessed.The relationships between the success rate of breast-conserving surgery and MRI-and pathology-based measurement results were statistically analyzed in the breast-conserving group.Results The study included 461 cases in the total mastectomy group and 195 in the breast-conserving group.Allocation to these groups was based on clinical indications and patient preferences.The cut-off for concurrence between MRI-and pathology-based measurements of the longest diameter of tumor was set at 0.3 cm.In the total mastectomy group,the confidence interval for 95％ concurrence of these measurements was 35.41％-44.63％.Correlation coefficients for MRI and histopathology-based measurements of breast volume,tumor volume and tumor volume/breast volume ratio were r=0.861,0.569,and 0.600,respectively （all P ＜0.001）.In the breast-conserving group,with 0.30 cm taken as the cut-off for concurrence,the 95％ confidence interval for MRI and pathology-based measurements of the longest diameter of tumor was 29.98％-44.01％.The subjective and objective success rates for breast-conserving surgery were 100％ and 88.54％,respectively.Conclusions There were significant correlations between dynamic enhanced MRI-and histopathology-based measurements of the longest diameter of breast lesions,breast and tumor volumes,and breast volume/tumor volume ratios.Preoperative MRI examination improves the success rate of breast-conserving surgery.展开更多
Objective To review the recent development of functional MRI application in epilepsy. Data sources Both Chinese and English language literatures were researched using MEDLINE/ CD ROM (1996-2005) and the Chinese Biom...Objective To review the recent development of functional MRI application in epilepsy. Data sources Both Chinese and English language literatures were researched using MEDLINE/ CD ROM (1996-2005) and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Disk (1996-2005). Study selection Published articles about functional MRI application and epilepsy were selected.Data extraction Data were mainly extracted from 38 articles which are listed in the reference section of this review.Results fMRI can be used to localize seizure foci through detecting these cerebral hemodynamic changes produced by epileptiform discharges. EEG-triggered fMRI, which has higher spatial and temporal resolution, helps to detect the spatiotemporal pattern of spike origin and propagation, and define localization of the epileptogenic focus. fMRI is also useful in language and memory cognitive function assessment and presurgical assessment of refractory epilepsy. Atypically distributed cognitive function areas can be detected by fMRI, because of cortical language and memory areas reorganization during long-term epileptic activity in patients with epilepsy. Conclusions fMRI technique plays a very important role in cognitive function and presurgical assessment of patients with epilepsy. It is meaningful for understanding pathogenesis of epilepsy.展开更多
Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (SDAVF) is the most common type of spinal vascular malformation.~1 Surgical excision of SDAVF is the most effective treatment^(1,2) and the most often used procedure has been wide la...Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (SDAVF) is the most common type of spinal vascular malformation.~1 Surgical excision of SDAVF is the most effective treatment^(1,2) and the most often used procedure has been wide laminectomy,^(2,3) (which causes) instability of the spinal column. Therefore, we report the clinical results of 72 cases with SDAVF treated in our department by hemilaminectomy, which preserved the stability of the spinal column.展开更多
文摘AIM: To assess the clinical and economical validity of glutamine dipeptide supplemented to parenteral nutrition (PN) in patients undergoing abdominal surgery. METHODS: A meta-analysis of all the relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was performed. The trials compared the standard PN and PN supplemented with glutamine dipeptide in abdominal surgery. RCTs were identified from the following electronic databases: the Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE and ISI web of knowledge (SCI). The search was undertaken in April 2006. Literature references were checked by computer or hand at the same time. Clinical trials were extracted and evaluated by two reviewers independently. Statistical analysis was performed by RevMan4.2 software from Cochrane Collaboration. A P value of < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: Nine RCTs involving 373 patients were included. The combined results showed that glutamine dipeptide has a positive effect in improving postoperative cumulative nitrogen balance (weighted mean difference (WMD = 8.35, 95% CI [2.98, 13.71], P = 0.002), decreasing postoperative infectious morbidity (OR = 0.24, 95% CI [0.06, 0.93], P = 0.04), shortening the length of hospital stay (WMD= -3.55, 95% CI [-5.26, -1.84], P < 0.00001). No serious adverse effects were found. CONCLUSION: Postoperative PN supplemented with glutamine dipeptide is effective and safe to decrease the infectious rate, reduce the length of hospital stay and improve nitrogen balance in patients undergoing abdominal surgery. Further high quality trials in children and severe patients are required, and mortality and hospital cost should be considered in future RCTs with sufficient size and rigorous design.
文摘AIM The aim of this study is to investigate the possible correlation between the expression of Nurrl gene and selective cell death of dopamine (DA) neurons. Nurrl ( nuclear receptor-related factor 1 ) is highly expressed in mesencephalic DA system and specifically required for development and survival of DArgic neurons, the cells primarily lost and aggressive degenerated in Parkinson’s disease (PD). METHODS Firstly, SK-N-SH cells, which do not express endogenous Nurrl, were transfected with the pBK-RSV-Nurrl plasmid by LipofectAMINE and selected by G418. The expression of Nurrl protein in SK-N-SH/Nurrl cells was determined by immunocytochemistry. The effect of Nurrl gene on cell proliferation was also investigated.
文摘Loss of dopaminergic i a compensatory increase in nput to the striatum associated with Parkinson＇ s disease brings about glutamate release onto the dopaminergic cell bodies in the substantia nigra pars compacta （SNpc）[1] Glutamate over-activation of NMDA receptors on these cells can cause excitotoxicity and contribute to their further loss. NMDA receptor-mediated neuronal death is reduced by group I mGluR-mediated up-regulation of endocytosis protein RAB5B[2.3] Among proteins shown to interact with RAB5 proteins is
文摘Background This multicenter prospective study aimed to assess the utility of dynamic enhanced magnetic resonance imaging （MRI） prior to breast-conserving surgery for breast cancer.Methods The research subjects were drawn from patients with primary early resectable breast cancer treated in the breast disease centers of six three-level hospitals in Beijing from 1 January 2010 to 31 December 2012.The participants were allocated to a breast-conserving surgery group （breast-conserving group） or a total mastectomy group （total mastectomy group）.Enhanced MRI was used to measure breast volume,longest diameter of tumor and tumor volume.The correlations between these measurements and those derived from histopathologic findings were assessed.The relationships between the success rate of breast-conserving surgery and MRI-and pathology-based measurement results were statistically analyzed in the breast-conserving group.Results The study included 461 cases in the total mastectomy group and 195 in the breast-conserving group.Allocation to these groups was based on clinical indications and patient preferences.The cut-off for concurrence between MRI-and pathology-based measurements of the longest diameter of tumor was set at 0.3 cm.In the total mastectomy group,the confidence interval for 95％ concurrence of these measurements was 35.41％-44.63％.Correlation coefficients for MRI and histopathology-based measurements of breast volume,tumor volume and tumor volume/breast volume ratio were r=0.861,0.569,and 0.600,respectively （all P ＜0.001）.In the breast-conserving group,with 0.30 cm taken as the cut-off for concurrence,the 95％ confidence interval for MRI and pathology-based measurements of the longest diameter of tumor was 29.98％-44.01％.The subjective and objective success rates for breast-conserving surgery were 100％ and 88.54％,respectively.Conclusions There were significant correlations between dynamic enhanced MRI-and histopathology-based measurements of the longest diameter of breast lesions,breast and tumor volumes,and breast volume/tumor volume ratios.Preoperative MRI examination improves the success rate of breast-conserving surgery.
文摘Objective To review the recent development of functional MRI application in epilepsy. Data sources Both Chinese and English language literatures were researched using MEDLINE/ CD ROM (1996-2005) and the Chinese Biomedical Literature Disk (1996-2005). Study selection Published articles about functional MRI application and epilepsy were selected.Data extraction Data were mainly extracted from 38 articles which are listed in the reference section of this review.Results fMRI can be used to localize seizure foci through detecting these cerebral hemodynamic changes produced by epileptiform discharges. EEG-triggered fMRI, which has higher spatial and temporal resolution, helps to detect the spatiotemporal pattern of spike origin and propagation, and define localization of the epileptogenic focus. fMRI is also useful in language and memory cognitive function assessment and presurgical assessment of refractory epilepsy. Atypically distributed cognitive function areas can be detected by fMRI, because of cortical language and memory areas reorganization during long-term epileptic activity in patients with epilepsy. Conclusions fMRI technique plays a very important role in cognitive function and presurgical assessment of patients with epilepsy. It is meaningful for understanding pathogenesis of epilepsy.
文摘Spinal dural arteriovenous fistula (SDAVF) is the most common type of spinal vascular malformation.~1 Surgical excision of SDAVF is the most effective treatment^(1,2) and the most often used procedure has been wide laminectomy,^(2,3) (which causes) instability of the spinal column. Therefore, we report the clinical results of 72 cases with SDAVF treated in our department by hemilaminectomy, which preserved the stability of the spinal column.
