Necessity and Feasibility of Developing Low Carbon Agriculture in Xuzhou City

According to the characteristics of low carbon economy and low carbon agriculture at home and abroad,and combining with actual situations of agricultural development in Xuzhou City,the necessity of developing low carbon agriculture in Xuzhou City is analyzed by the perspectives of its agricultural production conditions,agricultural modernization,comprehensive competitive power,ecological civilization and low carbon economy. Simultaneously,the feasibility of developing low carbon agriculture in the city is discussed through low carbon technology,rural land management model,agricultural input channel,agriculture-related scientific research system,agricultural research transformation mechanism and rural personnel training program to provide some references for promoting the rapid and sound development of low carbon agriculture in Xuzhou City.

The Connotation Construction of Agriculture-related Majors in the Vocational Schools

Taking the case of vocational schools in Xuzhou City,we analyze the challenges and opportunities faced by the connotation construction of agriculture-related majors in vocational schools. And we discuss the focus of connotation construction of agriculture-related majors,by establishing one theme,building two aspects,deepening three reforms and highlighting four tasks,aiming to make the connotation construction of agriculture-related majors get somewhere,and provide strong support for agricultural science and technology innovation. Finally we put forth measures for the connotation construction of agriculture-related majors.

Effect of Fish Meal Replacement with Maggot Meal on the Growth Performance of Misgurnus anguillicaudatus

Maggot meal was used to replace 0, 20% , 40% , 60% , 80% , 100% of the fish meal in the hasal feed, getting 6 kinds of feed with the same nitrogen content and equal energy （marked as group H0, H20, H40, H60, H80, H100）, which were used to feed the Misgurnus anguillicaudatus （loach） for60 d. The effects of the fish meal replacement by maggot meal on the growth performance of M. anguiUicaudatus were studied by comparing the growth performances and body indica- tors of M. anguillicaudatus fed with different feed groups. The results showed that the final weight, weight gain rate, specific growth rate of the M. anguillicaudatus in group H40 showed no significant difference with the control P 〉0.05 ）, but was significantly higher than that of other groups P 〈0.05 ）. Moreover, except group H40, the feed coefficients of all other groups were significantly higher than that in control group （P 〈0.05 ）. The M. anguillicaudatus in group 1-140 had the highest condition factor and COR and the lowest viscera index, all of which showed significant differences with the other replacement groups （P 〈0.05） but the difference with the control group was not significant （P 〉 0.05）. Thus, a proportion of 40% of the fish meal replaced with maggot meal in the mixed feed for the M. anguilli- caudatus could improve the growth performance and physique indexes of M. anguillicaudatus.

Preliminary Discussion on Farm Animal Welfare and Its Influence on Brand and Consumption of Chinese Livestock Products

Farm animal welfare(FAW) affects the health and sustainable development of animal husbandry. However, at present,there are still a lot of damage to FAW, and the situation of FAW in China is worrying. In this paper, the concept of FAW and brand are sketched and the importance of FAW is emphasized through analyzing the impact of FAW on the brand and consumption of animal products in China. Advices that more importance should be attached to FAW, animal welfare awareness should be promoted to publicity, and FAW legislation should be speed up are proposed.

Present Situation and Prospect of Grub Control in Sweet Potato Field

Grub is one of the major pests affecting yield and quality of sweet potato. Although traditional chemical pesticides have quick effect, the disadvantages of high toxicity, strong pest resistance, and heavy pollution hinder the development of modern ecological agriculture, while physical means such as light trapping, sex pheromone method and biological control methods are more safe and lasting compared with chemical means. To provide reference and guidance for grub control and sweet potato production, the control methods against sweet potato grubs are comprehensively explored, and strategy and prospects of using biological technology to control pests are analyzed.

Research Progress on Harmless Treatment of Dead Livestock and Poultry with Alkaline Hydrolysis in China

China＇s animal husbandry industry has developed rapidly and the inventory of swine, poultry, and sheep has been in the first place in the world of late years. For several consecutive years, the annual slaughter swine has reached to more than 700 million head, 70 million head of carcasses, about 2 million tons. The number will be even more if cattle, sheep and poultry had been considered. If handled improperly, the large number of carcasses of livestock and poultry will seriously pollute environment and even bring food safety issues and harm to public health security. More and more concern has been attracted on harmless disposal of dead animals. Of all the harmless disposal methods on carcasses of livestock and poultry, the application and research of alkalizalion hydrolysisar （ AH ） are less and only restricted in the higher-level security laboratory field in China. The method of alkalization hydrolysis has the advantages of completely inactivating pathogenic microorganisms （including prions）, no harmful gas, simple operation, low cost, etc, which has the value of research and application. This paper summarized the characteristics and the sterilization effect of alkaline hydrolysis, and discussed the processing and application of AH products of animal carcasses ,meanwhile, introduced the types, research and application state of AH in China, finally, briefly discussed the application prospect of AH in China.

Research Progresses on Physiological Functions of Vitamin D

Vitamin D is a fat soluble vitamin that is foundin a variety of forms , amongwhich 1,25-（0H） 2D3 is themain active form. It not only exhibits a major physiological function to regulate the metabolism of calcium and phosphorus, but also relates to the prevention and treatment of a variety of diseases such as lung diseases, cancers, diabetes, tuberculosis, lupus erythematosus, autoimmune diseases and liver damage. In this paper, the latest research progresses of the physiological function of vitamin D were summarized and discussed, aiming at providing the solid basis for utilization and application of vitamin D.

Bioinformatics analysis of metallothionein gene from <i>Agaricus bisporus, Ganoderma lucidum, Taiwanofungus camphorates</i>and <i>Paxillus involutus</i>

Metallothionein (MT) gene has an important role in the detoxification of toxic metals especially some heavy metals. Based on the published sequences of MT genes from Agaricus bisporus, Garnoderma lucidum, Taiwanofungus camphoratus and Paxillus involutus as a type of the edible or medical mushroom in NCBI database, their molecular structures, physiological functions and evolutionary relationship were analyzed using the bioinformatics methods. Results showed that AbMT, GlMT, TcMT and PiMT genes contained complete open reading frame (ORF) and their theoretical points of the last three encoding proteins were higher than 7.0. AbMT, GlMT, TcMT and PiMT were relatively rich in random coil and extended strand, but transmembrane helices and signal peptides were not found. 4 MTs were mainly localized in cell nucleus (over 60%) and their cellular functions might have some relation to central intermediary metabolism. Multiple sequence alignment indicated relatively high identity (more than 52%) and short genetic distances (lower than 0.900) among 4 MT nucleotide sequences. Abundant genetic diversity and strong codon bias were found based on the halotype diversity, average number of nucleotide differences, nucleotide diversity, effective number of codons, codon bias index and scaled chisquare. Simultaneously, we deduced that 4 MT genes during molecular evolution were under positive selection. The present study might provide basis for further investigation of MTs molecular mechanisms and genetic laws.

Effect of New Fly Maggot Protein Feed on mRNA Expression of TOR Signaling Pathway-related Genes in Loaches (Misgurnus anguillicaudatus)

[Objectives] This study was conducted to explore the effects of new fly maggot protein feed on the mRNA expression of genes related to the TOR signaling pathway in loaches(Misgurnus anguillicaudatus). [Methods] Two kinds of test feed with equal nitrogen and energy were prepared by replacing 60% of the fish meal in the control group with the new fly maggot protein feed, i.e., Diet1(control group) and Diet2(60% fish meal replacement group). The feeding experiment was carried out in an indoor circulating water system, and the breeding period was 60 d. [Results] For the livers, the mRNA levels of TOR and 4EBP1 in the Diet2 group were significantly higher than those in the Diet1 group(P<0.05), while the expression of 4 EBP2 was lower than in the Diet1 group(P<0.05);and as to the muscles, the mRNA levels of TOR and 4EBP1 in the Diet2 group were significantly lower than those in the Diet1 group(P<0.05), while there was no significant change in the mRNA level of 4EBP2 between the two groups. [Conclusions] The replacement of fish meal by fly maggot cultures affected the mRNA expression of TOR, 4EBP1 and 4EBP2 in loach livers and muscles.

Preliminary Analysis on the Welfare of Adult Breeding Boar on Scale Swine Farm in China

Not so much attention has been paid to animal welfare in many pig farms in China yet and there are still some violations of Animal Welfare Practices.Breeding boar is the core of modern pig farm,which is responsible for the reproductive task of supplying sperm for sows. With the development of artificial insemination,breeding boar plays an increasingly important role in pig production and the welfare of it is becoming more and more important. The problems existing in the welfare of breeding boar in China scale pig farm were analyzed from the aspects of rearing method,feed,environment condition,exercise,artificial semen collection,sexual behavior and environment enrichment and the corresponding measures or countermeasures were put forwards to improve their welfare level.

Music Effects on Swine Welfare:a Sumarry

Music is a form of art that people use to relax, entertain, or express their inner feelings as they act on his particular occasion. Modern scientific research shows that animals, like humans, have complex nervous systems and have certain perception of music. Music can affect animal emotions, affect animal immune function and so on. As people pay more attention to farm animal welfare, more and more researches regard music as a means to improve animal welfare. In this context, the research on the impact of music on the welfare of swine has also begun to attract attention in recent years. This paper briefly reviews the related concepts of animal welfare, its relationship with humans, the mechanism of music and its research on the impact on swine in order to attract more professionals and researchers in animal welfare, music and pig farming.