ADA研究中心现代建筑研究所,北京,中国

一个“白盒子”的植入由王昀创建并主持的ADA研究中心现代建筑研究所位于北京西城区北京建筑大学科研楼的4层。这栋建筑建于1950年代，采用传统的设计语言。研究所改造面积65．5m2。

Prognosis value of heat-shock proteins in esophageal and esophagogastric cancer:A systematic review and meta-analysis

BACKGROUND Heat shock proteins(HSPs)are molecular chaperones that play an important role in cellular protection against stress events and have been reported to be overex-pressed in many cancers.The prognostic significance of HSPs and their regulatory factors,such as heat shock factor 1(HSF1)and CHIP,are poorly understood.AIM To investigate the relationship between HSP expression and prognosis in esophageal and esophagogastric cancer.METHODS A systematic review was conducted in accordance with PRISMA recommend-ations(PROSPERO:CRD42022370653),on Embase,PubMed,Cochrane,and LILACS.Cohort,case-control,and cross-sectional studies of patients with eso-phagus or esophagogastric cancer were included.HSP-positive patients were compared with HSP-negative,and the endpoints analyzed were lymph node metastasis,tumor depth,distant metastasis,and overall survival(OS).HSPs were stratified according to the HSP family,and the summary risk difference(RD)was calculated using a random-effect model.RESULTS The final selection comprised 27 studies,including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(21),esophagogastric adenocarcinoma(5),and mixed neoplasms(1).The pooled sample size was 3465 patients.HSP40 and 60 were associated with a higher 3-year OS[HSP40:RD=0.22;95%confidence interval(CI):0.09-0.35;HSP60:RD=0.33;95%CI:0.17-0.50],while HSF1 was associated with a poor 3-year OS(RD=-0.22;95%CI:-0.32 to-0.12).The other HSP families were not associated with long-term survival.HSF1 was associated with a higher probability of lymph node metastasis(RD=-0.16;95%CI:-0.29 to-0.04).HSP40 was associated with a lower probability of lymph node dissemination(RD=0.18;95%CI:0.03-0.33).The expression of other HSP families was not significantly related to tumor depth and lymph node or distant metastasis.CONCLUSION The expression levels of certain families of HSP,such as HSP40 and 60 and HSF1,are associated with long-term survival and lymph node dissemination in patients with esophageal and esophagogastric cancer.

Functional Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (F-RYGB), with Preservation of Duodenal Access: Report of Two Revisional Cases of Sleeve Gastrectomy

Objective: This case report aimed to demonstrate a possible neuromuscular effect of Latarjet nerves transection or truncal vagotomy, in association with sleeve gastrectomy plus antrojejunostomy, in order to reproduce a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) mechanistic principles, in patients with previous Sleeve Gastrectomy (SG) who had had weight regain, with or without concomitant gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Background: Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) is one of the most frequently performed bariatric operations worldwide. Nevertheless, weight regain and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) have been consistently demonstrated, in association with this technique, which may require a revisional procedure. RYGB is an option in such a situation but, implies in gastrointestinal exclusions, which represents a shortcoming of this revision. Surpassing this inconvenient would be of great value for the patients. Methods: We describe herein two cases of SG revision for weight regain and GERD, with a follow-up of one year. Gastroesophageal reflux disease was evaluated by validated questionnaire, upper endoscopy, seriography, high resolution manometry (HRM) and impedance pHmetry (I-pHmetry), in the pre and postoperative periods. A re-Sleeve Gastrectomy with antrojejunal anastomosis was done in both cases, after informed consents. The Latarjet nerves were transected in one case, due to a bleeding in the left gastric vessels and a truncal vagotomy was required in the other, to appropriately treat an associated hiatal hernia. Results: In the postoperative evaluation it was observed a pyloric spasm in both cases, during seriography and endoscopy, kept until the one-year follow-up. There was unidirectional contrast flow to the gastrointestinal anastomosis, filling the jejunal limb, in radiologic contrast study. No contrast passed through the pylorus. Nonetheless, the duodenum was kept endoscopically accessible. In the one-year evaluation, weight loss was adequate and GERD resolution was obtained in both cases, confirmed by endoscopic and functional esophageal assessment, together with symptoms questionnaire. Conclusion: The association of Latarjet nerves sectioning or truncal vagotomy with re-sleeve gastrectomy plus gastrointestinal anastomosis (antrojejunal), in a revision for a failed sleeve, can represent a technical approach, to reproduce RYGB results, without exclusions and with duodenum endoscopic accessibility maintenance. It maybe could be applied for primary surgeries. Additional studies are necessary to confirm this hypothesis.

Influence of lithospheric thickness distribution on oil and gas basins,China seas and adjacent areas

The distribution of oil and gas resources is intricately connected to the underlying structure of the lithosphere.Therefore,investigating the characteristics of lithospheric thickness and its correlation with oil and gas basins is highly important.This research utilizes recently enhanced geological–geophysical data,including topographic,geoid,rock layer thickness,variable rock layer density,and interface depth data.Employing the principles of lithospheric isostasy and heat conduction,we compute the laterally varying lithospheric thickness in the China seas and adjacent areas.From these results,two pivotal parameters for different types of oil and gas basins were statistically analyzed:the minimum lithospheric thickness and the relative fluctuation in lithospheric thickness.A semiquantitative analysis was used to explore the connection between these parameters and the hydrocarbon abundance within the oil and gas basins.This study unveils distinct variations in lithospheric thickness among basins,with oil and gas rich basins exhibiting a thicker lithosphere in the superimposed basins of central China and a thinner lithosphere in the rift basins of eastern China.Notably,the relative fluctuations in lithospheric thickness in basins demonstrate significant disparities:basins rich in oil and gas often exhibit greater thickness fluctuations.Additionally,in the offshore basins of China,a conspicuous negative linear correlation is observed between the minimum lithospheric thickness and the relative fluctuation in lithospheric thickness.This study posits that deep-seated thermal upwelling results in lithospheric undulations and extensional thinning in oil and gas basins.Concurrently,sustained deep-seated heat influences sedimentary materials in basins,creating favorable conditions for oil and gas generation.The insights derived from this study contribute to a quantitative understanding of the intricate relationships between deep lithospheric structures and oil and gas basins.These findings provide valuable guidance for future oil and gas exploration in the studied areas.

Thoracoscopy in Cameroon: Indications, Technics and Short Term Results

Introduction: Thoracoscopy is a video-assisted surgical approach that mirrors the techniques used in thoracotomy. Our aim is to map the current state of thoracoscopy practice in Cameroon’s hospitals. Methods: This was a descriptive study that collected both retrospective and prospective data over 57 months across four hospitals in Cameroon. It included 13 patients and focused on variables such as socio-demographic factors, clinical profiles, surgical procedures, and postoperative follow-up. Results: Thirteen patients, predominantly male (84.6%, n = 11), with a mean age of 37.5 ± 16 years, were enrolled. Alcohol use (61.5%) and smoking (38.5%) were the most common past histories. The major complaints were dyspnea (84.6%) and chest pain (58.3%). The primary surgical procedure was clot-free thoracoscopy in 30.8% of cases, mainly for persistent hemothorax (41.8%). Most surgeries were elective (76.9%) and performed under general anesthesia with selective intubation (61.5%). The most common approach was single-port thoracoscopy (U-VATS) (76.9%), with no reported difficulties;however, one intraoperative incident occurred and was successfully treated. Drainage was performed systematically in all patients, and one case required conversion to open surgery. Postoperative complications were minor (Clavien-Dindo grade I) and mainly consisted of pain, with a mortality rate of 15.4%. No significant association was found between risk factors and the occurrence of complications or postoperative mortality. Conclusion: Thoracoscopy, a novel approach in our context, primarily focuses on minor thoracic surgeries.

Interactions of extracellular DNA with aromatized biochar and protection against degradation by DNaseⅠ

With increasing environmental application,biochar(BC)will inevitably interact with and impact environmental behaviors of widely distributed extracellular DNA(eDNA),which however still remains to be studied.Herein,the adsorption/desorption and the degradation by nucleases of eDNA on three aromatized BCs pyrolyzed at 700℃were firstly investigated.The results show that the eDNA was irreversibly adsorbed by aromatized BCs and the pseudo-second-order and Freundlich models accurately described the adsorption process.Increasing solution ionic strength or decreasing pH below 5.0 significantly increased the eDNA adsorption on BCs.However,increasing pH from 5.0 to 10.0 faintly decreased eDNA adsorption.Electrostatic interaction,Ca ion bridge interaction,andπ-πinteraction between eDNA and BC could dominate the eDNA adsorption,while ligand exchange and hydrophobic interactions were minor contributors.The presence of BCs provided a certain protection to eDNA against degradation by DNase I.BC-bound eDNA could be partly degraded by nuclease,while BC-bound nuclease completely lost its degradability.These findings are of fundamental significance for the potential application of biochar in eDNA dissemination management and evaluating the environmental fate of eDNA.

2005年第五届ADA国际水草造景大赛佳作赏析

由日本ADA有限公司举办的“2005年第五届国际水草造景比赛”结果现已揭晓，本次比赛吸引了来自33个国家和地区的894位参赛者参加，共提交参赛作品894幅，这个数字超过了历届比赛，是有史以来参赛人数和国家最多的一次。为了确保顺利、公正的评定如此之多的参赛作品，评选出这一世界级比赛的优胜者，

2005年第五届ADA国际水草造景大赛佳作赏析

Oliverknott先生应用大型水槽和水草造景，使此作品给人以大方生动的感觉，所配植的水草种植技术也很捧。

2005年第五届ADA国际水草造景大赛佳作赏析

这是一个美丽的造景，色彩平衡方面非常出色，繁茂的有茎草令人倾倒。要维持如此一个布景，是需要非常丰富的经验和技艺。我们由此可感受到富丽与华贵。

从空间观念差异到形式分化——构成主义艺术空间化的三条线索

构成主义艺术对现代建筑的影响可谓深远,而构成主义对建筑影响的核心介质即空间观念。本研究以构成主义中的空间观念为入手点,对构成主义空间观念特征加以总结,探究不同空间观念的差异与空间观念影响下的形式变化。以定性分析法归纳不同空间观念与形式间差异,并结合个案研究法加以实证。对构成主义中的空间观念与形式差异的研究有助于现代建筑空间发展与演变脉络的廓清,也为当代建筑空间观念的解读提供更为清晰的思考路径。

Mesenchymal stem cell-and extracellular vesicle-based therapies for Alzheimer's disease:progress,advantages,and challenges

Alzheimer's disease is a severe, highly disabling neurodegenerative disease, clinically characterized by a progressive decline in cognitive functions, and is the most common form of dementia in the elderly. For decades, the search for disease-modifying therapies has focused on the two main Alzheimer's disease histopathological hallmarks, seeking to prevent, mitigate, or clear the formation of extracellular aggregates of β-amyloid peptide and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles of tau protein, although without clinical success. Mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy has emerged as a promising alternative for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, especially because it also targets other crucial players in the pathogenesis of the disease, such as neuroinflammation, synaptic dysfunction/loss, oxidative stress, and impaired neurogenesis. Herein, we review current knowledge of the therapeutic potential of mesenchymal stem cells and their extracellular vesicles for Alzheimer's disease, discussing the most recent findings in both preclinical and clinical trials as well as how advanced technologies have helped to overcome some limitations and contributed to stimulate the development of more effective treatments.

Farmers’precision pesticide technology adoption and its influencing factors:Evidence from apple production areas in China

The research aimed to understand farmers’willingness to adopt(WTA)and willingness to pay(WTP)for precision pesticide technologies and analyzed the determinants of farmers’decision-making.We used a two-stage approach to consider farmers’WTA and WTP for precision pesticide technologies.A survey of 545 apple farmers was administered in Bohai Bay and the Loess Plateau in China.The data were analyzed using the double-hurdle model.The results indicated that 78.72%of respondents were willing to apply precision pesticide technologies provided by service organizations such as cooperatives and dedicated enterprises,and 69.72%were willing to buy the equipment for using precision pesticide technologies.The results of the determinant analysis indicated that farmers’perceived perceptions,farm scale,cooperative membership,access to digital information,and availability of financial services had significant and positive impacts on farmers’WTA precision pesticide technologies.Cooperative membership,technical training,and adherence to environmental regulations increased farmers’WTP for precision pesticide technologies.Moreover,nonlinear relationships between age,agricultural experience,and farmers’WTA and WTP for precision pesticide technology services were found.

Physical fitness before and during the COVID-19 pandemic:Results of annual national physical fitness surveillance among 16,647,699 Japanese children and adolescents between 2013 and 2021

Background:Limited nationally representative evidence is available on temporal trends in physical fitness(PF)for children and adolescents during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic.The primary aim was to examine the temporal trends in PF for Japanese children and adolescents before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.The secondary aim was to estimate the concurrent trends in body size(measured as body mass and height)and movement behaviors(exercise,screen,and sleep time).Methods:Census PF data for children in Grade 5(aged 10-11 years)and adolescents in Grade 8(aged 13-14 years)were obtained for the years 2013-2021 from the National Survey of Physical Fitness,Athletic Performance,and Exercise Habits in Japan(n=16,647,699).PF and body size were objectively measured,and movement behaviors were self-reported.Using sample-weighted linear regression,temporal trends in mean PF were calculated before the pandemic(2013-2019)and during the pandemic(2019-2021)with adjustments for age,sex,body size,and exercise time.Results:When adjusted for age,sex,body size,and exercise time,there were significant declines in PF during the pandemic,with the largest declines observed in 20-m shuttle run(standardized(Cohen’s)effect size(ES)=-0.109 per annum(p.a.))and sit-ups performance(ES=-0.133p.a.).The magnitude of the declines in 20-m shuttle run and sit-ups performances were 18-and 15-fold larger,respectively,than the improvements seen before the pandemic(2013-2019),after adjusting for age,sex,body size,and exercise time.During the pandemic,both body mass and screen time significantly increased,and exercise time decreased.Conclusion:Declines in 20-m shuttle run and sit-ups performances suggest corresponding declines in population health during the COVID-19pandemic.

Appendicular Mucocele with Robotic Partial Typhlectomy and Correction of Rectus Abdominal Muscles’ Diastasis: A Case Report

Low-grade appendiceal mucinous neoplasm (LAMN) is rare, and patients are often asymptomatic or have nonspecific symptoms. Appendicectomy should be performed with care and limited handling of the appendix, with extraction of the specimen through an extraction bag to prevent perforation and spillage of mucin, which can result in the development of pseudomyxoma peritonei (PMP). This case report aims to shed light on the approach to appendicular mucocele in contemporary medicine. The reported case shows a presentation of mucocele in a young female patient with symptoms compatible with appendicitis. This case report serves as an example of how to diagnose, manage, and follow-up on appendicular mucocele treatment for colleagues who may encounter similar conditions.

Blockchain-Based Decentralized Authentication Model for IoT-Based E-Learning and Educational Environments

In recent times,technology has advanced significantly and is currently being integrated into educational environments to facilitate distance learning and interaction between learners.Integrating the Internet of Things(IoT)into education can facilitate the teaching and learning process and expand the context in which students learn.Nevertheless,learning data is very sensitive and must be protected when transmitted over the network or stored in data centers.Moreover,the identity and the authenticity of interacting students,instructors,and staff need to be verified to mitigate the impact of attacks.However,most of the current security and authentication schemes are centralized,relying on trusted third-party cloud servers,to facilitate continuous secure communication.In addition,most of these schemes are resourceintensive;thus,security and efficiency issues arise when heterogeneous and resource-limited IoT devices are being used.In this paper,we propose a blockchain-based architecture that accurately identifies and authenticates learners and their IoT devices in a decentralized manner and prevents the unauthorized modification of stored learning records in a distributed university network.It allows students and instructors to easily migrate to and join multiple universities within the network using their identity without the need for user re-authentication.The proposed architecture was tested using a simulation tool,and measured to evaluate its performance.The simulation results demonstrate the ability of the proposed architecture to significantly increase the throughput of learning transactions(40%),reduce the communication overhead and response time(26%),improve authentication efficiency(27%),and reduce the IoT power consumption(35%)compared to the centralized authentication mechanisms.In addition,the security analysis proves the effectiveness of the proposed architecture in resisting various attacks and ensuring the security requirements of learning data in the university network.

Growth phenology adjusts to seasonal changes in water availability in coexisting evergreen and deciduous mediterranean oaks

Different leaf(evergreen vs.deciduous habit)and xylem(diffuse-vs.ring-porous wood)traits represent contrasting strategies to face seasonal changes in water availability and temperature.However,how contrasting leaf and xylem habits of coexisting tree species affect stem wood formation and tree-ring development remains poorly understood.Here,we investigated the spatio-temporal patterns of wood formation in two deciduous oaks(Quercus faginea and Quercus petraea)and two evergreen oaks(Quercus ilex and Quercus suber)coexisting in seasonally dry Mediterranean forests along an aridity gradient in Spain.We hypothesized that growth responses to drought and intra-and inter-annual growth patterns would differ between functional groups.We simulated intra-and interannual growth using a modified version of the Vaganov-Shashkin(VS)process-based,growth model.The VS model simulations were used to estimate growth changes under a high emission scenario(RCP 8.5)for the current distribution of the study oak species and to forecast their future performance under warm(4.8℃)conditions in the Iberian Peninsula.Our simulations indicate that climate warming would induce a shortening of the ringgrowth season and a reduction of radial growth in evergreen and deciduous Mediterranean oaks,particularly in dry sites from southern and eastern Iberia currently occupied by Q.ilex and Q.faginea.Evergreen oaks may better recover after dry periods than deciduous oaks by resuming growth after the summer drought.Low soil water availability in spring would be more detrimental to growth of deciduous oaks.Process-based growth models should be refined and validated to better forecast changes in tree growth as a function of climate.

中国近代房地产的兴起,和建筑业、建筑师之间的关系

在中国近代时期,房地产的兴起决定着建设的开展,分有几个波段,而每个波段所兴起的建设皆因当时的情况而异,形成了近代多面向的房地产业的发展,也让建筑业与房地产业之间的关系变成了密不可分,建筑师与房地产开发商形成了一种"契约"关系,建筑项目进入到了商业、买卖和开发的阶段,中国近代建筑师也因此活跃于房地产业建筑当中,彼此构成了项目委托和循环的合作关系。

音乐·乐谱·空间·建筑

音乐家和建筑现在记录和呈现自己的空间概念时所采取的方式有所差异(乐谱和平面图)。然而,在这两种不同的呈现方式均以"空间"这一单纯的主题为收束点的瞬间,音乐、乐谱。

兴业建筑:倾向于“现代建筑”的试验与操作

前后期同学 兴业建筑师事务所（“兴业建筑”），由徐敬直、杨润钧、李惠伯于1933年合办，3人皆毕业于（美国）密歇根大学建筑工程系，是前后期的同学。 “华盖建筑”合伙人——徐敬直 徐敬直，籍贯广东香山（今广东中山），1906年出生在上海的一个买办世家，是徐润之孙、徐之元之次子。

从“不内化”到“内化”的小天地——由“胜景·几何”个展(微展)观察李兴钢的创作发展

楔子2013年秋,"胜景·几何"——李兴钢建筑工作室作品微展在哥伦比亚大学北京建筑中心(北京方家胡同46号院)开展。在展览中,李兴钢以"模型"和"影像"的方式呈现了他近几年的设计思考和探索,并做了阶段性的总结。若回顾李兴钢的创作发展轨迹,从展览中不难发现其所呈现的论述和成果是"有迹可循"的。