Exploring multifaceted factors in chronic kidney disease risk: A comprehensive analysis of biochemistry, lifestyle, and inflammation in elderly Chinese individuals

This letter praises a recent article in the World Journal of Clinical Cases(Roles of biochemistry data,lifestyle,and inflammation in identifying abnormal renal function in old Chinese),examining factors affecting abnormal renal function in elderly Chinese using advanced machine learning.It highlights the importance of uric acid,age,hemoglobin,body mass index,sport hours,and systolic blood pressure.The study's holistic approach,integrating lifestyle and inflammation,offers a nuanced understanding of chronic kidney disease risk factors.The letter suggests exploring mechanistic pathways of hyperuricemia,the link between anemia and renal function,and the connection between body mass index and estimated glomerular filtration rate.It advocates investigating physical activity's impact on renal health and the independent effects of blood pressure.The study significantly contributes to chronic kidney disease understanding,proposing avenues for further exploration and interventions.Commendations are extended to the authors and the journal.

HERMITE MATRIX POLYNOMIALS AND SECOND ORDER MATRIX DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

In this paper we introduce the class of Hermite's matrix polynomials which appear as finite series solutions of second order matrix differential equations Y'-xAY'+BY=0.An explicit expression for the Hermite matrix polynomials,the orthogonality property and a Rodrigues' formula are given.

Application of Statistical Methods to Assess Carbon Monoxide Pollution Variations within an Urban Area

In recent years there have been considerable new legislation and efforts by vehicle manufactures aimed at reducing pollutant emission to improve air quality in urban areas. Carbon monoxide is a major pollutant in urban areas, and in this study we analyze monthly carbon monoxide (CO) data from Valencia City, a representative Mediterranean city in terms of its structure and climatology. Temporal and spatial trends in pollution were recorded from a monitoring net- work that consisted of five monitoring sites. A multiple linear model, incorporating meteorological parameters, annual cycles, and random error due to serial correlation, was used to estimate the temporal changes in pollution. An analysis performed on the meteorologically adjusted data reveals a significant decreasing trend in CO concentrations and an annual seasonal cycle. The model parameters are estimated by applying the least-squares method. The standard error of the parameters is determined while taking into account the serial correlation in the residuals. The decreasing trend im- plies to a certain extent an improvement in the air quality of the study area. The seasonal cycle shows variations that are mainly associated with traffic and meteorological patterns. Analysis of the stochastic spatial component shows that most of the intersite covariances can be analyzed using an exponential variogram model.

Single-Particle Analysis in An Indoor Working Environment in Valencia, Spain

Actually is recognized the importance of indoor air environment and associated health risks. In order to evaluate indoor air quality and to characterize the particles in terms of size, composition and shape were done measurements of the suspended particulate matter in a mechanical workshop of the Polytechnic University of Valencia (Spain). These measurements were performed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) with energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX) and image digital analysis. To differentiation of individual particles in the fine- ultrafine fraction, in some case, was used the atomic force microscopy (AFM). Multivariate statistics, such as hierarchical cluster analysis and factor analysis were appliqued and allowed to establish groups of elements and in this way to facilitate the identification of the natural and anthropogenic sources. It is confirmed that indoor air is influenced by outdoor surroundings and the anthropogenic sources due to the daily activity.

Assessment of Saltwater Intrusion and Discharges to a Wetland with a 3D Transient Variable Density Flow Model: The Coastal Plane Oropesa-Torreblanca Aquifer, Spain

The proper characterization of coastal aquifers requires modeling variable density flow effects. However, most models estimate processes as saline intrusion based on 2D models with constant density and are rarely calibrated to honor salinity measurements. These facts limit the model predictions reliability, affecting the estimated hydrodynamic parameters, external stresses, and other model outputs that can be critical for planning or management decisions. This paper describes the re-assessment of a coastal aquifer model (Oropesa-Torreblanca, eastern Spain) subjected to moderate-to-high saline intrusion with a transient 3D variable density flow model. Previous models were based on 2D low-resolution grids without variable density effects. The new model honors the observed trends of both piezometric and salinity data. Results show the importance of the variable density effects having on critical outputs as sea intrusion and the discharges to a local wetland of high environmental value. The widespread intrusion process and its current stabilization are confirmed but, compared to previous models, the annual average intrusion is 156% higher, discharge to the wetland increases 30%, and the inflows from neighboring formations increase 22%. The more accurate aquifer models, as well as the new discharges and intrusion estimations, are important contributions for future water and environmental planning decisions in the area.

Quinoa Expansion in Peruvian Departments and Land Use Change before the Health Crisis

National and international policies have promoted quinoa consumption, influencing the expansion of the crop, and generating changes in land use. In this article, we analyzed the evolution of quinoa cultivation in Peru both at the national and departmental levels. Time series analysis vas used to. Between 1951 and 2019, the evolution of the quinoa-harvested areas in Peru has gone through various stages, first in regression until 1990, and then it has experienced a growth rate of 10%. Puno is still by far the department where the crop is most widespread. Taking into account the geographical and technological conditions, this highland area is less likely to maintain the rate of expansion than the Peruvian coast, which will imply great challenges for Andean farmers who have maintained the traditional crop throughout the period.

Modeling Multiple Quantum Well and Superlattice Solar Cells

The inability of a single-gap solar cell to absorb energies less than the band-gap energy is one of the intrinsic loss mechanisms which limit the conversion efficiency in photovoltaic devices. New approaches to “ultra-high” efficiency solar cells include devices such as multiple quantum wells (QW) and superlattices (SL) systems in the intrinsic region of a p-i-n cell of wider band-gap energy (barrier or host) semiconductor. These configurations are intended to extend the absorption band beyond the single gap host cell semiconductor. A theoretical model has been developed to study the performance of the strain-balanced GaAsP/InGaAs/GaAs MQWSC, and GaAs/GaInNAs MQWSC or SLSC. Our results show that conversion efficiencies can be reached which have never been obtained before for a single-junction solar cell.

Risk assessment of chemical substances of safety concern generated in processed meats

This manuscript is reviewing the presence of substances of safety concern that may be generated in different types of meat products.Such substances include N-nitrosamines that can be generated under certain conditions when using nitrite as preservative,the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons generated as a consequence of particular smoking processes,heterocyclic aromatic amines generated under particular cooking conditions,compounds released from the oxidation of lipids and proteins,Maillard reaction products like acrylamide and carboxymethyl lysine,and amines that can be generated and accumulated in fermented meats.These hazardous compounds,their mechanisms of generation,risks for health and ways of preventing its presence in meat products are briefly described in this review.

Preface to Special Issue on Zeolite Materials and Catalysis

沸石是有分子的尺寸的常规隧道和笼子的水晶的多微孔的材料。由于他们的唯一的结构和酸的性质，自从 1950 年代末，他们广泛地在石油化学、化学的工业被使用了。例如，沸石在催化裂开和 hydrocracking.Faujasites 是的液体被用作催化剂第一分子的筛申请了催化目的。今天， FAU 仍然是在催化转变使用的最重要的沸石结构类型。工业上重要的沸石综合地被生产。尽管工业催化剂从 FAU， MFI，粗腐殖质， FER 和 BEA 被拉的大多数组织类型，也有世界范围的尝试综合改进沸石结构，作文，和物理性质怎么影响催化转变的理解的新结构类型。现在，沸石拓扑学的 225 种类型被国际沸石协会(IZA-SC ) 的结构委员会识别了，包括超过 40 自然地发生的沸石 frameworks.This 特刊是 “Zeolite 材料和 Catalysis” 的 state-of-art 的更改它盖住沸石和他们的催化反应的合成和描述。一评论， 2 通讯，和 13 篇研究文章在这期特刊被包括。评论纸集中于最近的进展在固态沸石(冯登) 的 NMR 描述。通讯面对表面活化剂用像板的形态学盖住 SAPO-5 沸石的没有溶剂的合成(小凤寿， Xiangju Meng ) 并且进为催化申请的 Al 免费的贝它沸石框架的铈原子的加入(Naijia Guan，戴维莉) 。研究文章与 Eni 碳硅酸盐的为残余裂开的 FCC 催化剂添加剂(于继宏)，合成和描述在 Si/Ga 系统准备了的不同硅石/氧化铝比率集中于 ZSM-5 沸石的利用( Giuseppe Bellussi ， Michela Bellettato )，从用 bifunctional 的葡萄糖的 5-Hydroxymethyl 糠醛的一个壶合成[ Sn ，艾尔]贝它催化剂(吴鹏)，为甲烷 aromatization 的 Mo/HZSM-5 的激活( 埃米尔·J·M 。Hensen ) ，从胶体的 nanocrystalline 先锋(宋维国) 装配的订的 mesoporous silicalite-1 沸石， cyclohexanone 的异构的氧化由钛硅酸盐沸石 TS-1 催化：联合试验性并且 DFT 研究(邹晓东)， zeolitic imidazolate 框架的 ionothermal 合成和合成溶解结晶化机制( Zhijian Tian )，用单个micropore模板的层次地结构化的 ZSM-5 沸石的一个壶合成(史建林， Zile Hua )， N 的地点和取向，在由X光检查同步加速器衍射和分子的建模( Sankar Gopinathan )的 AEI 框架的 N-diisopropyl ethylamine 模板，反应上的锌种类的影响国际著名研究写的论文的高质量在这个高度令人激动的研究区域组织将显示这期特刊为未来研究 activity.We 快车的一本好参考书我们对所有作者的真诚的感谢。

Reassessment of Prejanopterus curvirostris, a Basal Pterodactyloid Pterosaur from the Early Cretaceous of Spain

Prejanopterus curvirostra, from the Early Cretaceous of La Rioja province, was the first pterosaur genus and species described from Spain. The material comprises disarticulated cranial and postcranial remains from several individuals. The fossil-bearing bed is assigned to the lacustrine Leza Formation （eastern Cameros Basin, NW margin of the Iberian Range）. This unit is regarded as either Berriasian-Valanginian or Barremian-Aptian. Prejanopterus curvirostris （specific name emended） was originally diagnosed on the basis of several characters of which the most significant was a lateral curvature of the rostrum. Re-examination of the holotype （rostrum） and paratype （partial rostrum with teeth） indicates that there is no genuine sideways bend of the preserved premaxilla-maxilla segments, but a slight dorsal curvature. Prejanopterus is characterized by a unique combination of characters： an emended diagnosis is provided. In contrast with previous estimates, the wing span of Prejanopterus was probably not much （if ever） in excess of 2 m. A phylogenetic analysis suggests that Prejanopterus is a basal pterodactyloid positioned between Pterodactylus and Cycnorhamphus- Gallodactylus. Prejanopterus represents the first evidence of Pterodactylidae in the Early Cretaceous of the Iberian Peninsula.

Encapsulation of Almond Essential Oil by Co-Extrusion/Gelling Using Chitosan as Wall Material

Encapsulation confers protection to substances as essential oils from processes like oxidation, evaporation or uncontrolled release. In this study almond oil capsules were obtained by co-extrusion/gelling technique. Chitosan was used as shell material and sodium triphosphate pentabasic as cross linking agent. Different encapsulation process variables were studied: cross-linker concentration, nozzles size and potential. Optical microscopy was used to determine the capsules morphology and degradability tests were performed in order to study capsules degradation over time. Results showed that nozzles size and cross linking concentration are key variables to consider in the encapsulation process. Degradability tests showed rapid weight loss.

线型和非线型分子转动光谱强度的统计模型(英文)

In this study, we found regular behavior, from a statistical point of view, in the intensities of rotational spectra for several organic and inorganic molecules at room temperature. Non-linear molecules, for which a common intensity behavior was derived, were especially interesting. We provided theoretical support for the obtained results based on the Boltzmann distribution. Boltzmann power laws were used to reproduce the statistical behavior of the intensities from the spectra of linear and non-linear molecules. We only used statistical arguments and no specific details of any molecule were used. Therefore, these results are applicable to a large class of atoms and molecules and the model is valid when considering similar conditions to those used in this study.

Some additive results on Drazin inverse

In this paper, we investigate additive results of the Drazin inverse of elements in a ring R. Under the condition ab = ha, we show that a ＋ b is Drazin invertible if and only if aaD （a ＋ b） is Drazin invertible, where the superscript D means the Drazin inverse. Furthermore we find an expression of （a ＋ b）D. As an application we give some new representations for the Drazin inverse of a 2 × 2 block matrix.

Biological insights in non-small cell lung cancer

Lung oncogenesis relies on intracellular cysteine to overcome oxidative stress.Several tumor types,including non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC),upregulate the system x-c cystine/glutamate antiporter(xCT)through overexpression of the cystine transporter SLC7A11,thus sustaining intracellular cysteine levels to support glutathione synthesis.Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2(NRF2)serves as a master regulator of oxidative stress resistance by regulating SLC7A11,whereas Kelch-like ECH-associated protein(KEAP1)acts as a cytoplasmic repressor of the oxidative responsive transcription factor NRF2.Mutations in KEAP1/NRF2 and p53 induce SLC7A11 activation in NSCLC.Extracellular cystine is crucial in supplying the intracellular cysteine levels necessary to combat oxidative stress.Disruptions in cystine availability lead to iron-dependent lipid peroxidation,thus resulting in a type of cell death called ferroptosis.Pharmacologic inhibitors of xCT(either SLC7A11 or GPX4)induce ferroptosis of NSCLC cells and other tumor types.When cystine uptake is impaired,the intracellular cysteine pool can be sustained by the transsulfuration pathway,which is catalyzed by cystathionine-B-synthase(CBS)and cystathionine g-lyase(CSE).The involvement of exogenous cysteine/cystine and the transsulfuration pathway in the cysteine pool and downstream metabolites results in compromised CD8^(+)T cell function and evasion of immunotherapy,diminishing immune response and potentially reducing the effectiveness of immunotherapeutic interventions.Pyroptosis is a previously unrecognized form of regulated cell death.In NSCLCs driven by EGFR,ALK,or KRAS,selective inhibitors induce pyroptotic cell death as well as apoptosis.After targeted therapy,the mitochondrial intrinsic apoptotic pathway is activated,thus leading to the cleavage and activation of caspase-3.Consequently,gasdermin E is activated,thus leading to permeabilization of the cytoplasmic membrane and cell-lytic pyroptosis(indicated by characteristic cell membrane ballooning).Breakthroughs in KRAS G12C allele-specific inhibitors and potential mechanisms of resistance are also discussed herein.

Heat Production Partition in Sheep Fed above Maintenance from Indirect Calorimetry Data

The objective of this study is to compare the partition of heat energy (HE) in two sheep breeds by indirect calorimetry and integral calculus. An experiment was conducted with two Spanish native sheep breeds (dry and non-pregnant) which were fed with pelleted mixed diets above maintenance. Six Guirras and six Manchegas breed sheep were selected (58.8 ± 3.1 and 60.2 ± 3.2 kg body weight, respectively). All sheep were fed with the same concentrate mixed ration (0.300 kg cereal straw as forage and 0.700 kg concentrate) in two meals. Half the daily ration was offered at 800 h and another half at 1600 h. The sheep had free access to water. Sheep were allocated in metabolic cages;energy balance and gas exchange were assessed in each sheep. The statistical analyses included the fixed effect of breed and random effect of sheep. The metabolic energy (ME) for maintenance represented 69% of the total ME intake and the average was 354 kJ per kg of metabolic body weight (kg0.75 BW) on average. The basal metabolism (HeE) was greater (P < 0.05) in Guirra than Manchega breed (270 ± 18 vs. 247 ± 15 kJ/kg0.75 BW and day). As sheep were fed with above maintenance, the retained energy in the body accounted for 22% of the ME intake and 77% of the ME intake was lost as heat. 51% of the MEI was converted to HeE;5% was lost as physical activity of standing and lying down (HjE), and 13% was associated with the process of feeding and work of digestion and metabolism (HdE). Within HdE, 47% represented the cost of intake and feeding and 54% the cost of digestion and metabolism. No differences in HE partition between breeds were found, although Guirra breed showed less efficiency of energy retention than Manchega breed. Therefore, this study demonstrated a tentative approach of partitioning HE, combining indirect calorimetry and integral calculus.

Environmental Impacts (ER CO₂) of an Improved Multi-Fuel Gasifier Forced Air Cookstove in the City of Kinshasa

Sub-Saharan African countries depend 80% on the biomass-wood to meet their daily needs in terms of cooking foods. Traditional cookstoves are much more used to this effect. Many change programmes for replacing cookstove model have been planned. Yet many of these programmes have not been preceded by environmental impact studies. This work offers high-performance cookstove models and determines their impact on the reduction of CO2 emissions, a very harmful greenhouse gas causing the planet warming and climate change. Replacing the traditional cookstove by an improved stove may lead to an economy in terms of fuel ranging from 33.2% to 75.4% according to the model of cookstoves. Yet the Gasifier using pellets as fuel remains the most beneficial stove in terms of fuel saving (75.4%) and in terms of ER CO2, i.e. 2748 t CO2/Year. An improved gasifier cookstove is multi-fuel. He can use charcoal, pellets and wood. This is an indispensable cooking tool with alternative fuels. In this work, the ER CO2 was evaluated using two methods. The KPT, which is a field method and the CCT which is a laboratory method. By the KPT method a gasifier ICS/GAS/P records up to an ERCO2 of 2748 t CO2/Year, while with the same gasifier, an ERCO2 of 2619 t CO2/year is found by the CCT method. The comparison between the two methods shows the same trend but with very high values of ERCO2 for the KPT method results. The variation between the two methods ranges between 1% approximately to 6.9 percent.

Transportation Safety Requirements in the Use of Pushchairs on Buses

The safe use of buses by passengers travelling with pushchairs for young children is a mobility problem that has not yet been satisfactorily resolved. The lack of national and international standards in this area in the past led to the development of a research project developed jointly by the Universitat Politecnica Valencia and the Universidad Politecnica Madrid （Spain）. This paper shows a comparative study to evaluate the dynamic behaviour in case of low-g accidents reproducing frontal impacts resembling real traffic events （deceleration 2g, AV 20 km/h） of a new pushchair restraint system against the use of back-restraint by pushchairs as establishes R 107- 06 series of amendments. In the dynamic trials, three pushchair restraint prototypes and a typical wheelchair back-restraint system combined with two worst-case up-to-date pushchair models in misuse and correct use configurations were tested. The results demonstrated the need for preventing children injuries as a consequence of low-g accidents. The new design meets and improves the latest revision of regulation R 107 regarding the use of restraint systems for the transport of wheelchair and pushchair passengers and represents an advance for pushchairs travelling on buses.

Ostrowski’s Method for Solving Nonlinear Equations and Systems

The dynamic characteristics and the efficiency of the Ostrowski’s method allow it to be crowned as an excellent tool for solving nonlinear problems.This article shows different versions of the classic method that allow it to be applied to a wide range of engineering problems.Among them stands out the derivative-free definition applying divided differences,the introduction of memory and its extension to the resolution of nonlinear systems of equations.All of these versions are compared in a numerical simulations section where the results obtained are compared with other classic methods.

ON THE BEST APPROXIMATION MATRIX PROBLEM FOR INTEGRABLE MATRIX FUNCTIONS

In this paper positive definite matrix functionals defined on a set of square integrable matrix valued functions are introduced and studied. The best approximation problem is solved in terms of matrix Fourier series. Riemann-Lebesgue matrix property and a Bessel-Parseval matrix inequality are given.

Residential end-uses disaggregation and demand response evaluation using integral transforms

Demand response is a basic tool used to develop modern power systems and electricity markets. Residential and commercial segments account for 40%–50% of the overall electricity demand. These segments need to overcome major obstacles before they can be included in a demand response portfolio. The objective of this paper is to tackle some of the technical barriers and explain how the potential of enabling technology(smart meters) can be harnessed, to evaluate the potential of customers for demand response(end-uses and their behaviors) and,moreover, to validate customers’ effective response to market prices or system events by means of non-intrusive methods. A tool based on the Hilbert transform is improved herein to identify and characterize the most suitable loads for the aforesaid purpose, whereby important characteristics such as cycling frequency, power level and pulse width are identified. The proposed methodology allows the filtering of aggregated load according to the amplitudes of elemental loads, independently of the frequency of their behaviors that could be altered by internal or external inputs such as weather or demand response. In this way, the assessment and verification of customer response can be improved by solving the problem of load aggregation with the help of integral transforms.