BACKGROUND The lack of specific predictors for type-2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)severely impacts early intervention/prevention efforts.Elevated branched-chain amino acids(BCAAs:Isoleucine,leucine,valine)and aromatic amin...BACKGROUND The lack of specific predictors for type-2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)severely impacts early intervention/prevention efforts.Elevated branched-chain amino acids(BCAAs:Isoleucine,leucine,valine)and aromatic amino acids(AAAs:Tyrosine,tryptophan,phenylalanine)show high sensitivity and specificity in predicting diabetes in animals and predict T2DM 10-19 years before T2DM onset in clinical studies.However,improvement is needed to support its clinical utility.AIM To evaluate the effects of body mass index(BMI)and sex on BCAAs/AAAs in new-onset T2DM individuals with varying body weight.METHODS Ninety-seven new-onset T2DM patients(<12 mo)differing in BMI[normal weight(NW),n=33,BMI=22.23±1.60;overweight,n=42,BMI=25.9±1.07;obesity(OB),n=22,BMI=31.23±2.31]from the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province,Kunming,China,were studied.One-way and 2-way ANOVAs were conducted to determine the effects of BMI and sex on BCAAs/AAAs.RESULTS Fasting serum AAAs,BCAAs,glutamate,and alanine were greater and high-density lipoprotein(HDL)was lower(P<0.05,each)in OB-T2DM patients than in NW-T2DM patients,especially in male OB-T2DM patients.Arginine,histidine,leucine,methionine,and lysine were greater in male patients than in female patients.Moreover,histidine,alanine,glutamate,lysine,valine,methionine,leucine,isoleucine,tyrosine,phenylalanine,and tryptophan were significantly correlated with abdominal adiposity,body weight and BMI,whereas isoleucine,leucine and phenylalanine were negatively correlated with HDL.CONCLUSION Heterogeneously elevated amino acids,especially BCAAs/AAAs,across new-onset T2DM patients in differing BMI categories revealed a potentially skewed prediction of T2DM development.The higher BCAA/AAA levels in obese T2DM patients would support T2DM prediction in obese individuals,whereas the lower levels of BCAAs/AAAs in NW-T2DM individuals may underestimate T2DM risk in NW individuals.This potentially skewed T2DM prediction should be considered when BCAAs/AAAs are to be used as the T2DM predictor.展开更多
This study investigates the breakdown voltage characteristics in sulfur hexafluoride(SF6)circuit breakers,employing a novel approach that integrates both experimental investigations and finite element simulations.Util...This study investigates the breakdown voltage characteristics in sulfur hexafluoride(SF6)circuit breakers,employing a novel approach that integrates both experimental investigations and finite element simulations.Utilizing a sphere-sphere electrode configuration,we meticulously measured the relationship between breakdown voltage and electrode gap distances ranging from 1 cm to 4.5 cm.Subsequent simulations,conducted using COMSOL Multiphysics,mirrored the experimental setup to validate the model’s accuracy through a comparison of the breakdown voltage-electrode gap distance curves.The simulation results not only aligned closely with the experimental data but also allowed the extraction of detailed electric field strength,electric potential contours,and electric current flow curves at the breakdown voltage for gap distances extending from 1 to 4.5 cm.Extending the analysis,the study explored the electric field and potential distribution at a constant voltage of 72.5 kV for gap distances between 1 to 10 cm,identifying the maximum electric field strength.A comprehensive comparison of five different electrode configurations(sphere-sphere,sphere-rod,sphere-plane,rod-plane,rod-rod)at 72.5 kV and a gap distance of 1.84 cm underscored the significant influence of electrode geometry on the breakdown process.Moreover,the research contrasts the breakdown voltage in SF6 with that in air,emphasizing SF6’s superior insulating properties.This investigation not only elucidates the intricate dynamics of electrical breakdown in SF6 circuit breakers but also contributes valuable insights into the optimal electrode configurations and the potential for alternative insulating gases,steering future advancements in high-voltage circuit breaker technology.展开更多
INTRODUCTION.It is said that necessity is the mother of invention.When this author was contacted about sharing an article that could help gemologists learn more about origin determination,it seemed like a perfect oppo...INTRODUCTION.It is said that necessity is the mother of invention.When this author was contacted about sharing an article that could help gemologists learn more about origin determination,it seemed like a perfect opportunity to provide information about our own laboratory’s invention,Hyperion.This is a tool we crafted to meet our own necessity,particularly as we faced the challenge of origin determination.展开更多
BACKGROUND Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD)is the leading cause of mortality in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Weight loss is a key factor for successful NAFLD and CVD therapy.Ursod...BACKGROUND Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD)is the leading cause of mortality in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Weight loss is a key factor for successful NAFLD and CVD therapy.Ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA),which is one of the first-line therapeutic agents for treatment of NAFLD,is reported to have a beneficial effect on dyslipidemia and ASCVD risk because of antioxidant properties.AIM To evaluate the effects of 6 mo of UDCA treatment on hepatic function tests,lipid profile,hepatic steatosis and fibrosis,atherogenesis,and ASCVD risk in men and women with NAFLD,as well as to assess the impact of>5%weight reduction on these parameters.METHODS An open-label,multicenter,international noncomparative trial was carried out at primary health care settings and included 174 patients with ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD who received 15 mg/kg/d UDCA for 6 mo and were prescribed lifestyle modification with diet and exercise.The efficacy criteria were liver enzymes,lipid profile,fatty liver index(FLI),noninvasive liver fibrosis tests(nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score and liver fibrosis index),carotid intima-media thickness(CIMT),and ASCVD risk score.To test statistical hypotheses,the Wilcoxon test,paired t-test,Fisher’s exact test,and Pearson's chi-squared test were used.RESULTS The alanine aminotransferase(ALT)level changed by-14.1 U/L(-31.0;-5.3)from baseline to 3 mo and by-6.5 U/L(-14.0;0.1)from 3 to 6 mo.The magnitude of ALT,aspartate transaminase,and glutamyltransferase decrease was greater during the first 3 mo of treatment compared to the subsequent 3 mo(P<0.001,P<0.01,P<0.001,respectively).At 6 mo,in the total sample,we observed a statistically significant decrease in body weight and levels of FLI:84.9±10.4 vs 72.3±17.6,P<0.001,total cholesterol:6.03±1.36 vs 5.76±1.21,Р<0.001,lowdensity lipoprotein:3.86±1.01 vs 3.66±0.91,Р<0.001,and triglyceride:3.18(2.00;4.29)vs 2.04(1.40;3.16),Р<0.001.No effect on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score or liver fibrosis index was found.The CIMT decreased significantly in the total sample(0.985±0.243 vs 0.968±0.237,P=0.013),whereas the highdensity lipoprotein(Р=0.036)and 10-year ASCVD risk(Р=0.003)improved significantly only in women.Fifty-four patients(31%)achieved>5%weight loss.At the end of the study,the FLI decreased significantly in patients with(88.3±10.2 vs 71.4±19.6,P<0.001)and without>5%weight loss(83.5±10.3 vs 72.8±16.7,P<0.001).The changes in ALT,aspartate transaminase,glutamyltransferase,total cholesterol,and low-density lipoprotein levels were similar between the subgroups.CONCLUSION UDCA normalizes liver enzymes greatly within the first 3 mo of treatment,improves lipid profile and hepatic steatosis independent of weight loss,and has a positive effect on CIMT in the total sample and 10-year ASCVD risk in women after 6 mo of treatment.展开更多
Telecommunications Regulatory Commission of Sri Lanka is the governing body which is responsible for the frequency allocation and monitoring the unauthorized Electromagnetic frequency(EMF)signal transmitting violation...Telecommunications Regulatory Commission of Sri Lanka is the governing body which is responsible for the frequency allocation and monitoring the unauthorized Electromagnetic frequency(EMF)signal transmitting violations.However,in Sri Lanka,currently there is not any proper mechanism to monitor the radiation hazard level and its impact to the people living in the vicinity of mobile communication towers.There are approximately 7000 mobile transmitting towers in Sri Lanka to date and the used frequency range lies between 900 MHz to 3 GHz for mobile communication.Over the last few decades,many of the health hazard conditions were reported due to the radiation of those harmful EMFs.To cater this problem,a portable real time EMF signal strength measuring system with a radiation hazard level indicator was developed to monitor the EMF level and its impact.The proposed system operates with three intermediate frequency bands(i.e.900 MHz,1800 MHz and 2400 MHz)and it’s capable of measuring the power density and the radiation hazard level at that particular point which is being measured.Moreover,the corresponding radiation hazard level is indicated with reference to the standard power density levels published by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection(ICNIRP^(*)).The system works with the overall accuracy of 88%in terms of identifying the power densities and its corresponding radiation hazard levels.展开更多
Cra a 4 is a heat stable allergen in oyster,the effect of Maillard reaction on the immunoreactivity and structure of Cra a 4 was investigated.Firstly,Cra a 4 was cloned,expressed and identified.The purified Cra a 4 wa...Cra a 4 is a heat stable allergen in oyster,the effect of Maillard reaction on the immunoreactivity and structure of Cra a 4 was investigated.Firstly,Cra a 4 was cloned,expressed and identified.The purified Cra a 4 was incubated with xylose at 100℃,pH 8.5 for 30 min or with glucose for 60 min.After Maillard reaction,the IgE-binding activity of Cra a 4 and in vitro digested samples was reduced by about 50%.The unfoldα-helix and higher surface hydrophobicity of glycated Cra a 4 were identified as the reason for hypo-immunoreactivity.The higher frequency of lysine(13%)in the primary structure and exposure on the surface of the spatial structure was attributed to the hypo-immunoreactivity of Cra a 4 after Maillard reaction.It comprehensively evaluated the effects of Maillard reaction on Cra a 4 and provids new methods for the industrial production of hypoallergenic oyster.The modified Cra a 4 by Maillard reaction could be a hypoallergenic therapeutic agent for allergy to oyster.展开更多
In the published article,there was an error in the affiliation information about the first author Uttpal Anand[a].Instead of"Department of Life Sciences,Ben-Gurion University of the Negev,Beer-Sheva 84105,Israel&...In the published article,there was an error in the affiliation information about the first author Uttpal Anand[a].Instead of"Department of Life Sciences,Ben-Gurion University of the Negev,Beer-Sheva 84105,Israel",it should be"CytoGene Research&Development LLP,K-51,UPSIDA Industrial Area,Kursi Road(Lucknow),Dist.Barabanki,225001,Uttar Pradesh,India".The authors would like to apologize for any inconvenience caused and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of thearticle inanyway.展开更多
Cancer is an abnormal state of cells where they undergo uncontrolled proliferation and produce aggressive malignancies that causes millions of deaths every year.With the new understanding of the molecular mechanism(s)...Cancer is an abnormal state of cells where they undergo uncontrolled proliferation and produce aggressive malignancies that causes millions of deaths every year.With the new understanding of the molecular mechanism(s)of disease progression,our knowledge about the disease is snowballing,leading to the evolution of many new therapeutic regimes and their successive trials.In the past few decades,various combinations of therapies have been pro-posed and are presently employed in the treatment of diverse cancers.Targeted drug therapy,immunotherapy,and personalized medicines are now largely being employed,which were not common a few years back.The field of cancer discoveries and therapeutics are evolving fast as cancer type-specific biomarkers are progressively being identified and several types of cancers are nowadays undergoing systematic therapies,extending patients’disease-free survival thereafter.Although growing evidence shows that a systematic and targeted approach could be the future of cancer medicine,chemotherapy remains a largely opted therapeutic option despite its known side effects on the patient’s physical and psychological health.Chemother-apeutic agents/pharmaceuticals served a great purpose over the past few decades and have remained the frontline choice for advanced-stage malignancies where surgery and/or radiation therapy cannot be prescribed due to specific reasons.The present report succinctly reviews the existing and contemporary advancements in chemotherapy and assesses the status of the enrolled drugs/pharmaceuticals;it also comprehensively discusses the emerging role of specific/targeted therapeutic strategies that are presently being employed to achieve better clinical success/survival rate in cancer patients.展开更多
An increasing number of low,medium,and high resolution SAR satellites creates a demand for a generalized sensor model to replace the rigorous sensor model(RSM).The rational polynomial coefficient(RPC)model is a generi...An increasing number of low,medium,and high resolution SAR satellites creates a demand for a generalized sensor model to replace the rigorous sensor model(RSM).The rational polynomial coefficient(RPC)model is a generic sensor model which accurately fits the object-image geometry for various sensor systems with different coefficient values.It has been widely used as an alternative to RSM for photogrammetric processing of optical images,but its applications to SAR images are rarely discussed in publications.In this paper,the feasibility and practicability of the RPC model for SAR images are studied.The RPC model can not only be used to replace the RSM(range–Doppler model for SAR),but also applied to the processing chain for SAR data,thus facilitating the processing of SAR and InSAR data for end users.展开更多
基金Project(11972112)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(N2103024)supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,China。
基金Supported by the Open Project Grant for Clinical Medical Center of Yunnan Province,No.2019LCZXKF-NM03Medical Leader Training Grant,No.L-201624and Yunnan Province Ten Thousand Talents:“Medical Expert”grant,No.YNWR-MY-2019-020.
文摘BACKGROUND The lack of specific predictors for type-2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)severely impacts early intervention/prevention efforts.Elevated branched-chain amino acids(BCAAs:Isoleucine,leucine,valine)and aromatic amino acids(AAAs:Tyrosine,tryptophan,phenylalanine)show high sensitivity and specificity in predicting diabetes in animals and predict T2DM 10-19 years before T2DM onset in clinical studies.However,improvement is needed to support its clinical utility.AIM To evaluate the effects of body mass index(BMI)and sex on BCAAs/AAAs in new-onset T2DM individuals with varying body weight.METHODS Ninety-seven new-onset T2DM patients(<12 mo)differing in BMI[normal weight(NW),n=33,BMI=22.23±1.60;overweight,n=42,BMI=25.9±1.07;obesity(OB),n=22,BMI=31.23±2.31]from the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province,Kunming,China,were studied.One-way and 2-way ANOVAs were conducted to determine the effects of BMI and sex on BCAAs/AAAs.RESULTS Fasting serum AAAs,BCAAs,glutamate,and alanine were greater and high-density lipoprotein(HDL)was lower(P<0.05,each)in OB-T2DM patients than in NW-T2DM patients,especially in male OB-T2DM patients.Arginine,histidine,leucine,methionine,and lysine were greater in male patients than in female patients.Moreover,histidine,alanine,glutamate,lysine,valine,methionine,leucine,isoleucine,tyrosine,phenylalanine,and tryptophan were significantly correlated with abdominal adiposity,body weight and BMI,whereas isoleucine,leucine and phenylalanine were negatively correlated with HDL.CONCLUSION Heterogeneously elevated amino acids,especially BCAAs/AAAs,across new-onset T2DM patients in differing BMI categories revealed a potentially skewed prediction of T2DM development.The higher BCAA/AAA levels in obese T2DM patients would support T2DM prediction in obese individuals,whereas the lower levels of BCAAs/AAAs in NW-T2DM individuals may underestimate T2DM risk in NW individuals.This potentially skewed T2DM prediction should be considered when BCAAs/AAAs are to be used as the T2DM predictor.
基金Ningbo Science and Technology Plan Project(Grant No.2023Z043)。
文摘This study investigates the breakdown voltage characteristics in sulfur hexafluoride(SF6)circuit breakers,employing a novel approach that integrates both experimental investigations and finite element simulations.Utilizing a sphere-sphere electrode configuration,we meticulously measured the relationship between breakdown voltage and electrode gap distances ranging from 1 cm to 4.5 cm.Subsequent simulations,conducted using COMSOL Multiphysics,mirrored the experimental setup to validate the model’s accuracy through a comparison of the breakdown voltage-electrode gap distance curves.The simulation results not only aligned closely with the experimental data but also allowed the extraction of detailed electric field strength,electric potential contours,and electric current flow curves at the breakdown voltage for gap distances extending from 1 to 4.5 cm.Extending the analysis,the study explored the electric field and potential distribution at a constant voltage of 72.5 kV for gap distances between 1 to 10 cm,identifying the maximum electric field strength.A comprehensive comparison of five different electrode configurations(sphere-sphere,sphere-rod,sphere-plane,rod-plane,rod-rod)at 72.5 kV and a gap distance of 1.84 cm underscored the significant influence of electrode geometry on the breakdown process.Moreover,the research contrasts the breakdown voltage in SF6 with that in air,emphasizing SF6’s superior insulating properties.This investigation not only elucidates the intricate dynamics of electrical breakdown in SF6 circuit breakers but also contributes valuable insights into the optimal electrode configurations and the potential for alternative insulating gases,steering future advancements in high-voltage circuit breaker technology.
文摘INTRODUCTION.It is said that necessity is the mother of invention.When this author was contacted about sharing an article that could help gemologists learn more about origin determination,it seemed like a perfect opportunity to provide information about our own laboratory’s invention,Hyperion.This is a tool we crafted to meet our own necessity,particularly as we faced the challenge of origin determination.
文摘BACKGROUND Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease(ASCVD)is the leading cause of mortality in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).Weight loss is a key factor for successful NAFLD and CVD therapy.Ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA),which is one of the first-line therapeutic agents for treatment of NAFLD,is reported to have a beneficial effect on dyslipidemia and ASCVD risk because of antioxidant properties.AIM To evaluate the effects of 6 mo of UDCA treatment on hepatic function tests,lipid profile,hepatic steatosis and fibrosis,atherogenesis,and ASCVD risk in men and women with NAFLD,as well as to assess the impact of>5%weight reduction on these parameters.METHODS An open-label,multicenter,international noncomparative trial was carried out at primary health care settings and included 174 patients with ultrasound-diagnosed NAFLD who received 15 mg/kg/d UDCA for 6 mo and were prescribed lifestyle modification with diet and exercise.The efficacy criteria were liver enzymes,lipid profile,fatty liver index(FLI),noninvasive liver fibrosis tests(nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score and liver fibrosis index),carotid intima-media thickness(CIMT),and ASCVD risk score.To test statistical hypotheses,the Wilcoxon test,paired t-test,Fisher’s exact test,and Pearson's chi-squared test were used.RESULTS The alanine aminotransferase(ALT)level changed by-14.1 U/L(-31.0;-5.3)from baseline to 3 mo and by-6.5 U/L(-14.0;0.1)from 3 to 6 mo.The magnitude of ALT,aspartate transaminase,and glutamyltransferase decrease was greater during the first 3 mo of treatment compared to the subsequent 3 mo(P<0.001,P<0.01,P<0.001,respectively).At 6 mo,in the total sample,we observed a statistically significant decrease in body weight and levels of FLI:84.9±10.4 vs 72.3±17.6,P<0.001,total cholesterol:6.03±1.36 vs 5.76±1.21,Р<0.001,lowdensity lipoprotein:3.86±1.01 vs 3.66±0.91,Р<0.001,and triglyceride:3.18(2.00;4.29)vs 2.04(1.40;3.16),Р<0.001.No effect on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease fibrosis score or liver fibrosis index was found.The CIMT decreased significantly in the total sample(0.985±0.243 vs 0.968±0.237,P=0.013),whereas the highdensity lipoprotein(Р=0.036)and 10-year ASCVD risk(Р=0.003)improved significantly only in women.Fifty-four patients(31%)achieved>5%weight loss.At the end of the study,the FLI decreased significantly in patients with(88.3±10.2 vs 71.4±19.6,P<0.001)and without>5%weight loss(83.5±10.3 vs 72.8±16.7,P<0.001).The changes in ALT,aspartate transaminase,glutamyltransferase,total cholesterol,and low-density lipoprotein levels were similar between the subgroups.CONCLUSION UDCA normalizes liver enzymes greatly within the first 3 mo of treatment,improves lipid profile and hepatic steatosis independent of weight loss,and has a positive effect on CIMT in the total sample and 10-year ASCVD risk in women after 6 mo of treatment.
文摘Telecommunications Regulatory Commission of Sri Lanka is the governing body which is responsible for the frequency allocation and monitoring the unauthorized Electromagnetic frequency(EMF)signal transmitting violations.However,in Sri Lanka,currently there is not any proper mechanism to monitor the radiation hazard level and its impact to the people living in the vicinity of mobile communication towers.There are approximately 7000 mobile transmitting towers in Sri Lanka to date and the used frequency range lies between 900 MHz to 3 GHz for mobile communication.Over the last few decades,many of the health hazard conditions were reported due to the radiation of those harmful EMFs.To cater this problem,a portable real time EMF signal strength measuring system with a radiation hazard level indicator was developed to monitor the EMF level and its impact.The proposed system operates with three intermediate frequency bands(i.e.900 MHz,1800 MHz and 2400 MHz)and it’s capable of measuring the power density and the radiation hazard level at that particular point which is being measured.Moreover,the corresponding radiation hazard level is indicated with reference to the standard power density levels published by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection(ICNIRP^(*)).The system works with the overall accuracy of 88%in terms of identifying the power densities and its corresponding radiation hazard levels.
基金supported by a grant from Xiamen Ocean Vocational College (KYG202108)a grant from the young and middle-aged teachers’education research project of Fujian Province (JAT210801,JAT210803)+3 种基金the National Natural Scientific Foundation of China (32072336,31871720,32001695,31901811)the science and technology program of Fujian Province (2021L3013)the science and technology program of Xiamen City (3502Z20203059)grants from the National Key R&D Program of China (2019YFD0901703).
文摘Cra a 4 is a heat stable allergen in oyster,the effect of Maillard reaction on the immunoreactivity and structure of Cra a 4 was investigated.Firstly,Cra a 4 was cloned,expressed and identified.The purified Cra a 4 was incubated with xylose at 100℃,pH 8.5 for 30 min or with glucose for 60 min.After Maillard reaction,the IgE-binding activity of Cra a 4 and in vitro digested samples was reduced by about 50%.The unfoldα-helix and higher surface hydrophobicity of glycated Cra a 4 were identified as the reason for hypo-immunoreactivity.The higher frequency of lysine(13%)in the primary structure and exposure on the surface of the spatial structure was attributed to the hypo-immunoreactivity of Cra a 4 after Maillard reaction.It comprehensively evaluated the effects of Maillard reaction on Cra a 4 and provids new methods for the industrial production of hypoallergenic oyster.The modified Cra a 4 by Maillard reaction could be a hypoallergenic therapeutic agent for allergy to oyster.
文摘In the published article,there was an error in the affiliation information about the first author Uttpal Anand[a].Instead of"Department of Life Sciences,Ben-Gurion University of the Negev,Beer-Sheva 84105,Israel",it should be"CytoGene Research&Development LLP,K-51,UPSIDA Industrial Area,Kursi Road(Lucknow),Dist.Barabanki,225001,Uttar Pradesh,India".The authors would like to apologize for any inconvenience caused and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of thearticle inanyway.
基金funded by"Agencia Canaria de Inves-tigación,Innovación y Sociedad de la Información(ACIISI)del Gobierno de Canarias"(No.ProID2020010134),óCaja Canarias(Project No.2019SP43).
文摘Cancer is an abnormal state of cells where they undergo uncontrolled proliferation and produce aggressive malignancies that causes millions of deaths every year.With the new understanding of the molecular mechanism(s)of disease progression,our knowledge about the disease is snowballing,leading to the evolution of many new therapeutic regimes and their successive trials.In the past few decades,various combinations of therapies have been pro-posed and are presently employed in the treatment of diverse cancers.Targeted drug therapy,immunotherapy,and personalized medicines are now largely being employed,which were not common a few years back.The field of cancer discoveries and therapeutics are evolving fast as cancer type-specific biomarkers are progressively being identified and several types of cancers are nowadays undergoing systematic therapies,extending patients’disease-free survival thereafter.Although growing evidence shows that a systematic and targeted approach could be the future of cancer medicine,chemotherapy remains a largely opted therapeutic option despite its known side effects on the patient’s physical and psychological health.Chemother-apeutic agents/pharmaceuticals served a great purpose over the past few decades and have remained the frontline choice for advanced-stage malignancies where surgery and/or radiation therapy cannot be prescribed due to specific reasons.The present report succinctly reviews the existing and contemporary advancements in chemotherapy and assesses the status of the enrolled drugs/pharmaceuticals;it also comprehensively discusses the emerging role of specific/targeted therapeutic strategies that are presently being employed to achieve better clinical success/survival rate in cancer patients.
基金Supported by National Technology Support Project(Nos.2011BAB01B01,2012BAH28B04)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40930532)the National High Technology Research&Development Programme of China(No.2011AA120404).
文摘An increasing number of low,medium,and high resolution SAR satellites creates a demand for a generalized sensor model to replace the rigorous sensor model(RSM).The rational polynomial coefficient(RPC)model is a generic sensor model which accurately fits the object-image geometry for various sensor systems with different coefficient values.It has been widely used as an alternative to RSM for photogrammetric processing of optical images,but its applications to SAR images are rarely discussed in publications.In this paper,the feasibility and practicability of the RPC model for SAR images are studied.The RPC model can not only be used to replace the RSM(range–Doppler model for SAR),but also applied to the processing chain for SAR data,thus facilitating the processing of SAR and InSAR data for end users.
