As the combination of surface plasmon polariton and femtosecond laser pulse,femtosecond surface plasmon polariton has both nanoscale spatial resolution and femtosecond temporal resolution,and thus provides promising m...As the combination of surface plasmon polariton and femtosecond laser pulse,femtosecond surface plasmon polariton has both nanoscale spatial resolution and femtosecond temporal resolution,and thus provides promising methods for light field manipulation and light-matter interaction in extreme small spatiotemporal scales.Nowadays,the research on femtosecond surface plasmon polariton is mainly concentrated on two aspects:one is investigation and characterization of excitation,propagation,and dispersion properties of femtosecond surface plasmon polariton in different structures or materials;the other one is developing new applications based on its unique properties in the fields of nonlinear enhancement,pulse shaping,spatiotemporal super-resolved imaging,and others.Here,we introduce the research progress of properties and applications of femtosecond surface plasmon polariton,and prospect its future research trends.With the further development of femtosecond surface plasmon polariton research,it will have a profound impact on nano-optoelectronics,molecular dynamics,biomedicine and other fields.展开更多
We demonstrate antimonene as a saturable absorber(SA) to generate an ultrafast mode-locked and Q-switched laser in the 2 μm wavelength region. The two antimonene-based SAs were prepared and inserted separately in a t...We demonstrate antimonene as a saturable absorber(SA) to generate an ultrafast mode-locked and Q-switched laser in the 2 μm wavelength region. The two antimonene-based SAs were prepared and inserted separately in a thulium–holmiumdoped fiber laser to produce the pulsed laser. Antimonene was coated onto a tapered fiber to generate soliton mode-locked pulses and used in thin-film form for the generation of Q-switched pulses. The mode-locking was stable within a pump power of 267 m W–511 m W, and the laser operated at a central wavelength of 1897.4 nm. The mode-locked laser had a pulse width of 1.3 ps and a repetition rate of 12.6 MHz, with a signal-to-noise ratio of 64 d B. Q-switched laser operation was stable at a wavelength of 1890.1 nm within a pump power of 312 m W–381 m W. With the increase in pump power from 312 m W to 381 m W, the repetition rate increased to a maximum of 56.63 k Hz and the pulse width decreased to a minimum value of 2.85 μs. Wide-range tunability of the Q-switched laser was also realized within the wavelength range of1882 nm–1936 nm.展开更多
Objective: To establish a DNA detection platform based on a tapered optical fiber to detect Leptospira DNA by targeting the leptospiral secY gene.Methods: The biosensor works on the principle of light propagating in t...Objective: To establish a DNA detection platform based on a tapered optical fiber to detect Leptospira DNA by targeting the leptospiral secY gene.Methods: The biosensor works on the principle of light propagating in the special geometry of the optical fiber tapered from a waist diameter of 125 to 12 μm. The fiber surface was functionalized through a cascade of chemical treatments and the immobilization of a DNA capture probe targeting the secY gene. The presence of the target DNA was determined from the wavelength shift in the optical transmission spectrum.Results: The biosensor demonstrated good sensitivity, detecting Leptospira DNA at 0.001 ng/μL, and was selective for Leptospira DNA without cross-reactivity with non-leptospiral microorganisms. The biosensor specifically detected DNA that was specifically amplified through the loop-mediated isothermal amplification approach.Conclusions: These findings warrant the potential of this platform to be developed as a novel alternative approach to diagnose leptospirosis.展开更多
We demonstrate a passively Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) using a copper nanoparticle (CuNP) thin film as the saturable absorber in a ring cavity. A stable Q-switched pulse operation is observed as the...We demonstrate a passively Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) using a copper nanoparticle (CuNP) thin film as the saturable absorber in a ring cavity. A stable Q-switched pulse operation is observed as the CuNP saturable absorber (SA) is introduced in the cavity. The pulse repetition rate of the EDFL is observed to be proportional to the pump power, and is limited to 101.2kHz by the maximum pump power of 113.7mW. On the other hand, the pulse width reduces from 10.19μs to 4.28μs as the pump power is varied from 26.1 mW to 113.7mW. The findings suggest that CuNP SA could be useful as a potential saturable absorber for the development of the robust, compact, efficient and low cost Q-switched fiber laser operating at 1.5-μm region.展开更多
This paper investigates the influences of a semiconductor laser with narrow linewidth on a fibre-optic distributed disturbance sensor based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer. It establishes an effective numerical model t...This paper investigates the influences of a semiconductor laser with narrow linewidth on a fibre-optic distributed disturbance sensor based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer. It establishes an effective numerical model to describe the noises and linewidth of a semiconductor laser, taking into account their correlations. Simulation shows that frequency noise has great influences on location errors and their relationship is numerically investigated. Accordingly, there is need to determine the linewidth of the laser less than a threshold and obtain the least location errors. Furthermore, experiments are performed by a sensor prototype using three semiconductor lasers with different linewidths, respectively, with polarization maintaining optical fibres and couplers to eliminate the polarization induced noises and fading. The agreement of simulation with experimental results means that the proposed numerical model can make a comprehensive description of the noise behaviour of a semiconductor laser. The conclusion is useful for choosing a laser source for fibre-optic distributed disturbance sensor to achieve optimized location accuracy. What is more, the proposed numerical model can be widely used for analysing influences of semiconductor lasers on other sensing, communication and optical signal processing systems.展开更多
With the development of wireless mobile communication technology,the demand for wireless communication rate and frequency increases year by year.Existing wireless mobile communication frequency tends to be saturated,w...With the development of wireless mobile communication technology,the demand for wireless communication rate and frequency increases year by year.Existing wireless mobile communication frequency tends to be saturated,which demands for new solutions.Terahertz(THz)communication has great potential for the future mobile communications(Beyond 5G),and is also an important technique for the high data rate transmission in spatial information network.THz communication has great application prospects in military-civilian integration and coordinated development.In China,important breakthroughs have been achieved for the key techniques of THz high data rate communications,which is practically keeping up with the most advanced technological level in the world.Therefore,further intensifying efforts on the development of THz communication have the strategic importance for China in leading the development of future wireless communication techniques and the standardization process of Beyond 5G.This paper analyzes the performance of the MIMO channel in the Terahertz(THz)band and a discrete mathematical method is used to propose a novel channel model.Then,a channel capacity model is proposed by the combination of path loss and molecular absorption in the THz band based on the CSI at the receiver.Simulation results show that the integration of MIMO in the THz band gives better data rate and channel capacity as compared with a single channel.展开更多
We propose and demonstrate a Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) using an erbium-doped zirconia-alumina silica glass-based fiber (Zr-EDF) as a saturable absorber. As a 16-cm-long Zr-EDF is incorporated into...We propose and demonstrate a Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) using an erbium-doped zirconia-alumina silica glass-based fiber (Zr-EDF) as a saturable absorber. As a 16-cm-long Zr-EDF is incorporated into a ring EDFL cavity, a stable Q-switching pulse train operating at 1565?nm wavelength is successfully obtained. The repetition rate is tunable from 33.97?kHz to 71.23?kHz by increasing the pump power from the threshold of 26?mW to the maximum of 74?mW. The highest pulse energy of 26.67?nJ is obtained at the maximum pump power.展开更多
We demonstrate a pulsed ring erbium-doped fiber laser based on graphene oxide(GO),employing a simplified Hummer's method to synthesize the GO via chemical oxidation of graphite flakes at room temperature.By dippin...We demonstrate a pulsed ring erbium-doped fiber laser based on graphene oxide(GO),employing a simplified Hummer's method to synthesize the GO via chemical oxidation of graphite flakes at room temperature.By dipping a fiber ferrule end face onto the GO suspension,GO is successfully coated onto the end face,making it a simple saturable absorption device.A stable Q-switched pulsed fiber laser is achieved with a low pump threshold of 9.5 mW at 980 nm.The pulse repetition rate ranges from 16.0 to 57.0 kHz.The pulse width and the pulse energy are studied and discussed.展开更多
Multicore fiber(MCF)which contains more than one core in a single fiber cladding has attracted ever increasing attention for application in optical sensing systems owing to its unique capability of independent light t...Multicore fiber(MCF)which contains more than one core in a single fiber cladding has attracted ever increasing attention for application in optical sensing systems owing to its unique capability of independent light transmission in multiple spatial channels.Different from the situation in standard single mode fiber(SMF),the fiber bending gives rise to tangential strain in off-center cores,and this unique feature has been employed for directional bending and shape sensing,where strain measurement is achieved by using either fiber Bragg gratings(FBGs),optical frequency-domain reflectometry(OFDR)or Brillouin distributed sensing technique.On the other hand,the parallel spatial cores enable space-division multiplexed(SDM)system configuration that allows for the multiplexing of multiple distributed sensing techniques.As a result,multi-parameter sensing or performance enhanced sensing can be achieved by using MCF.In this paper,we review the research progress in MCF based distributed fiber sensors.Brief introductions of MCF and the multiplexing/de-multiplexing methods are presented.The bending sensitivity of off-center cores is analyzed.Curvature and shape sensing,as well as various SDM distributed sensing using MCF are summarized,and the working principles of diverse MCF sensors are discussed.Finally,we present the challenges and prospects of MCF for distributed sensing applications.展开更多
We optimize the room-temperature etching of InP using Cl2/CH4/H2 and Cl2/N2 inductively coupled plasma reactive ions. A design of experiment is used in the optimization. The results, in terms of etch rate, surface rou...We optimize the room-temperature etching of InP using Cl2/CH4/H2 and Cl2/N2 inductively coupled plasma reactive ions. A design of experiment is used in the optimization. The results, in terms of etch rate, surface roughness and etched profile, are presented. These Cl2-based recipes do not require substrate heating and thus can be more cost effectively and widely applied. The Cl2/CH4/H2 process is able to give a higher etch rate (about 850 nm/min) and cleaner surface with less polymer formation compared to the conventional CH4/H2 process. The Cl2/N2 process produces even higher etch rate (as high as 2μm/rain), but rougher surface with slight sidewall undercut. The Cl2/N2 process also has no polymer formation due to the absence of methane gas. Both the processes give very good selectivity to the silicon dioxide (SiO2) etch mask. The selectivity of InP to the oxide mask (up to 55:1) for the Cl2/N2 process is one of the highest reported so far. The etched structures possess reasonably good sidewall verticality and surface quality comparable to that obtained under elevated temperature condition (〉 200℃).展开更多
A new model is proposed to explain the physical mechanism of the extraordinary transmission enhancement in subwavelength metallic grating.The extraordinary transmission enhancement is described by the co-operation of ...A new model is proposed to explain the physical mechanism of the extraordinary transmission enhancement in subwavelength metallic grating.The extraordinary transmission enhancement is described by the co-operation of Fabry-Perot-like(FPL) resonance and the surface plasmon polariton(SPP) resonance.The rigorous coupled-wave analysis(RCWA) and the finite difference time domain(FDTD) method are employed to illustrate the model by calculating the transmission and the field distributions in the subwavelength metallic grating,respectively.And the numerical calculations show that transmission enhancement is achieved when the coupling resonance of the incident light,the surface plasmon polariton mode and the Fabry-Perot-Like mode is happened,which are in good agreement with the proposed model.展开更多
A Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser(EDFL)incorporating zinc-oxide(ZnO)nanoparticles-based saturable absorber(SA)is proposed and demonstrated.To form the SA,the ZnO nanoparticles,which are originally in the powder fo...A Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser(EDFL)incorporating zinc-oxide(ZnO)nanoparticles-based saturable absorber(SA)is proposed and demonstrated.To form the SA,the ZnO nanoparticles,which are originally in the powder form,are first dissolved in ethanol and subsequently deposited onto the surface of fiber ferrule by using the adhesion effect with the evaporation technique.By integrating the ZnO nanoparticle-based SA into a laser cavity of an EDFL,a self-started and stable Q-switching is achieved at a low threshold power of 20.24 mW.As the pump power is increased,the pulse repetition rate is tunable from 10.34 kHz to 25.59 kHz while pulse duration decreases from 21.39μs to 3.65μs.Additionally,this Q-switched laser has a maximum energy per pulse of 19.34 nJ and an average output power of 0.46 mW.These results indicate the feasibility and functionality of the ZnO nanoparticles-based SA for Q-switched generation,which offers the flexibility and easy integration of the SA into a ring laser cavity.展开更多
A single-wavelength Brillouin laser is demonstrated by using a 3-m-long erbium doped fiber (EDF) in a ring cavity. The EDF is used to provide both nonlinear and linear gains to generate a stimulated Brillouin scatte...A single-wavelength Brillouin laser is demonstrated by using a 3-m-long erbium doped fiber (EDF) in a ring cavity. The EDF is used to provide both nonlinear and linear gains to generate a stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) and to amplify the generated SBS, respectively. The Brillouin erbium fiber laser (BEFL) operates at 1561.5 nm, where the operating wavelength is up-shifted by 0.08nm from the Brillouin pump. The operation wavelength is also tunable within 1560.6-1562.6nm. The BEFL Mso shows a self-pulsing characteristic with repetition of 66. 7kHz when the BP is set around the threshold pump power of 13roW. Compared to the conventional Brillouin fiber laser with a long cavity length, the proposed BEFL exhibits a significantly lower amplitude of pulse. This laser has many potential applications, such as in optical communication and sensors.展开更多
We demonstrate a Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) using a newly developed zinc oxide- (ZnO) based saturable absorber (SA). The SA is fabricated by embedding a prepared ZnO powder into a poly(vinyl alc...We demonstrate a Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) using a newly developed zinc oxide- (ZnO) based saturable absorber (SA). The SA is fabricated by embedding a prepared ZnO powder into a poly(vinyl alcohol) film. A small piece of the film is then sandwiched between two fiber ferrules and is incorporated in an EDFL cavity for generating a stable Q-switching pulse train. The EDFL operates at 1560.4nm with a pump power threshold of 11.8mW, a pulse repetition rate tunable from 22.79 to 61.43kHz, and the smallest pulse width of 7.00 μs. The Q-switching pulse shows no spectral modulation with a peak-to-pedestal ratio of 62 dB indicating the high stability of the laser. These results show that the ZnO powder has a great potential to be used for pulsed laser applications.展开更多
This work reports on the use of the holmium oxide (Ho2O3) polymer film as a saturable absorber (SA) for generating stable Q-switching pulses operating in a 2μm region in a thulium-doped fiber laser cavity. The SA...This work reports on the use of the holmium oxide (Ho2O3) polymer film as a saturable absorber (SA) for generating stable Q-switching pulses operating in a 2μm region in a thulium-doped fiber laser cavity. The SA is prepared by diluting a commercial Ho3O2 powder and then mixing it with polyvinyI alcohol (PVA) solution to form a Ho2O3-PVA film. A tiny part of the film about 1mm×1 mm in size is sandwiched between two fiber ferrules with the help of index matching gel. When incorporated in a laser cavity driven by a 1552-nm pump, stable Q-switching pulses are observed at 1955nm within the pump power range of 363 491 roW. As the pmnp power increases within this range, the repetition rate rises from 26 kHz to 39 kHz, as the pulse width drops from 4.22μs to 2.57μs. The laser operates with a signal-to-noise ratio of 47dB, and the maximum output power and the pulse energy obtained are 2.67mW and 69ng, respectively. Our results successfully demonstrate that the Ho2O3 film can be used as a passive SA to generate a 2μm pulse laser.展开更多
We demonstrate an efficient fiber laser operating at 1901.6 nm using a newly developed thulium bismuth co-doped fiber(TBF)with dual pumping at 792 nm and 1552 nm.The fiber was fabricated using modified chemical vapor ...We demonstrate an efficient fiber laser operating at 1901.6 nm using a newly developed thulium bismuth co-doped fiber(TBF)with dual pumping at 792 nm and 1552 nm.The fiber was fabricated using modified chemical vapor deposition and solution doping processes.The dopant concentrations(wt%)and compositions inside the core are 0.15 Bi_(2)O_(3),0.3 Tm_(2)O_(3),1.0 Al_(2)O_(3) and 12.0 GeO_(2).The TBF laser operates at 1901.6 nm with a lasing efficiency of 33.2%and pump power threshold of 85 mW using a 2-m-long TBF in a linear cavity with two fiber Bragg gratings(FBGs).The high efficiency is attributed to the use of additional 1552 nm pump to complement 792 nm pumping.The maximum output power of 225 mW is achieved at the pump power of 820 mW with the optimum length of 2 m.展开更多
A nanosecond pulsed laser is demonstrated using the stimulated Brillouin scattering(SBS)effect in a nonlinear photonic crystal fiber(PCF).The Brillouin fiber laser(BFL)uses a 50-m-long PCF in a simple ring cavity to g...A nanosecond pulsed laser is demonstrated using the stimulated Brillouin scattering(SBS)effect in a nonlinear photonic crystal fiber(PCF).The Brillouin fiber laser(BFL)uses a 50-m-long PCF in a simple ring cavity to generate a self-starting pulse as the Brillouin power reaches 16.5 dBm based on the relaxation oscillation technique.The BFL generates a pulse train with repetition rates of 2.7 MHz and 5.4 MHz depending on the BP power.The pulse width of the laser is obtained to be 190 ns at the BP power of 16.5 dBm and is maintained at around 72 ns as the pump power is set within 17.7 dBm and 18.5 dBm.The maximum pulse energy of 20 nJ is obtained at BP power of 17.4 dBm.This SBS based pulse laser is fairly stable at room temperature.展开更多
We report a ring cavity passively harmonic mode-locked thulium-doped fiber laser(TDFL)using a newly devel-oped single-wall carbon nanotube-based saturable absorber.The TDFL generates the 25 th harmonic mode-locked str...We report a ring cavity passively harmonic mode-locked thulium-doped fiber laser(TDFL)using a newly devel-oped single-wall carbon nanotube-based saturable absorber.The TDFL generates the 25 th harmonic mode-locked stretched pulse train with a high repetition rate of 213MHz and a pulse duration of 710fs.The laser operates at 1901.6nm with an average power of 1.89mW,which corresponds to the pulse energy of 0.008nJ,at 1552nm pump power of 719mW.The peak-to-background ratio is measured to be 60dB,which indicates the stability of the laser.展开更多
A modified multiwavelength actively mode-locked fiber ring laser is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. In this kind of laser, stable multiwavelengths lasing is achieved by integrating cascaded sampled fiber Bra...A modified multiwavelength actively mode-locked fiber ring laser is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. In this kind of laser, stable multiwavelengths lasing is achieved by integrating cascaded sampled fiber Bragg gratings(SFBGs) into the laser cavity. To implement actively mode-locking technique, a double-ring cavity configuration is used to assure that the cavity lengths for all wavelengths lasing are identical. Thus, simultaneous mode locking of all wavelengths has been successfully achieved by using the same mode-locking signal.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.91750205,61427819,U1701661,11674178,and 61975128)the Leading Talents of Guangdong Province Program,China(Grant No.00201505)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China(Grant Nos.2016A030312010 and 2017A030313351)the Science and Technology Innovation Commission of Shenzhen City(Grant Nos.JCYJ20180507182035270,KQTD2017033011044403,KQJSCX20170727100838364,ZDSYS201703031605029,and JCYJ2017818144338999)the K.C.Wong Education Foundation(Grant No.GJTD-2018-08)。
文摘As the combination of surface plasmon polariton and femtosecond laser pulse,femtosecond surface plasmon polariton has both nanoscale spatial resolution and femtosecond temporal resolution,and thus provides promising methods for light field manipulation and light-matter interaction in extreme small spatiotemporal scales.Nowadays,the research on femtosecond surface plasmon polariton is mainly concentrated on two aspects:one is investigation and characterization of excitation,propagation,and dispersion properties of femtosecond surface plasmon polariton in different structures or materials;the other one is developing new applications based on its unique properties in the fields of nonlinear enhancement,pulse shaping,spatiotemporal super-resolved imaging,and others.Here,we introduce the research progress of properties and applications of femtosecond surface plasmon polariton,and prospect its future research trends.With the further development of femtosecond surface plasmon polariton research,it will have a profound impact on nano-optoelectronics,molecular dynamics,biomedicine and other fields.
基金support for this work through Grant, HiCoE (PRC-2022)the Universiti Malaya for the funding of this work through Grant Nos. RU005-2021 and MGO23-2022。
文摘We demonstrate antimonene as a saturable absorber(SA) to generate an ultrafast mode-locked and Q-switched laser in the 2 μm wavelength region. The two antimonene-based SAs were prepared and inserted separately in a thulium–holmiumdoped fiber laser to produce the pulsed laser. Antimonene was coated onto a tapered fiber to generate soliton mode-locked pulses and used in thin-film form for the generation of Q-switched pulses. The mode-locking was stable within a pump power of 267 m W–511 m W, and the laser operated at a central wavelength of 1897.4 nm. The mode-locked laser had a pulse width of 1.3 ps and a repetition rate of 12.6 MHz, with a signal-to-noise ratio of 64 d B. Q-switched laser operation was stable at a wavelength of 1890.1 nm within a pump power of 312 m W–381 m W. With the increase in pump power from 312 m W to 381 m W, the repetition rate increased to a maximum of 56.63 k Hz and the pulse width decreased to a minimum value of 2.85 μs. Wide-range tunability of the Q-switched laser was also realized within the wavelength range of1882 nm–1936 nm.
基金funded by Universiti Putra Malaysia through the Geran Inisiatif Putra Siswazah (GP-IPS/2019/9678200)。
文摘Objective: To establish a DNA detection platform based on a tapered optical fiber to detect Leptospira DNA by targeting the leptospiral secY gene.Methods: The biosensor works on the principle of light propagating in the special geometry of the optical fiber tapered from a waist diameter of 125 to 12 μm. The fiber surface was functionalized through a cascade of chemical treatments and the immobilization of a DNA capture probe targeting the secY gene. The presence of the target DNA was determined from the wavelength shift in the optical transmission spectrum.Results: The biosensor demonstrated good sensitivity, detecting Leptospira DNA at 0.001 ng/μL, and was selective for Leptospira DNA without cross-reactivity with non-leptospiral microorganisms. The biosensor specifically detected DNA that was specifically amplified through the loop-mediated isothermal amplification approach.Conclusions: These findings warrant the potential of this platform to be developed as a novel alternative approach to diagnose leptospirosis.
基金Supported by the University of Malaya under Grant Nos PG173-2015B and PG004-2016A
文摘We demonstrate a passively Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) using a copper nanoparticle (CuNP) thin film as the saturable absorber in a ring cavity. A stable Q-switched pulse operation is observed as the CuNP saturable absorber (SA) is introduced in the cavity. The pulse repetition rate of the EDFL is observed to be proportional to the pump power, and is limited to 101.2kHz by the maximum pump power of 113.7mW. On the other hand, the pulse width reduces from 10.19μs to 4.28μs as the pump power is varied from 26.1 mW to 113.7mW. The findings suggest that CuNP SA could be useful as a potential saturable absorber for the development of the robust, compact, efficient and low cost Q-switched fiber laser operating at 1.5-μm region.
文摘This paper investigates the influences of a semiconductor laser with narrow linewidth on a fibre-optic distributed disturbance sensor based on Mach-Zehnder interferometer. It establishes an effective numerical model to describe the noises and linewidth of a semiconductor laser, taking into account their correlations. Simulation shows that frequency noise has great influences on location errors and their relationship is numerically investigated. Accordingly, there is need to determine the linewidth of the laser less than a threshold and obtain the least location errors. Furthermore, experiments are performed by a sensor prototype using three semiconductor lasers with different linewidths, respectively, with polarization maintaining optical fibres and couplers to eliminate the polarization induced noises and fading. The agreement of simulation with experimental results means that the proposed numerical model can make a comprehensive description of the noise behaviour of a semiconductor laser. The conclusion is useful for choosing a laser source for fibre-optic distributed disturbance sensor to achieve optimized location accuracy. What is more, the proposed numerical model can be widely used for analysing influences of semiconductor lasers on other sensing, communication and optical signal processing systems.
基金Hallym University Research Fund,2019(HRF-201905-013).
文摘With the development of wireless mobile communication technology,the demand for wireless communication rate and frequency increases year by year.Existing wireless mobile communication frequency tends to be saturated,which demands for new solutions.Terahertz(THz)communication has great potential for the future mobile communications(Beyond 5G),and is also an important technique for the high data rate transmission in spatial information network.THz communication has great application prospects in military-civilian integration and coordinated development.In China,important breakthroughs have been achieved for the key techniques of THz high data rate communications,which is practically keeping up with the most advanced technological level in the world.Therefore,further intensifying efforts on the development of THz communication have the strategic importance for China in leading the development of future wireless communication techniques and the standardization process of Beyond 5G.This paper analyzes the performance of the MIMO channel in the Terahertz(THz)band and a discrete mathematical method is used to propose a novel channel model.Then,a channel capacity model is proposed by the combination of path loss and molecular absorption in the THz band based on the CSI at the receiver.Simulation results show that the integration of MIMO in the THz band gives better data rate and channel capacity as compared with a single channel.
基金Supported by the Postgraduate Research of Malaysia under Grant No PG098-2014Bthe CSIR of Government of India
文摘We propose and demonstrate a Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) using an erbium-doped zirconia-alumina silica glass-based fiber (Zr-EDF) as a saturable absorber. As a 16-cm-long Zr-EDF is incorporated into a ring EDFL cavity, a stable Q-switching pulse train operating at 1565?nm wavelength is successfully obtained. The repetition rate is tunable from 33.97?kHz to 71.23?kHz by increasing the pump power from the threshold of 26?mW to the maximum of 74?mW. The highest pulse energy of 26.67?nJ is obtained at the maximum pump power.
基金Supported by the University of Malaya for Providing the High Impact Research under Grant No UM.C/HIR/MOHE/SC/01,and UPGP under Grant Nos PV031/2012 A and PV087/2011B.
文摘We demonstrate a pulsed ring erbium-doped fiber laser based on graphene oxide(GO),employing a simplified Hummer's method to synthesize the GO via chemical oxidation of graphite flakes at room temperature.By dipping a fiber ferrule end face onto the GO suspension,GO is successfully coated onto the end face,making it a simple saturable absorption device.A stable Q-switched pulsed fiber laser is achieved with a low pump threshold of 9.5 mW at 980 nm.The pulse repetition rate ranges from 16.0 to 57.0 kHz.The pulse width and the pulse energy are studied and discussed.
文摘Multicore fiber(MCF)which contains more than one core in a single fiber cladding has attracted ever increasing attention for application in optical sensing systems owing to its unique capability of independent light transmission in multiple spatial channels.Different from the situation in standard single mode fiber(SMF),the fiber bending gives rise to tangential strain in off-center cores,and this unique feature has been employed for directional bending and shape sensing,where strain measurement is achieved by using either fiber Bragg gratings(FBGs),optical frequency-domain reflectometry(OFDR)or Brillouin distributed sensing technique.On the other hand,the parallel spatial cores enable space-division multiplexed(SDM)system configuration that allows for the multiplexing of multiple distributed sensing techniques.As a result,multi-parameter sensing or performance enhanced sensing can be achieved by using MCF.In this paper,we review the research progress in MCF based distributed fiber sensors.Brief introductions of MCF and the multiplexing/de-multiplexing methods are presented.The bending sensitivity of off-center cores is analyzed.Curvature and shape sensing,as well as various SDM distributed sensing using MCF are summarized,and the working principles of diverse MCF sensors are discussed.Finally,we present the challenges and prospects of MCF for distributed sensing applications.
文摘We optimize the room-temperature etching of InP using Cl2/CH4/H2 and Cl2/N2 inductively coupled plasma reactive ions. A design of experiment is used in the optimization. The results, in terms of etch rate, surface roughness and etched profile, are presented. These Cl2-based recipes do not require substrate heating and thus can be more cost effectively and widely applied. The Cl2/CH4/H2 process is able to give a higher etch rate (about 850 nm/min) and cleaner surface with less polymer formation compared to the conventional CH4/H2 process. The Cl2/N2 process produces even higher etch rate (as high as 2μm/rain), but rougher surface with slight sidewall undercut. The Cl2/N2 process also has no polymer formation due to the absence of methane gas. Both the processes give very good selectivity to the silicon dioxide (SiO2) etch mask. The selectivity of InP to the oxide mask (up to 55:1) for the Cl2/N2 process is one of the highest reported so far. The etched structures possess reasonably good sidewall verticality and surface quality comparable to that obtained under elevated temperature condition (〉 200℃).
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.60977048 and 61078046the International Collaboration Program of Ningbo under Grant No.2010D10018the International Joint Projects CNR/CAS Agreement and the K.C.Wong Magna Fund in Ningbo University,China
文摘A new model is proposed to explain the physical mechanism of the extraordinary transmission enhancement in subwavelength metallic grating.The extraordinary transmission enhancement is described by the co-operation of Fabry-Perot-like(FPL) resonance and the surface plasmon polariton(SPP) resonance.The rigorous coupled-wave analysis(RCWA) and the finite difference time domain(FDTD) method are employed to illustrate the model by calculating the transmission and the field distributions in the subwavelength metallic grating,respectively.And the numerical calculations show that transmission enhancement is achieved when the coupling resonance of the incident light,the surface plasmon polariton mode and the Fabry-Perot-Like mode is happened,which are in good agreement with the proposed model.
基金Project supported by the Science Fund from the Ministry of Higher Education of Malaysia(MOHE)(Grant No.FRGS/1/2016/STG02/UPM/02/5)
文摘A Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser(EDFL)incorporating zinc-oxide(ZnO)nanoparticles-based saturable absorber(SA)is proposed and demonstrated.To form the SA,the ZnO nanoparticles,which are originally in the powder form,are first dissolved in ethanol and subsequently deposited onto the surface of fiber ferrule by using the adhesion effect with the evaporation technique.By integrating the ZnO nanoparticle-based SA into a laser cavity of an EDFL,a self-started and stable Q-switching is achieved at a low threshold power of 20.24 mW.As the pump power is increased,the pulse repetition rate is tunable from 10.34 kHz to 25.59 kHz while pulse duration decreases from 21.39μs to 3.65μs.Additionally,this Q-switched laser has a maximum energy per pulse of 19.34 nJ and an average output power of 0.46 mW.These results indicate the feasibility and functionality of the ZnO nanoparticles-based SA for Q-switched generation,which offers the flexibility and easy integration of the SA into a ring laser cavity.
文摘A single-wavelength Brillouin laser is demonstrated by using a 3-m-long erbium doped fiber (EDF) in a ring cavity. The EDF is used to provide both nonlinear and linear gains to generate a stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) and to amplify the generated SBS, respectively. The Brillouin erbium fiber laser (BEFL) operates at 1561.5 nm, where the operating wavelength is up-shifted by 0.08nm from the Brillouin pump. The operation wavelength is also tunable within 1560.6-1562.6nm. The BEFL Mso shows a self-pulsing characteristic with repetition of 66. 7kHz when the BP is set around the threshold pump power of 13roW. Compared to the conventional Brillouin fiber laser with a long cavity length, the proposed BEFL exhibits a significantly lower amplitude of pulse. This laser has many potential applications, such as in optical communication and sensors.
基金Supported by the University of Malaya under Grant No PG173-2015B
文摘We demonstrate a Q-switched erbium-doped fiber laser (EDFL) using a newly developed zinc oxide- (ZnO) based saturable absorber (SA). The SA is fabricated by embedding a prepared ZnO powder into a poly(vinyl alcohol) film. A small piece of the film is then sandwiched between two fiber ferrules and is incorporated in an EDFL cavity for generating a stable Q-switching pulse train. The EDFL operates at 1560.4nm with a pump power threshold of 11.8mW, a pulse repetition rate tunable from 22.79 to 61.43kHz, and the smallest pulse width of 7.00 μs. The Q-switching pulse shows no spectral modulation with a peak-to-pedestal ratio of 62 dB indicating the high stability of the laser. These results show that the ZnO powder has a great potential to be used for pulsed laser applications.
文摘This work reports on the use of the holmium oxide (Ho2O3) polymer film as a saturable absorber (SA) for generating stable Q-switching pulses operating in a 2μm region in a thulium-doped fiber laser cavity. The SA is prepared by diluting a commercial Ho3O2 powder and then mixing it with polyvinyI alcohol (PVA) solution to form a Ho2O3-PVA film. A tiny part of the film about 1mm×1 mm in size is sandwiched between two fiber ferrules with the help of index matching gel. When incorporated in a laser cavity driven by a 1552-nm pump, stable Q-switching pulses are observed at 1955nm within the pump power range of 363 491 roW. As the pmnp power increases within this range, the repetition rate rises from 26 kHz to 39 kHz, as the pulse width drops from 4.22μs to 2.57μs. The laser operates with a signal-to-noise ratio of 47dB, and the maximum output power and the pulse energy obtained are 2.67mW and 69ng, respectively. Our results successfully demonstrate that the Ho2O3 film can be used as a passive SA to generate a 2μm pulse laser.
基金Supported by the University of Malaya PPP under Grant No PV033/2011B,the Department of Science and Technology of the Government of India,the Director and the Staff Members of the Central Glass and Ceramic Research Institute(CGCRI),the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research,India,for awarding a CSIR-research fellowship,and the University of Malaya under the HIR Grant No D000009-16001.
文摘We demonstrate an efficient fiber laser operating at 1901.6 nm using a newly developed thulium bismuth co-doped fiber(TBF)with dual pumping at 792 nm and 1552 nm.The fiber was fabricated using modified chemical vapor deposition and solution doping processes.The dopant concentrations(wt%)and compositions inside the core are 0.15 Bi_(2)O_(3),0.3 Tm_(2)O_(3),1.0 Al_(2)O_(3) and 12.0 GeO_(2).The TBF laser operates at 1901.6 nm with a lasing efficiency of 33.2%and pump power threshold of 85 mW using a 2-m-long TBF in a linear cavity with two fiber Bragg gratings(FBGs).The high efficiency is attributed to the use of additional 1552 nm pump to complement 792 nm pumping.The maximum output power of 225 mW is achieved at the pump power of 820 mW with the optimum length of 2 m.
基金Supported by the Research Scheme of University of Malaya under Grant No PG139-2012B.
文摘A nanosecond pulsed laser is demonstrated using the stimulated Brillouin scattering(SBS)effect in a nonlinear photonic crystal fiber(PCF).The Brillouin fiber laser(BFL)uses a 50-m-long PCF in a simple ring cavity to generate a self-starting pulse as the Brillouin power reaches 16.5 dBm based on the relaxation oscillation technique.The BFL generates a pulse train with repetition rates of 2.7 MHz and 5.4 MHz depending on the BP power.The pulse width of the laser is obtained to be 190 ns at the BP power of 16.5 dBm and is maintained at around 72 ns as the pump power is set within 17.7 dBm and 18.5 dBm.The maximum pulse energy of 20 nJ is obtained at BP power of 17.4 dBm.This SBS based pulse laser is fairly stable at room temperature.
基金Supported by University of Malaya under Grant No RG159/12AET.
文摘We report a ring cavity passively harmonic mode-locked thulium-doped fiber laser(TDFL)using a newly devel-oped single-wall carbon nanotube-based saturable absorber.The TDFL generates the 25 th harmonic mode-locked stretched pulse train with a high repetition rate of 213MHz and a pulse duration of 710fs.The laser operates at 1901.6nm with an average power of 1.89mW,which corresponds to the pulse energy of 0.008nJ,at 1552nm pump power of 719mW.The peak-to-background ratio is measured to be 60dB,which indicates the stability of the laser.
文摘A modified multiwavelength actively mode-locked fiber ring laser is proposed and experimentally demonstrated. In this kind of laser, stable multiwavelengths lasing is achieved by integrating cascaded sampled fiber Bragg gratings(SFBGs) into the laser cavity. To implement actively mode-locking technique, a double-ring cavity configuration is used to assure that the cavity lengths for all wavelengths lasing are identical. Thus, simultaneous mode locking of all wavelengths has been successfully achieved by using the same mode-locking signal.