The Formation Mechanism of the Outlook on Human Rights Development in Contemporary China

The Western fundamentalist view of human rights,in contrast to Chinese society and culture,is external,and thus provides"conceptual form," "thinking method" and "theoretical technique"but not concrete content.In the traditional Chinese ideology,the time-honored group standard cannot be replaced by the individual standard.In New China,priority is given to the freedom and independence of "everyone" and the realization of rights and interests for"all".Contemporary China combines the human rights conception in Marxism with China’s concrete reality.Meanwhile,it integrates the socialist idea of equality with the traditional culture of the Chinese nation,creating a dual-guarantee system for universal values and individual rights.It gives a clear-cut expression to contemporary China’s rich traits of the cultural tradition of emphasizing progress for all and the equality for all,the priority of realizing the survival and development of the people,and the reference to the achievements of human rights civilizations of other countries.Human rights development in contemporary China must further consolidate the political conditions and institutional base for realizing the "public " goal of human rights and build a solid institutional guarantee for the "private" value orientation of human rights,by means of the construction of the whole-process people’s democracy.

Efficient stabilizing agent-free synthesis of gold nanoparticles via square-wave pulse deposition for enhanced catalytic performance in ethanol electrooxidation

The pressing environmental concerns and the depletion of fossil fuel reserves necessitate a transition toward sustainable energy sources.Ethanol,a renewable biomass-derived fuel,is a promising alternative due to its availability and high energy density.This study investigates the synthesis of gold nanoparticles(Au NPs)via a square-wave pulse deposition technique,aiming to enhance catalytic activity for ethanol electrooxidation.By varying pulse durations,we were able to exert precise control over Au NP size and distribution without stabilizing agents.Characterization using field emission scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques confirmed the formation of clustered nanoparticles of metallic gold phase.Electrochemical characteristics analyses revealed that Au NPs synthesized with a 900 ms pulse duration exhibited the lowest charge transfer resistance and the highest electrochemically active surface area.The electrocatalytic performance test of these Au NPs demonstrated an anodic current density of 2.5 mA cm^-(2)and a Tafel slope of 78 mV dec^(-1),indicating superior catalytic performance and reaction kinetics.Additionally,the Au NPs showed high resistance to poisoning,as evidenced by a low j_(b)/j_(f)ratio of 0.28 and stable chronoamperometric response.These findings underscore the potential of this synthesis method for producing high-performance electrocatalysts utilized in exploiting ethanol's potential as an environmentally friendly energy carrier.

The Road to Development

In September and October 2013,Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 2lst-Century Maritime Silk Road.Together,they make up the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI),which aims to boost connectivity along and beyond the ancient Silk Road routes.

Sustaining the Nation

The Chinese ethos has long held that"food is of primary importance to the people,"reflecting the nation's enduring focus on food security as a central strategic element.China's first food security law,which came into force on June 1,modernizes this principle.

Innovation in Orbit

By sending seeds on short trips into space,China is developing new crop varieties,contributing to the advancement of agricultural science and bolstering food security.This process,known as space breeding,exposes seeds to cosmic radiation,which mutates their genes and leads to the creation of new varieties with greater diversity.

EMPOWERMENT IN ACTION

XinjiangUygurAutonomous Region is a vital gatewaytofurther connect China with the West.In recent years,the region has embraced a new phase of development,aligning with the country's broader development strategy.Xinjiang's focus has been on harmonizing economic growth with social stability and enhancing the quality of life for its residents.This approach prioritizes high-quality development,which highlights innovation,efficiency and sustainability,and underscores the importance of long-term initiatives aimed at ensuring lasting peace and security.