Social Enterprises’Institutional Rationale and Its Inspirations for the Modern Market Economy

This study analyzes the ways in which social enterprises contribute to society’s goals.In the new era of human development,many social problems cannot be resolved without the participation of social enterprises(SEs).The study on these enterprises is of great significance for theoretical research and practical observation.In a modern market economy,SEs have pro-social market vitality and compatibility with the market economy;their action gives a glimpse into the truth of human development.As can be seen from the socio-economic reality,numerous entrepreneurs nurture a desire to run SEs at a certain stage of their career development.The tendency of some entrepreneurs to run SEs is of great significance for this study.Social enterprises are hybrid enterprises as opposed to for-profit enterprises and SEs must address complex problems through organizational and institutional innovations.State owned enterprises(SOEs)and SEs share many topics of research and have much to learn from each other,and a key question for SOE reform is what makes SOEs efficient quasi-social enterprises.Both SOEs and SEs assume a social mandate,and their fulfillment of social responsibilities is underpinned by their economic efficiency(market competitiveness).The theoretical rationale and institutional mechanism of SEs-not least their innovation practice and formation of rules-stem from the relationship and coordination between economic and social exchanges under market-based conditions.Social enterprises focus on altruistic social exchange but need to be supported by a certain economic exchange to finance their operations.The biggest social problem for China is its failure to balance economic and social exchanges,as well as the method of reward.Research on SEs should promote the understanding of these questions and the quest for their solutions.Social enterprises may inspire more enterprises to pursue pro-social innovation and development.

Attaching Great Importance to New Adjustments of Globalization and Their Impacts

COVID-19 is raging globally,with new cases in more than 200 countries and regions,and more than three billion people under quarantine of different forms.Although the number of cases and the general death rate of the current pandemic are lower than those of several major plagues in history,its scope and comprehensive impact are unprecedented.Globalization1 is one major reason for the rapid spread of the virus around the world.It has brought countries all over the world together,through convenient land,sea,and air transportation,coupled with increasingly frequent economic,technological,and cultural exchanges,which is now truly reflected in the phrase as“warm and cold we share together.”

An Assessment of China's New Round of Reform of the Fiscal and Taxation Systems

Based on the Decisions of the CPC Central Committee on Some Major Issues Concerning Comprehensively Deepening Reforms and the Overall Plan on Deepening Fiscal and Tax Reforms, this paper presents a systematic assessment of the progress of China's new round of fiscal and tax reforms from November 2013 to October 2016 with the following findings. Reform of the budgetary management system has yielded initial results yet remains in the preliminary stage. While progress has been made in reforming indirect taxes, the reform of direct taxes is slow and presents a major obstacle. Despite breakthroughs, the progress of public finance reforms remains slow and impedes reforms on other fronts. Fiscal and tax reforms are uneven and should be implemented in coordination. Fiscal and tax reforms should more vigorously support overall reforms.

Sharing the Digital Rewards The digital economy has already become an important driver of China-ASEAN cooperation

This year was deemed the China-ASEAN Year of Digital Economy Cooperation.Since the outbreak of COVID-19,the digital economy has become an even more important tool to restore economic and social development,create employment opportunities,and improve living standards.

On the View on Human Rights with Chinese Characteristics

Studying and practicing the view on human rights with Chinese characteristics is important for raising the awareness and improving the protection system for human rights in China. It is important for China to improve human rights on its own path and to promote the safeguard of human rights in the world. The paper offers an overview of the concepts, contents and features of China’s view on human rights.

Internet Thinking and the Transformation of Traditional Firms

The Internet and mobile internet have made the transaction of a huge number of products and services possible in ways previously unimaginable, exerting an extensive and profound influence on commercial, industrial, financial and even medical enterprises, universities and government agencies. All of this wide variety of transformations can be distilled into the concept of ＂Internet thinking. ＂ This paper poses that internet thinking consists of the following three levels. First is lnternet spirit, i.e., openness, equality, collaboration and sharing. Second is Internet philosophy, including interconnection between virtual and real entities, elimination of restrictions of time and space, modularization, personal imperialism, crowdsourcing and user-centered approaches. Third is the Internet economy, featuring long-tail theory at a technical level, market equilibrium theory at the level of transaction structure and consumer sovereignty theory at the level of transaction performance. According to Internet thinking, traditional firms must be transformed towards smart organizations characterized by network-based ecosystem, global integration, platform-based operation, users as contributors, borderless development and self- organizing management. As rightly pointed out by the CEO of Haier Group Zhang Ruimin, ＂There is no such a thing as a successful firm; there are only firms defined by their times. ＂ Adapting to the times is key to the survival of all firms.

Laws,as an Integral Whole,Promotes the Cause of Human Rights

In modem society, the rule or law is an important pattern of national governance. Realizing human rights is closely related to the rule of law. What the author intends to discuss is how to use integral thinking to understand human rights as well as the relationship between human rights and development and how to comprehend the rule of law and the promotion of human rights through the rule of law in the process of facilitating the cause of human rights.

Media and Human Rights Education——A Probe into the Possibility of News Coverage from the Viewpoint of the Human Rights Framework

At the present time, mass me- dia and new media play an important part in establish- ing and constructing a civil society. This paper will focus on educa- tional roles of the media and will probe the major experiences and challenges related to constructing news events with human rights as the framework.

Interpretation of the Report of the 18th CPC Congress:To Respect and Protect Human Rights

In the crucial period of building a moderately prosperous soci- ety and deepening reform and opening up, and of accelerat-ing the transformation of economic development, the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, which was held in November 2012, made comprehensive arrange- ments for the undertakings of both the Party and the State, further clari- fied the goals and grand blueprint for future development in the next period, and left an important and far- reaching impact on the development of our country＇s human rights cause. This paper intends to give a theo- retical interpretation of the part of the Report regarding ＂to respect and pro- tect human rights.＂

美日韩三边合作机制的建立及影响

The establishment of the US-Japan-ROK cooperation mechanism and its permanent presence in the region marks a historic turning point in trilateral relations.By synergizing the US-Japan and US-ROK alliances and enhancing tripartite collaboration,the mechanism will be oriented to serving American strategic goals and have profound implications for the situation on the Korean Peninsula and the broader Northeast Asia.Despite its strategic intention and actual deployment to contain China,the US-promoted mechanism will not completely exclude or replace China-Japan-ROK dialogue and cooperation.

Expansion of Technical Innovation and Demand Determines Production Organization Pattern in Strategic Emerging Industries——Taking Example of TFT-LCD Industry

Taking the evolution process of TFT-LCD industry as an example,this paper applied history-friendly model to analyze the effect of technology innovation and learning,and market demand growth and fluctuation on the evolution of production organization pattern in strategic emerging industries.Our research indicates that:(1) when market demand maintains linear growth,continuous technology innovation capabilities of vertically integrated enterprises in leading position of an industry are the key factor in deciding whether dominant production organization pattern will shift from vertical integration to specialization;(2) when market demand is in cyclical fluctuation,the technology learning capabilities of specialized enterprises in catch-up position are the key factor in deciding whether dominant production organization pattern will shift from vertical integration to specialization;(3) when market demand growth is under cyclical fluctuation,if the relative gap between technology innovation capabilities of vertically integrated enterprises and technology learning capabilities of specialized enterprises remains constant,the phase when industry cycle moves from trough to plateau is the best time window for specialized enterprises to catch up with and overtake vertically integrated enterprises.Hence,policy design supporting the development of strategic emerging industries should give full consideration to factors like market demand environment and technology innovation and learning capabilities of domestic enterprises.

30 Years of China-ASEAN Dialogue:Join Hands to Create a Civilization of Cooperation

The year 2021 is the 30th anniversary of the establishment of dialogue relations between China and ASEAN.As an old Chinese saying holds,a man should be independent at the age of thirty.For China and ASEAN,this signifies that their relations have become mature at this stage.

Outbound Chinese Capital Spurs European Economy

THE European Union’s advanced technology,skilled labor force,transparent legal environment,and relatively easy market access make it the preferred investment destination for Chinese investors.European countries,meanwhile,welcome investment from Chinese enterprises,because it promotes economic

Mixed Feelings about Chinese Tourists

INTERNATIONAL travel is becoming fashionable in China and more people are beginning to explore the outside world.Many countries are trying to attract Chinese tourists.Many foreigners,however,have a somewhat love-hate relationship with Chinese visitors.They love Chinese tourists’high level of consumption,and the economic benefits it brings.

Taosi:Bridging Early Chinese Civilization and Imperial China

Taasi,an archaeological site in Xiangfen County,north China's Shanxi Province,was recognized as one of the Top 100 Arch aeological Discoveries of the Century in October 2021.Situated in the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River,it stands as the cradle of Ch inese civilization with i ts distinctive cultural footprint.Its grand scale and complete elements as a cap ital city make it a significant cultural hub of the Central Plains over 4,000 years ago.

Digital Technology Empowers China's Service Sector Growth:Mechanism and Implementation Path

Digital technology is an instrument and vehicle for digital empowerment and the development of the digital economy.Digital applications in the service sector have spawned new business modes over recent years such as industrial internet platforms,new retail and online education,which have contributed to China s service sector growth and transition.With the help of digital technology,the service sector has maintained rapid growth,improved in terms of structure,quality and efficiency,increased public welfare,and enhanced indigenous innovation.In light of inadequate and uneven progress of digitalization and insufficient factor support and government incentives,we suggest that the government further advance digitalization development across the board,bolster factor support,and enhance policymaking.

A Spatial Econometric Approach to Studying Regional Air Pollution in China

Using spatial econometric method,this paper investigates the mutual influence of air pollution among 31 Chinese provincial regions,together with the effects of energy mix and economic variations.Global spatial autocorrelation analysis reveals that significant positive spatial correlation exists for air pollution;Local spatial autocorrelation analysis indicates that pollution aggregation hot spots are concentrated in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region,the Yangtze River Delta and part of the central region between these two economic growth poles.This paper believes that industrial relocation is a major reason behind such distribution of air pollution in China as it has deepened the spatial correlation between interregional economy and pollution,which will further give rise to the spatial spillover effect of pollution.With the creation of the regression model of spatial and Environmental Kuznets Curve,the authors discovered that the level of pollution is closely related to energy mix and industrial structure.In addition,the inverted U-shape relationship between air pollution and economic development as demonstrated by previous studies does not exist or is yet to appear in China,where continuous growth of per capita GDP is accompanied by an increasing level of pollution.According to empirical analysis,the improvement of environmental quality at the expense of industrial relocation to neighboring regions is temporary.Due to the existence of spillover effect of pollution,regions that have enforced tighter environmental regulation such as Beijing and Tianjin are unable to acquire all benefits from such regulation.Treatment of air pollution necessitates interregional joint prevention and control.In the long run,adjusting energy mix and optimizing industrial structure are the key to fighting air pollution.But in the short run,reducing the consumption of inferior coal is the most effective option for China,which has seen multiple-fold increase in imports of inferior coal each year.

China's Next Step:to Reform Monopoly Industries

Based on the study of enterprise managerial corruption in Chinese SOEs, this paper points out the new characteristics of managerial corruption in Chinese SOEs:administrative monopoly has become increasingly common, while corruption for personal gains by SOE leaders hits become less and less frequent.This means the reform of SOEs has entered a new stage in which the core problem is how to deal with administrative monopoly.

Indonesia＇s ＇Sea Power＇ Strategy and Maritime Cooperation with China

Indonesia has adopted a comprehensive development strategy based on marine development. The author tries to elaborate on the domestic background and concrete measures of this strategy, and to further explore the path and prospects for strengthening maritime cooperation between China and Indonesia.

China-US Maritime Cooperation： Features and Future Efforts

As the entanglements of the United States into China-related maritime disputes become more frequent, the academic circle has spent much rime, in recent years, conducting in-depth research into the motives and strategies of the US to meddle in the maritime disputes between China and some of its neighbors, as well as the strategic competition between China and the US on maritime issues. However, litde attention has been given to China-US maritime cooperation. This article aims to oudine the history and current situation of China-US maritime cooperation, and explain both the potential highlights and difficulties of developing further maritime cooperation between the two countries.