Review on the clinical application of autologous fattransplantation in secondary lip malformation after cleft lip surgery

Congenital cleft lip is a common congenital defect.At present,surgical treatment is the only effective treatment for congenital cleft lip.Currently,there are many surgical methods for cleft lip.Many scholars continue to the improvement of surgical methods,and the immediate effect after surgery is significantly improved.However,despite the continuous improvement of surgical methods,lip and nose deformities are inevitably left after cleft lip.Because the lip occupies an important aesthetic position in the face,the restoration of secondary lip deformity after cleft lip surgery has important clinical significance.There are individual differences in secondary lip deformities in patients with cleft lip,and there are various methods of rehabilitation.There is no uniform treatment standard.This article mainly focuses on the current treatment progress of secondary lip deformities after cleft lip,especially autologous fat transplantation in secondary lip deformity after cleft lip is reviewed as follows.

Effects of microenvironment and biological behavior on the paracrine function of stem cells

Mesenchymal stem cells(MSCs),the most well-studied cell type in the field of stem cell therapy,have multi-lineage differentiation and self-renewal potential.MsC-based thera-pies have been used to treat diverse diseases because of their ability to potently repair tissue and locally restore function.An increasing body of evidence demonstrates that paracrine func-tion is central to the effects of MsC-based therapy.Growth factors,cytokines,chemokines,extracellular matrix components,and extracellular vehicles all contribute to the beneficial ef-fects of MSCs on tissue regeneration and repair.The paracrine substances secreted by MSCs change depending on the tissue microenvironment and biological behavior.In this review,we discuss the bioactive substances secreted by MsCs depending on the microenvironment and biological behavior and their regulatory mechanisms,which explain their potential to treat human diseases,to provide new ideas for further research and clinical cell-free therapy.

Foreword from Professor Weiguo HuAs

HuAs one of the founding members of the World Association for Plastic Surgeons of Chinese Descent(WAPSCD),I have a great pleasure to write this foreword for the Chinese Journal of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery(CJPRS),China's Mainland’s first English plastic surgery journal,directed by my dear friends,the Professor Qingfeng Li,Editor-in-Chief,and the Professor Xiaoxi Lin,Executive Editor,both from the world well-known Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital.

Sources and Deficiency Diseases of Mineral Nutrients in Human Health and Nutrition:A Review

Mineral nutrients are fundamentally metals and other inorganic compounds. The life cycle of these mineral nutrients begins in soil, their primary source. Soil provides minerals to plants and through the plants the minerals go to animals and humans; animal products are also the source of mineral nutrients for humans. Plant foods contain almost all of the mineral nutrients established as essential for human nutrition. They provide much of our skeletal structure, e.g., bones and teeth. They are critical to countless body processes by serving as essential co-factors for a number of enzymes. Humans can not utilize most foods without critical minerals and enzymes responsible for digestion and absorption. Though mineral nutrients are essential nutrients, the body requires them in small, precise amounts. We require them in the form found in crops and they can be classified into three different categories： major, secondary, and micro or trace minerals. This classification is based upon their requirement rather than on their relative importance. Major minerals such as potassium （K） and phosphorus （P） are required in amounts of up to 10 g d-1. The daily requirement of secondary and micro minerals ranges from 400 to 1 500 mg d-1 and 45 ~tg d-1 to 11 mg d-1, respectively. To protect humans from mineral nutrient deficiencies, the key is to consume a variety of foods in modest quantities, such as different whole grains, low fat dairy, and different meats, vegetables and fruits. For insurance purposes, a supplement containing various mineral nutrients can be taken daily.