The Focus on “Deeply Studying and Implementing the Spirit of the 20th Rights Development” CPC National Congress and Adhering to the Chinese Path of Human

on November 8, 2022, the China Society for Human Rights Studies held a seminar in Beijing on “Deeply Studying and Implementing the Spirit of the 20th CPC National Congress and Adhering to the Chinese Path of Human Rights Development”. Padma Choling, vice chairperson of the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress and president of the China Society for Human Rights Studies, addressed the event. The participating experts and scholars focused on studying and implementing the spirit of the 20th CPC National Congress and conducted in-depth interpretations of the macro and micro issues centered on the Chinese path of human rights development from multiple perspectives. Here are excerpts from some of the experts’ discussions for reference. Selected papers include Dai Jitao’s “on Using the Constitutional Way of Thinking to Promote Allaround Development of Human Rights”, Gong Xianghe’s “Committed to the Chinese Path of Human Rights Development Featuring a Coordinated Relationship between Human Rights and Economic Development”, He Zhipeng’s “Core Elements of the Chinese Path of Human Rights Development”, Hua Guoyu’s “The Logic of China’s Human Rights Development in the New Era”, Li Chaoqun’s “The People-centered Discourses in the Chinese Human Rights Discourse System”, Zhang Aining’s “The Chinese Modernization: A Chinese Path Empowered by the Right to Development”, and Yang Bochao’s “The Cultures and Values of the Times Underlying the View of Human Rights in Contemporary China”. It is hoped that this collection of papers will help in studying and implementing the spirit of the 20th CPC National Congress and in understanding the important discourses on respecting and protecting the human rights, as Xi Jinping, General Secretary of the Communist Party of China(CPC) Central Committee, has said.

On the Commonness of “UN Core Human Rights Conventions”

As a main component of international human rights documents, the United Nations core human rights conventions show obvious formal and substance commonalities. The formal commonalities consist in their being adopted by UN General Assembly and their similarity in structure, subjects and systems. Their commonalities in substance include the similarity of contents, the homogeneity of the procedural mechanisms and the complementary nature of their normative interpretation. The commonalities among the UN’s core human rights treaties is the inevitable requirement of the universality and wholeness of human rights.

Human Rights Implications of Bringing the Building of a Moderately Prosperous Society in All Respects to a Successful Completion——From the perspective of the Developmentalism of Human Rights

The Developmentalism of Human Rights provides a broader perspective for a comprehensive and profound understanding of the human rights implications of bringing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects to a successful completion.From the perspective of the Developmentalism of Human Rights,bringing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects to a successful completion takes promoting the all-round development of human beings as the starting point and end point,which embodies the ultimate goal of human rights to guarantee everyone’s free,comprehensive and coordinated development;the specific goals and tasks set by bringing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects to a successful completion respond to the four means rights to subsistence,freedom,participation and equal protection.The realization of the goals and tasks of completing the process of building a moderately well-off society in all aspects marks a higher level of safeguarding the right to development,and also opens a new journey for all members of the society to develop freely,comprehensively and harmoniously.

On the Relations Between National Security and Human Rights Defined in the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China

Counterterrorism,de-radicalization and anti-violence are the major tasks of the international community.As the arch enemy of human rights,terrorism destroys the constitutional order and endangers people’s lives,freedom and safety.It is the obligation of modern countries and the core value of legal states to safeguard human rights.Human rights should be effectively safeguarded under the premise of building a sound constitutional order and national security.public order and social stability foster a sound environment for the protection of human rights.In the face of terrorism’s severe threat to human rights,all countries are re-examining the order of human rights values and seeking mechanisms and procedures to balance National Security and Human Rights through their constitutions.The concepts of human rights and social order and the ways to explain the two are different due to different constitutional systems and cultural and religious traditions.However,they do have something in common,that is,counterterrorism and de-radicalization do not conflict with human rights protection.Efforts should be made to foster a view of human rights based on security and a view of security based on human rights,and a dynamic principle of proportionality established for counterterrorism and human rights protection,so endowing the traditional principle of proportionality with flexible,rich value connotation.

An Academic Summary of the International Seminar Series on “State Responsibilities for the Protection of Human Rights in Public Health Crises”

On June 8,2020,an international video conference on"State Responsibilities for the Protection of Human Rights in Public Health Crises,"co-organized by the Human Rights Center of Jilin University,the Law School of Jilin University,the Theoretical Law Research Center of Jilin University and Saint-Petersburg State University of Russia,was successfully held under the guidance of the China Society for Human Rights Studies.Chinese and foreign experts and scholars from universities and research institutions at home and abroad participated in the discussion.In the context of a public health crisis and against the background of a complex international situation,the seminar discussed the responsibility of a state to protect human rights from the perspective of the rights and obligations of states regulated by international laws and the international cooperation exhibited by international relations.It fully demonstrated the importance of multilateral cooperation and promoted the concept of a community with a shared future for human beings.

The Human Rights Discourse and its Changes during the Early Establishment of the Communist Party of China: From 1921 to 1927

during the early establishment of the Communist Party of China,human rights became the ideal and goal pursued by the Chinese Communists,and the discourse of human rights was vividly reflected in multiform Party documents.The centennial history of the CPC parallels that of the Chinese people’s exploration,struggle,and practice of human rights.Based on the literature review of the changes of the CPC―human rights discourse from its founding period to the Great Revolution period,this paper expounds on the CPC’s human rights discourse and its expressions in the early days after the Party was founded.

On the Relationship Between Human Rights Protection and the Modernization of State Governance

The protection of human rights inherently related to modern state-governance. On the one hand, human rights protection is the foundation and criteria for modern state-governance, characterized by democracy, rule of law and civility, with human rights as a cross-cutting theme in all these elements. On the other hand, human rights protection provides conditions and motives for modernizing state governance. Human rights are pursued as a fundamental value in modern state-governance. Human rights protection is also a driving force for good governance and a touchstone for the modernity of governance.

A Brief Study on the Formation and Features of the Development Path of Human Rights in China

General Secretary Xi Jinping delivered an important speech at a group study session of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China Central Committee on February 25,2022,stressing the importance of"unswervingly following the development path of Human Rights in China."After years of theoretical exploration and practical experience in human rights,the path has been blazed.It has been taken by adhering unswervingly to the strong leadership of the CPC,respecting the principal position of the people,practicing the people-centered development concept,proceeding from China s reality and the requirements of the people,combining the principle of universality of human rights with China's reality,strengthening the system and the rule of law protection of human rights,and actively participating in global governance on human rights.Only by unswervingly following the development path of human rights in China can the cause of human rights in China achieve better and faster development.

The Main Areas and Mechanism of China-Africa Cooperation from the Perspective of Human Rights——Based on the Analysis of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation

China-Africa cooperation has a long history and a solid foundation of mutual trust.Since the launch of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation(FOCAC)in 2000,China and African countries have conducted more comprehensive and institutionalized cooperation,and achieved a series of achievements which have attracted the attention of the international community.From the perspective of human rights protection,China-Africa cooperation is mainly concentrated in five areas,namely:poverty alleviation,medical and health,the ecological environment,conflict management,education and cultural communication.Based on the practices in each of these fields,it can be summarized that there are five mechanisms,i.e.,the approach mechanism,material support mechanism,capacitybuilding mechanism,system optimization mechanism,and mechanism for breakthroughs on key issues.The main areas and mechanism of China-Africa cooperation is a potential network structure and has become a powerful impetus to promote the joint building of a community of shared future between China and Africa.

Overview of the Symposium on Human Rights Cause in China in the New Era

The symposium on the "Progress of Human Rights Development in the New Era in China" was jointly hosted by the China Society for Human Rights Studies and the Publicity Department of the Guangdong Provincial Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and organized by Guangzhou University Institute for Human Rights in Guangzhou on 19 December 2017. Scholars and experts from more than 20 universities and institutes, as well as delegates from over 10 ministries and commissions under the State Council participated in the symposium. The symposium explored four themes: "Human Rights Connotations in Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era", "The Progress of Human Rights Development in China after the 18 th National Congress of the CPC", "The Prospective of Human Rights Development in the New Era in China", as well as "Building a Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings and the Progress of the Human Rights Development of the World". This Paper is a record of the important opinions articulated during the Symposium.

The Communist Party of China's Human Rights Assertions in its Centennial Diplomacy: An Evolutionary Evaluation

The Communist Party of China’s propositions regarding human rights in its diplomatic practice over the past 100 years have emerged and evolved amid drastic changes in the domestic and international environment,and it is necessary to interpret them in the context of the times and their particular historic juncture.With the theme of the CPC’s diplomatic thought changing from“revolution and war”to“peace and development”over the past century,the core value of the CPC’s propositions regarding human rights in its diplomatic practice has gradually evolved from the view of collective human rights characterized by demanding,realizing and defending the right to national self-determination to the view which attaches equal importance to individual and collective human rights and espouses a people-centered approach in human rights protection.In this process,the CPC has followed the international trend,accepted international human rights norms,actively participated in global human rights governance,integrated the universality of human rights with China’s national conditions,continually summed up its own experience in human rights practice,provided the international community with Chinese wisdom and solutions,advanced the establishment of a fairer,more reasonable and inclusive global human rights governance system,promoted the building of a community of shared future for mankind,and opened a new path of human rights diplomacy with Chinese characteristics.

The Practical Basis and Theoretical Innovation of Human Rights in Contemporary China——Theory of Human Rights Structure Moving towards Developmentalism

The practice of human rights in contemporary China puts forward an urgent demand for the innovation in human rights theories.On the basis of summarizing the practice of human rights in contemporary China,the developmental theory of human rights holds that human rights are the value consensus and social norms fostered by the common crisis faced by all human beings under the background of globalization of market economy.The free,comprehensive and harmonious development of all people is the ultimate goal of human rights.Taking the right to human development"as a purposive right can provide more enlightening explanations for the relational structure of human rights.

China's Human Rights Progress in the New Century

Human rights are a kind of right deriving from human dignity. The pursuit of well- being and dignity is theeternal aspiration of human beings, as well as of the Chinese people. Since re- form and opening up, particularly since the beginning of the 21 st century, China has achieved remarkable advancements in its human fights cause. In March 2012, the National People＇s Congress （NPC） approved, with broad support, amendments to the Criminal Procedure Law, which for the first time includes ＂respecting and protecting human fights.＂ It is a landmark in the history of China＇s human rights development and signals the rapid progress of human fights in China.

A Summary of the Symposium on Building a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind and Global Governance of Human Rights

On June 8,2017,a symposium on Building a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind and Human Rights Global Governance was held in Jinnan campus of Nankai University.It was hosted by the China Society for Human Rights Studies and the Publicity Department of Tianjin Municipal Party Committee and organized by Nankai University.

Interpretation of the Report of the 18th CPC Congress:To Respect and Protect Human Rights

In the crucial period of building a moderately prosperous soci- ety and deepening reform and opening up, and of accelerat-ing the transformation of economic development, the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, which was held in November 2012, made comprehensive arrange- ments for the undertakings of both the Party and the State, further clari- fied the goals and grand blueprint for future development in the next period, and left an important and far- reaching impact on the development of our country＇s human rights cause. This paper intends to give a theo- retical interpretation of the part of the Report regarding ＂to respect and pro- tect human rights.＂

On the Relationship Between Human Rights and Sovereignty

The relationship between human lights and sovereignty is a key theoretical and practical issue that has aroused heated debate in the international human lights field. What are the viewpoints and positions of Western countries and developing countries on this issue？ What is the deeply rooted reason for this debate？ How can the relationship between the two be properly handled？ This article will analyze these questions.

Vigorously Boosting the Development of Chinese Human Rights Theory and Practice

We feel a great honor and heavy responsibil- ity upon the Human Rights Research Center at Shandong University being named one of China＇s national human rights education and training bases. In our view, national human rights education and training bases should keep up with the times, bring into full play their ad- vantages of uniqueness and openness, complement each other, make con- certed efforts to achieve innovation and vigorously boost the development of Chinese human rights theory and practice. The university center will continue to bring into play its tradi- tional strength in theoretical research and graduate education and work hard to fulfill all the tasks of the center. It will focus on the following work.

Enforcement of Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Disclosure of Government Information and Continual Development of a Group of Basic Human Rights

Introduction 2013 saw the sixth anniversary of the formulation of Regulations of the People＇s Republic of China on Disclosure of Government Information （hereinafter referred to as the Regulations） and the fifth anniversary of their being put into effect. As the Regulations were stipulated and put into force,

On the Role of China's Letters and Visits System in Human Rights Protection

The letters and visits system is a kind of system for hu- man rights protection with Chinese characteristics.The system has made tremendous achievements in promoting and safeguarding human rights and ac- cumulated rich experience in the protection of human rights. In the future, it will continuously play a unique role in China＇s human rights protection.

Legalization of the Right to Peace in the Context of a Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings

The right to peace means that all people have the right to resist aggression,and to safeguard and enjoy peace.As a collective right enjoyed by a country or people,the right to peace has not been clearly established as a legal right by international laws or international conventions.This situation is closely related to the Western countries’long-term control of the individualistic human rights discourse.With the deepening of globalization and the addition of the concept of a community with a shared future for human beings in UN resolutions,peace is the common goal of all countries,and the whole of human society,and the international community is raising an increasingly higher demand for the right to peace based on the rule of law.The right to peace based on the rule of law requires that the international community stipulate the right to peace via international laws and conventions and clarify its connotations,the subjects of the right and their obligations,as the implementing agencies and ways to realize the right.