Build Asian Consensus on Human Rights,Promote-Overview of Academic Viewpoints at the Asian Forum on Human Rights 2022

The Asian Forum on Human Rights was held at the Renmin University of China(RUC)from November 26 to 27,2022.With the theme“Environment,Climate Change and Human Rights,”the event consisted of 12 sub-forums.The forum was hosted by RUC and jointly organized by the RUC Law School,RUC School of Global Governance,Human Rights Center of RUC,RUC Asia-Pacific Institute of Law,and RUC Center for Coordination and Innovation of Food Safety Governance.The forum focused on discussing topics related to climate change and the environment and responded to common concerns of the international community.It built an international exchange platform to facilitate Asian scholars to build consensus on human rights.Covering a wide range of topics,the event promoted academic exchange in various fields.Experts and scholars from both home and abroad built an extensive consensus on topics such as climate change,environmental conservation,and human rights protection through open exchanges and in-depth discussions,contributing their ideas and wisdom to improving the common well-being of Asian people.

Developments in the U.S.Republican Party Since the 2020 Election

On November 8,2023,the Republican Party of the United States hosted its third televised debate for the presidential nomination primary in Miami,Florida.Former President Donald Trump,though absent once again,still maintains a lead in all polls and is even considered highly likely to win the Republican nomination for the third time,to fight Biden again and compete for the White House throne.In fact,over the three years since Trump left office,and Biden came to power,the Republican Party did not get rid of the influence of the political philosophy represented by Trump,and the party’s political ecology and policy agenda inevitably by Trump’s personal influence,presenting a subtle and complex political phenomenon as Trump has never left.

On the“News Exception”in Personal Information Protection

Protection of personal information is a significant issue in the construction of legal systems in various countries in the information age.Introducing a balanced approach for protecting personal information is an important goal of basic human rights protection and data legislation.Personal information protection involves comprehensive considerations among various values,and the balanced structure between personal information rights and other rights systems has become the key to legislation on personal information protection.The“news exception”is a prominent example representing the balanced structure of personal information protection.As a societal instrument,news not only pursues commercial value but also advocates freedom of expression and public value.There exists a natural tension between news and personal information protection.The“news exception”of the balanced structure has become a fundamental requirement and important connotation for constructing a system for protecting personal information.The balanced structure of the“news exception”requires a reasonable definition of the concept and purpose of news,and both the self-discipline within the news industry and the judicial intervention are necessary factors.China has preliminarily completed the top-level legislative design of personal information protection through laws such as the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China(PRC)and the Personal Information Protection Law of the People’s Republic of China.However,the balanced mechanism of the“news exception”has not yet been fully established in China.A“news exception”based on the ideas of balance and the improvement of the institutional system is the fundamental principle for the development of China’s personal information protection system.

The Changing Identity of China in Global Governance and International Institutions

As global issues become more prominent and complex, various actors in the international community are strengthening global governance through systems of international cooperation. Different international actors have different identities, responsibilities and roles in international institutions due to their comprehensive strengths. They are roughly divided into three types: followers, supporters and leaders. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, its process of participation in international institutions and global governance has been obviously staged.In recent years, China has actively participated in various major international activities and carried out a series of diplomatic activities at home, which further demonstrates its involvement from a single participant to both a leader and a participant. In the existing traditional, modified and innovative international institutions, China is essentially playing a dual role, namely the roles of participant and supporter, the supporter and reformer, and the supporter and leader.

The Implementation of the Marrakesh Treaty in China:Theoretical Disputes and Institutional Arrangements

The Marrakesh Treaty is an international treaty specifically concluded by the World Intellectual Property organization(WIPo)to address the“book famine”for people who are blind,visually impaired,or otherwise print disabled.It uses the tools of copyright law and policy for the purpose of human rights.Prior to the conclusion of the Marrakesh Treaty,the international intellectual property treaties were all focused on intellectual property protection and the higher level of protection.The Marrakesh Treaty is the first international intellectual property treaty to highlight the limitation and exceptions of rights and explicitly use human rights discourse.There were some theoretical disputes during the negotiation of the Marrakesh Treaty,mainly because the international community failed to reach a consensus on such basic theoretical issues as the relationship between copyright and human rights and the legal nature of the Marrakesh Treaty.When implementing the Marrakesh Treaty in domestic law,China should face theoretical disputes,coordinate the protection of copyright and the promotion of human rights on the basis of its national conditions,and make corresponding institutional arrangements.

Upholding Integrity and Innovation to Promote Human Rights Development——Review of the Symposium on the 20th Anniversary of the Publication of Human Rights magazine

Human Rights magazine and the Center for Human Rights Studies of Renmin University of China held the Symposium on the 20thAnniversary of the Publication of Human Rights magazine on May 18, 2022. More than 30 experts and scholars from various universities and academic journals gathered online to discuss such topics as “an in-depth learning of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s important speeches on respecting and protecting human rights”, “review and prospect of the 20^(th)anniversary of the publication of Human Rights magazine”, and “the role of the academic journal platform on promoting the development of china’s human rights theories”. They studied Xi Jinping’s important speeches on China’s path of human rights, probed into the original concept of China’s human rights, and developed the discipline system, academic system, and discourse system of China’s human rights, providing insights for such academic journals as Human Rights to boost China’s human rights in theory and practice.

Study on the Maximum Volume of Inscribed Elliptical Cone inside a Cylinder

The volume of a cone is one third of the volume of a cylinder if they share same base and equal height. Let’s propose a hypothesis, if we expand the research area from cones to elliptical cones, could the maximum ratio of volume beyond one third? This paper tries to pull away the veils of it. Firstly, we present four types of inscribed elliptical cones inside cylinders, and con-sequently all the other inscribed elliptical cones can be classified to these four types. Secondly, for each type of them, this paper discusses the corresponding volume ratio of the inscribed elliptical cone to the cylinder. It is concluded that the largest ratio of the volume of an inscribed cone to that of the cylinder is 1/3. Finally, two types whose ratio could reach 1/3 are given as examples.

Clarifying Misunderstandings,Conveying the Essence

THIS year marks the sixth anniversary of the inception of the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). In April 2019, China will host the second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation in Beijing. While welcoming guests from all over the world, we also need to make clarifications on some internationally prevalent misunderstandings about the initiative.

China's CSR Has Both Common and Unique Dimensions as Compared with Western CSR

We conducted an inductive analysis of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in China based on an open-ended survey of 630 CEOs and business owners in 12 provinces and municipalities across China. In the survey, we collected 2811 CSR sample scenarios. After examining the quantitative data thus acquired, we identified 9 dimensions of CSR, including two dimensions never mentioned in western literature and another 2 dimensions generally recognized in western countries but not yet taking shape in China. A comparative study of CSR between China and western countries also unveiled some unique dimensions of CSR in China.In conclusion, CSR has been manifested in China in a form different from that in western countries, and China's CSR is closely related to the social and cultural background of China.

The Impacts of the Universal Two-Child Policy on China's Population

The universal two-child policy,implemented in October,2015,is considered to be the most significant adjustment in the history of China's family planning program.Using data from the 2014 national population sampling survey,this paper employs a population group-component calculation and projection method to compute the number of target population in 2016 and then to estimate the number of extra births that are likely to result from implementation of the universal two-child policy.The results show that the total number of extra births is estimated to be approximately 17.2 million in the years 2017-2021,with the number of extra births per year ranging from approximately 1.6 to 4.7 million.This will lead to a dramatic shift in China's TFR from an estimated 1.6 in 2016 to one approaching the replacement level,and then dropping to a projected 1.7.With the universal two-child policy in place,China's total population will grow to about 1.45 billion around 2028 and then gradually begin shrioking.The labor force will become larger under the universal two-child policy than it would if the stricter birth control policy were maintained,with an estimated 50 million additional people aged 15-59 in 2050.With implementation of China's new fertility policy,an estimated 34%of the population will be over 60 years of age in 2050,almost three percentage points lower than the level if the former fertility policy were continued.

Green Belt and Road Initiative:Progress,Challenges and Pathways

After the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic,globalization began to derail,whereas regional integration and multilateral economic and trade cooperation driven by inter-state politics became the main trend.In the face of climate risks,the pandemic,trade frictions and other severe man-made or non-man-made“black swan”events,wide cracks have opened in the global system of labor division and cooperation,plunging globalization into further grave uncertainty.Meanwhile the United Nations has repeatedly pointed to the climate emergency,calling for international cooperation to respond to the triple planetary emergencies of climate change,biodiversity and pollution.1 The sustainable development of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI)requires a coordinated approach to deal with different factors such as cleaner air,water,food and energy.This is not only significant for high-quality Belt and Road construction,but also for the new development paradigm of domestic and international circulations reinforcing each other.As global green governance steps up,the green BRI may correct the current global governance deficit and boost a green recovery in the post COVID-19 era,making up for the lack of sufficient green public goods2 while facilitating the establishment of a global ecological civilization.

RMB:Depreciating Internationally while Appreciating Externally

RMB has been depreciating internally while appreciating externally since 2002. This new monetary phenomenon, has been strengthened in the context that US dollar depreciates internationally and that domestic economy is overwhelmed with excessive liquidities. Certainly the monetary phenomenon is the reflection of the actual economy: continued trade surplus, triggered robustly by the export-driven economy, is bringing a huge amount of exchange reserve which accelerates sequentially the expansion of domestic money supply. Furthermore, a refrained appreciation of RMB tends to deteriorate the domestic inflation, which is not simply a traditional concept of CPI but a broad inflation parameter including a variety of asset prices. It's sure that the new phenomenon is becoming a new challenge to the macroeconomic equilibrium as well as the decision maker of monetary policy.

China’s Monetary Policy Is Less Exposed to the Federal Reserve

U.S. Federal Reserve Chair Janet Yellen recently changed her cautious attitude and suggested in her speech on August 26that an increased interest rate is more likely to happen in the near future.

Liangzhu: An Early State with Regional Sovereign Power

In his book,Han delves into the origins of Chinese civilization,tracing it back over 8,000 years and noting its consolidation around 5,000 years ago,with distinct origins in the north,central plains,and eastern regions.He underscores the pivotal roles of environmental changes and warfare in the evolution of Chinese civilization,while also highlighting the infusion of fresh vigor through cultural exchanges withthe West.

Understanding the CPC

Ira once asked Dr.Henry Kissinger whether he had seen any Marxist classics in late Chairman Mao Zedong’s personal libry,since Mao had received him there multiple times.His answer was probably not.Nevertheless,there were all kinds of thread-stitched books,all Chinese classics.

Is the ‘Circuit Breaker’ to Blame for the Stock Market Fall?

In an effort to tame the frenzied stock market last year,the China Securities Regulatory Commission（CSRC）implemented a＂circuit breaker＂mechanism to mitigate the impact of future fluctuations.The mechanism started operating on January 4,but was subsequently responsible for the early end of the first day of trading in 2016.

THE PRESS AND THE JUDICIARY： COURT AND JUDICIAL REPORTS IN THE PREss IN ENGLAND AND WALES

Western scholars have argued that image making and image management are a preoccupation of the judiciary. Images of the judiciary may take a variety of forms and be produced for kinds of audiences. One form of judicial image making and image management is live performances in the courtroom and other court settings. Another is the written judgment where the preoccupation is the style of the written text. Press and other mass media reports of judicial activity are another. The audience for judicial images is equally diverse, from fellow judges, lawyers in the courts and the wider legal community, the litigants before the courts to the executive, legislature and the public both in the courtroom and beyond. The image of the judiciary that is available to the public has a particular significance in Western rule of law democracies. As a general rule courts and the judiciary are required to operate in public and their activities must be open to public scrutiny. A recent policy manifestation of this goal is debated about confidence in the justice system and initiatives designed to improve confidence. In the majority of cases public scrutiny of judicial activity and public confidence in the judiciary relies upon the media. Objective and accurate press and media reports play a key role in shaping public understanding of the judiciary and generating or undermining confidence in that institution. Reports in regional and national newspapers have long been an important source of information, shaping public knowledge and facilitating public scrutiny of the justice system. In the UK, there is almost no scholarship on these representations past or present. The result is little known about the representation of the courts and the judiciary in press reports. Little is known about what the diligent reader of these reports can learn about judicial activity. The aim of this article is to take a first step towards changing that state of affairs. It uses a data set made up of 205 contemporary domestic newspaper reports of court and judicial activity. These come from a sample of 24 daily newspapers.＂ 10 national newspapers and 14from the regions. All were published on Thursday 16th February 2012, an unexceptional day in the life of the justice system and the press. The modest goal of this article is to offer an analysis of this snapshot of judicial activity in the press in England and Wales. The article concludes with some reflections on the significance of the findings of this study for our understanding of the role of the press in enabling public scrutiny of the judiciary.

AT A CROSSROADS

Under downward pressure,the global economy today faces the impacts of trade and tariff barriers resulting from great power competition.This year marks the 10th anniversary of the Belt and Road Initiative(BRI),a China-proposed initiative that aims to boost connectivity along and beyond the ancient Silk Road routes.The project plays a notable role in driving the economic development of participating countries and globalization at large.

Stepping Back, Moving Forward

The events of the preceding two years have restructured the traditional systems of global governance which have dominated the international order since 1945.