The Barrier of the Child and Parent Expected Models for Entering the School System-A Secondary Publication

The recognition of the positive value of student diversity and their right to full participation are key aspects of inclusion as a means of managing heterogeneity of the school population from an equality perspective.As the school cannot welcome the diversity of children without including their families,the same logic needs to apply to the relationship between the school and parents,particularly in the current environment where the school-family partnership appears as a privileged institutional leverage in the fight against inequalities at school.Based on an ethnographical study exploring how the relationship between the school and the families builds up in a Swiss school located in a context of strong cultural diversity,this paper interrogates how the school norm can be the main limitation to the inclusion of students and parents who are unfamiliar with the school.Derived from field observations and interviews,our results show how the teachers tend to approach their relationship with new students and their parents from the standpoint of narrowly defined expected models,leading them to engage in a vain attempt to conform the students and parents when they deviate from these models.The possibility of entering the school system for students and parents unfamiliar with school is hindered by the exclusive and excluding normativity on which the models of the child and the parent expected by the teachers are grounded.Based on these observations,we discuss how an inclusive approach seems to us to require in the first place a necessary process of decentering from the school and teachers,as a condition for recognition of the actual child and parent.

Study of tree shrew biology and models: A booming and prosperous field for biomedical research

The tree shrew(Tupaia belangeri)has long been proposed as a suitable alternative to non-human primates(NHPs)in biomedical and laboratory research due to its close evolutionary relationship with primates.In recent years,significant advances have facilitated tree shrew studies,including the determination of the tree shrew genome,genetic manipulation using spermatogonial stem cells,viral vector-mediated gene delivery,and mapping of the tree shrew brain atlas.However,the limited availability of tree shrews globally remains a substantial challenge in the field.Additionally,determining the key questions best answered using tree shrews constitutes another difficulty.Tree shrew models have historically been used to study hepatitis B virus(HBV)and hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection,myopia,and psychosocial stress-induced depression,with more recent studies focusing on developing animal models for infectious and neurodegenerative diseases.Despite these efforts,the impact of tree shrew models has not yet matched that of rodent or NHP models in biomedical research.This review summarizes the prominent advancements in tree shrew research and reflects on the key biological questions addressed using this model.We emphasize that intensive dedication and robust international collaboration are essential for achieving breakthroughs in tree shrew studies.The use of tree shrews as a unique resource is expected to gain considerable attention with the application of advanced techniques and the development of viable animal models,meeting the increasing demands of life science and biomedical research.

Interfacial engineering through lead binding using crown ethers in perovskite solar cells

In the domain of perovskite solar cells(PSCs),the imperative to reconcile impressive photovoltaic performance with lead-related issue and environmental stability has driven innovative solutions.This study pioneers an approach that not only rectifies lead leakage but also places paramount importance on the attainment of rigorous interfacial passivation.Crown ethers,notably benzo-18-crown-6-ether(B18C6),were strategically integrated at the perovskite-hole transport material interface.Crown ethers exhibit a dual role:efficiently sequestering and immobilizing Pb^(2+)ions through host-guest complexation and simultaneously establishing a robust interfacial passivation layer.Selected crown ether candidates,guided by density functional theory(DFT)calculations,demonstrated proficiency in binding Pb2+ions and optimizing interfacial energetics.Photovoltaic devices incorporating these materials achieved exceptional power conversion efficiency(PCE),notably 21.7%for B18C6,underscoring their efficacy in lead binding and interfacial passivation.Analytical techniques,including time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry(ToF-SIMS),ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy(UPS),time-resolved photoluminescence(TRPL),and transient absorption spectroscopy(TAS),unequivocally affirmed Pb^(2+)ion capture and suppression of non-radiative recombination.Notably,these PSCs maintained efficiency even after enduring 300 h of exposure to 85%relative humidity.This research underscores the transformative potential of crown ethers,simultaneously addressing lead binding and stringent interfacial passivation for sustainable PSCs poised to commercialize and advance renewable energy applications.

A hybrid physics-informed data-driven neural network for CO_(2) storage in depleted shale reservoirs

To reduce CO_(2) emissions in response to global climate change,shale reservoirs could be ideal candidates for long-term carbon geo-sequestration involving multi-scale transport processes.However,most current CO_(2) sequestration models do not adequately consider multiple transport mechanisms.Moreover,the evaluation of CO_(2) storage processes usually involves laborious and time-consuming numerical simulations unsuitable for practical prediction and decision-making.In this paper,an integrated model involving gas diffusion,adsorption,dissolution,slip flow,and Darcy flow is proposed to accurately characterize CO_(2) storage in depleted shale reservoirs,supporting the establishment of a training database.On this basis,a hybrid physics-informed data-driven neural network(HPDNN)is developed as a deep learning surrogate for prediction and inversion.By incorporating multiple sources of scientific knowledge,the HPDNN can be configured with limited simulation resources,significantly accelerating the forward and inversion processes.Furthermore,the HPDNN can more intelligently predict injection performance,precisely perform reservoir parameter inversion,and reasonably evaluate the CO_(2) storage capacity under complicated scenarios.The validation and test results demonstrate that the HPDNN can ensure high accuracy and strong robustness across an extensive applicability range when dealing with field data with multiple noise sources.This study has tremendous potential to replace traditional modeling tools for predicting and making decisions about CO_(2) storage projects in depleted shale reservoirs.

Paleoecology of Late Carboniferous Phylloid Algae in Southern Guizhou,SW China

Phylloid algae arc important rcef-builders in the late Carboniferous. This paper focuses on the paleoecology of phylloid algae in the Late Carboniferous on well-exposed reefs in Ziyun County, Guizhou Province. Phylloid algae growing closely packed arc attached via holdfast or similar structure to substrate. They were growing in environments such as shallow water, photic zone and below the wave base with medium energy currents. They have a variety of morphological forms, such as single cup-shaped, cabbage-shaped and clustering cup-shaped. The thalli arc of certain tenacity and intensity. In the areas dominated by phylloid algae, other marine orgam＇sms arc relatively scarce. Obviously, phylloid algae arc stronger competitors for living space than other co-occurring organisms.

Phylogenetic relationship and genetic differentiation of Populus caspica and Populus alba using cpDNA and ITS noncoding sequences

Populus caspica Bornm.(section Leuce and subsection Albida), one of the most endangered endemic tree species in the Hyrcanian Forest in Iran, has numerous morphological characteristics that are closely similar to Populus alba; to clarify their taxonomic relatedness and genetic differentiation and thus inform conservation strategies, we used the noncoding regions of chloroplast DNA(cpDNA; trnL-F and trnH-psbA) and the internal transcribed spacer(ITS). Leaf samples were collected from six populations across northern Iran. cpDNA and ITS fragments were amplified by universal primers using the PCR technique and directed sequencing. The results showed that P. caspica is genetically differentiated from P.alba, and two ITS variants were detected within some P.caspica individuals. Conflicts between topologies from ITS and plastid genomes were observed. High differentiation of P. caspica from the other Populus species shown in this study confirmed the diverging taxonomic status of this endangered species. We recommend in situ conservation measures(e.g., protected areas) for at least several populations of this species, especially in the plain regions of the Hyrcanian forest.

Analysis of the Stakeholder Engagement in the Deployment of Renewables and Smart Grid Technologies

The implementation of higher shares of renewables in a global energy mix has to be accompanied by simultaneous deployment of enabling smart grid technologies （SGTs）. This combination will inevitably lead to a revolutionary change in a conventional energy system, particularly, the shifting role of consumers to prosnmers. But resistance may arise from such a dramatic shift, since it is associated with high uncertainty in conjunction with increasing responsibilities of all stakeholders, the urgent need of effective control, and the development of a process. To ensure the positive influence, coherent actions of all players, and appropriate treatment of the spots of resistance, the analysis of the interplay between key stakeholders has been done. The paper introduces the framework for stakeholders＇ analysis, applies it on the European Union （EU） example, and provides recommendations to reduce the resistance of SGTs deployment.

An Influence Maximization Algorithm Based on the Mixed Importance of Nodes

The influence maximization is the problem of finding k seed nodes that maximize the scope of influence in a social network.Therefore,the comprehensive influence of node needs to be considered,when we choose the most influential node set consisted of k seed nodes.On account of the traditional methods used to measure the influence of nodes,such as degree centrality,betweenness centrality and closeness centrality,consider only a single aspect of the influence of node,so the influence measured by traditional methods mentioned above of node is not accurate.In this paper,we obtain the following result through experimental analysis:the influence of a node is relevant not only to its degree and coreness,but also to the degree and coreness of the n-order neighbor nodes.Hence,we propose a algorithm based on the mixed importance of nodes to measure the comprehensive influence of node,and the algorithm we proposed is simple and efficient.In addition,the performance of the algorithm we proposed is better than that of traditional influence maximization algorithms.

Long-Term Effects of Recommendation on the Evolution of Online Systems

We employ a bipartite network to describe an online commercial system.Instead of investigating accuracy and diversity in each recommendation,we focus on studying the influence of recommendation on the evolution of the online bipartite network.The analysis is based on two benchmark datasets and several well-known recommendation algorithms.The structure properties investigated include item degree heterogeneity,clustering coefficient and degree correlation.This work highlights the importance of studying the effects and performance of recommendation in long-term evolution.

Asynchronism of the spreading dynamics underlying the bursty pattern

The potential mechanisms of the spreading phenomena uncover the organizations and functions of various systems.However,due to the lack of valid data,most of early works are limited to the simulated process on model networks.In this paper,we track and analyze the propagation paths of real spreading events on two social networks:Twitter and Brightkite.The empirical analysis reveals that the spreading probability and the spreading velocity present the explosive growth within a short period,where the spreading probability measures the transferring likelihood between two neighboring nodes,and the spreading velocity is the growth rate of the information in the whole network.Besides,we observe the asynchronism between the spreading probability and the spreading velocity.To explain the interesting and abnormal issue,we introduce the time-varying spreading probability into the susceptible-infected(SI)and linear threshold(LT)models.Both the analytic and experimental results reproduce the spreading phenomenon in real networks,which deepens our understandings of spreading problems.

Influence of Taxation on Supply and Demand in Tomorrow's Crowd Energy Paradigm

The emergence of the energy self-sufficient home presents a new role for government taxation. Policymakers now face the challenge of reflecting this technological change in their decision-making and must assume a greater level of engagement. This paper proposes a number of original fiscal concepts for policymakers to implement in the support of micro-grid development. These are designed to optimise a sustainable transition away from the centralised energy system whilst creating shared value among stakeholders throughout the value chain. Concepts are based on residential micro-grid schemata in Switzerland and are applicable in other countries.

Human Aspects of Smart Technologies'Security:The Role of Human Failure

Security of smart technologies like smart grids and crowd energy systems cannot rely only on technical solutions, humans play a significant role in failure, security culture, information security, cyber security, trust and sharing, and perceptions and concern. This paper investigates security issues in smart technologies and the related role of human failure, whether it is intentional or unintentional.Methods that help reducing this failure are discussed. A human oriented framework for failure reduction is presented in order to enhance security.

Profitability of RE-Technology Regarding the Economic Environment:A Case Study of Swiss SMEs

Considering the important changes in the Swiss energy sector, especially in renewable energy(RE)technologies, new revenue possibilities for small and medium sized enterprises(SMEs) emerge. However, the adaption of RE-technologies for Swiss enterprises relies on tangible financial returns, based on complex calculations. This article analyses business opportunities(BOs) of eight Swiss SMEs considering the net present value of RE-investments in an uncertain economic environment. We identify two profitable BOs for Swiss SMEs and three which are not profitable. Further, the article demonstrates that the profitability of such investments remains mostly positive even under economic uncertainties. Surprisingly the profitability does not change significantly if the SME receives a subsidy or not. The support instrument of the Swiss Government has not a ponderous impact on the decision to invest in RE-technologies or not. Therefore, the article emphasizes the importance of including SME in the Swiss attempt to decentralize the energy market.

Impact of Business Practices on Individual Energy Consumption

Changing behaviours and attitudes towards more sustainable individual energy consum- ption is a difficult topic to address. After identifying the most recurrent factors influencing bad energy consum- ption-society＇s environmental short- sightedness, a lack of individual responsibility and a tendency to put responsibility upon firms, institutions, and governments, the authors evaluated the effect business practices can have on individual behaviour. By qualifying as highly credible sources of information, positioning themselves as examples to follow and providing its employees with the necessary smart, innovative technology, business communities can have a major impact on changing individual behaviours towards more sustainable energy consumption.

Scaling Behaviour and Memory in Heart Rate of Healthy Human

We investigate a set of complex heart rate time series from healthy human in different behaviour states with the detrended fluctuation analysis and diffusion entropy （DE） method. It is proposed that the scaling properties are influenced by behaviour states. The memory detected by DE exhibits an approximately same pattern after a detrending procedure. Both of them demonstrate the long-range strong correlations in heart rate. These findings may be helpful to understand the underlying dynamical evolution process in the heart rate control system, as well as to model the cardiac dynamic process.

Effect of Exercise-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation on Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Adults with Congenital Heart Disease

Background:The purpose of this study was to investigate whether patients with adult congenital heart disease(ACHD)benefit from exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation(CR)short-and long-term with regard to improvement of cardiorespiratory fitness.Methods:Cardiopulmonary exercise tests(CPET)completed by ACHD patients between January 2000 and October 2019 were analysed retrospectively.Linear mixed models were performed for peak oxygen consumption(VO_(2))with patients as random effect and age,sex,disease classification,preceding surgery(≤3 months)and preceding CR(≤4 weeks for short term and>4 weeks for long term)as fixed effects.Results:1056 CPETs of 311 ACHD patients with simple(7),moderate(188)or great(116)complexity heart defects were analysed.The 59 patients who completed a CR(median age 27 yrs,38%females)increased peak VO_(2)from before to after CR by a median of 2.7(IQR–0.6 to 5.5)ml/kg/min.However,in the multivariate mixed model,peak VO_(2)was non-significantly increased short-term after CR(β0.8,95%CI–0.7 to 2.4),not maintained long-term after CR(β0.0,95%CI–1.7 to 1.6)but significantly reduced after surgery(β–5.1,95%CI–7.1 to–3.1).The 20 CR patients after surgery increased their peak VO_(2)by 6.2(IQR 3.6–9.5)ml/kg/min,while the 39 CR patients without preceding surgery increased it by 0.9(IQR–1.5 to 3.1)ml/kg/min.Conclusions:The increase in peak VO_(2)with CR was mainly due to recovery from surgical intervention.The small independent benefit from CR was not maintained long-term,highlighting the potential to improve current CR concepts in ACHD populations.

Informal Networks of Power and Control of Deviation in Post-Soviet Non-Democracies

Informal networks, practices and institutions may be observed in many different social contexts, particularly in politics. In certain political regimes, certain forms of informality are to be expected and are also tolerated more than in others. Political informality in Eastern Europe may be presented on an axis with two poles, with many variants or combinations of informality and formality between them. These positions also allow the identification of specific regime types and legal systems. This chapter seeks to contextualize the distinction between the formal and the informal and to relate it to types of political regime, the principal focus resting on informal politics. Specific political contexts may produce practices of informality that have become so generalised that they can be described as cultures of informality. The interesting question is： to what extent are specific forms of informal structures more resilient in particular regime types than in others？ Particularly looking at some of the more-or-less autocratic Euroasiatic states, one can easily recognize that the very purpose of informal politics and institutions is to restrict or eliminate political competition. Forms and meanings of what is informal and formal change the further one moves eastwards. Formal rules are and may be used together with informal institutions to control society. All this points to specific cultures of informality that can be observed, as well as different cultures of trust and distrust. On the other hand, such cultures of informality have to be considered in the context of specific political systems, together with their regimes （the concrete configurations of political power） and their organisations. This paper looks particularly at hybrid non-democracies and suggests one might consider them, in the perspective ofNiklas Luhmann＇s system theory, as parasites of functional differentiation.

The Scramble for LandmSaving the Remains of Rural Space in Switzerland

In 2012 and 2013, the Swiss population voted on two separate yet related issues concerning spatial planning. In 2012 a restriction on second homes was introduced into the Constitution, in 2013 referendum the planning law was revised. Both issues wanted to restrict disproportionate building activities, and were accepted after a heated debate. This outcome mirrors a change in popular attitude towards constructions in the countryside and so-called ＂cold beds＂ （second homes used for a short time only）, but also towards the disfiguration of the （rural） landscape in general. At the same time it revealed two social rifts： between urban populations （that are increasingly migrating towards rural landscapes） and rural regions that want to obtain a similar level of living as the urban majority, and between lowland and mountain regions. The results of the referenda show that the population is very much concerned about the future of our landscape and environment. The paper discusses the two referenda and their implications for Switzerland in general and for regions that are considered marginal. Its focus lies on the political aspects of the two issues, which not only concern marginality but also are a challenge for national cohesion and direct democracy.

An Influence Maximization Algorithm Based on the Influence Propagation Range of Nodes

The problem of influence maximization in the social network G is to find k seed nodes with the maximum influence.The seed set S has a wider range of influence in the social network G than other same-size node sets.The influence of a node is usually established by using the IC model(Independent Cascade model)with a considerable amount of Monte Carlo simulations used to approximate the influence of the node.In addition,an approximate effect(1􀀀1=e)is obtained,when the number of Monte Carlo simulations is 10000 and the probability of propagation is very small.In this paper,we analyze that the propagative range of influence of node set is limited in the IC model,and we find that the influence of node only spread to the t0-th neighbor.Therefore,we propose a greedy algorithm based on the improved IC model that we only consider the influence in the t0-th neighbor of node.Finally,we perform experiments on 10 real social network and achieve favorable results.

Call for Papers Journal of Electronic Science and Technology Special Section on Energy-Efficient Technologies—Crowd Energy Applications

Since decades,the global electricity demand shows only one direction：a considerable constant increase every year.But the unlimited growth in energy consumption is discussed increasingly critical,not only primarily in terms of limitations but also in terms of more efficient,more intelligent,and more sustainable usage of energy.Energy-efficient technologies（EET）and renewable energy technologies are already in a competitive position in different markets,and they are also activelyembedded in scientific research. Meanwhile, enormous research on key points, such as smart home, smart cities, smart environments, and smart living in general, have been executed. Applying EET to improve human well-being and to reduce energy and resource consumption is on focus.