State of research： characteristics, function, and dating of Roman brass tokens Tokens （tesserae） formed part of everyday material culture of both Greeks and Romans.1 Made of wood, bone, clay, or metal, they facilit...State of research： characteristics, function, and dating of Roman brass tokens Tokens （tesserae） formed part of everyday material culture of both Greeks and Romans.1 Made of wood, bone, clay, or metal, they facilitated, for example, entry into the theatre, identification of soldiers, participation in political meetings, or the receipt of a special amount of grain.2展开更多
Concurrent extreme weather events in geographically distant areas potentially cause high-end risks for societies.By using network analysis,the present study managed to identify significant nearly-simultaneous occurren...Concurrent extreme weather events in geographically distant areas potentially cause high-end risks for societies.By using network analysis,the present study managed to identify significant nearly-simultaneous occurrences of heatwaves between the grid cells in East Asia and Eastern Europe,even though they are geographically far away from each other.By further composite analysis,this study revealed that hot events first occurred in Eastern Europe,typically with a time lag of3-4 days before the East Asian heatwave events.An eastward propagating atmospheric wave train,known as the circumglobal teleconnection(CGT)pattern,bridged the sequent occurrences of extreme events in these two remote regions.Atmospheric blockings,amplified by surface warming over Eastern Europe,not only enhanced local heat extremes but also excited a CGT-like pattern characterized by alternative anomalies of high and low pressures.Subsequent downstream anticyclones in the middle and upper troposphere reduced local cloud cover and increased downward solar radiation,thereby facilitating the formation of heatwaves over East Asia.Nearly half of East Asian heatwave events were preceded by Eastern European heatwave events in the 10-day time range before East Asian heatwave events.This investigation of heatwave teleconnection in the two distant regions exhibits strong potential to improve the prediction accuracy of East Asian heatwaves.展开更多
Peanut allergy is majorly related to severe food induced allergic reactions.Several food including cow's milk,hen's eggs,soy,wheat,peanuts,tree nuts(walnuts,hazelnuts,almonds,cashews,pecans and pistachios),fis...Peanut allergy is majorly related to severe food induced allergic reactions.Several food including cow's milk,hen's eggs,soy,wheat,peanuts,tree nuts(walnuts,hazelnuts,almonds,cashews,pecans and pistachios),fish and shellfish are responsible for more than 90%of food allergies.Here,we provide promising insights using a large-scale data-driven analysis,comparing the mechanistic feature and biological relevance of different ingredients presents in peanuts,tree nuts(walnuts,almonds,cashews,pecans and pistachios)and soybean.Additionally,we have analysed the chemical compositions of peanuts in different processed form raw,boiled and dry-roasted.Using the data-driven approach we are able to generate new hypotheses to explain why nuclear receptors like the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors(PPARs)and its isoform and their interaction with dietary lipids may have significant effect on allergic response.The results obtained from this study will direct future experimeantal and clinical studies to understand the role of dietary lipids and PPARisoforms to exert pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory functions on cells of the innate immunity and influence antigen presentation to the cells of the adaptive immunity.展开更多
The Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite(SWAS)was the first space telescope capable of high spectral resolution observations of terahertz spectral lines.We have investigated the integration ability of its two receiv...The Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite(SWAS)was the first space telescope capable of high spectral resolution observations of terahertz spectral lines.We have investigated the integration ability of its two receivers and spectrometer during five and a half years of on-orbit operation.The CI,O_(2),H_(2)O,and^(13)CO spectra taken toward all observed Galactic sources were analyzed.The present results are based on spectra with a total integration time of up to 2.72×10~4hr(■10~8s).The noise in the spectra is generally consistent with that expected from the radiometer equation,without any sign of approaching a noise floor.This noise performance reflects the extremely stable performance of the passively cooled front end as well as other relevant components in the SWAS instrument throughout its mission lifetime.展开更多
Atomic layer deposition(ALD) is a versatile technique to deposit metals and metal oxide sensing materials at the atomic scale to achieve improved sensor functions. This article reviews metals and metal oxide semicondu...Atomic layer deposition(ALD) is a versatile technique to deposit metals and metal oxide sensing materials at the atomic scale to achieve improved sensor functions. This article reviews metals and metal oxide semiconductor(MOS) heterostructures for gas sensing applications in which at least one of the preparation steps is carried out by ALD. In particular, three types of MOS-based heterostructures synthesized by ALD are discussed, including ALD of metal catalysts on MOS, ALD of metal oxides on MOS and MOS core–shell(C–S) heterostructures.The gas sensing performances of these heterostructures are carefully analyzed and discussed.Finally, the further developments required and the challenges faced by ALD for the synthesis of MOS gas sensing materials are discussed.展开更多
文摘State of research： characteristics, function, and dating of Roman brass tokens Tokens （tesserae） formed part of everyday material culture of both Greeks and Romans.1 Made of wood, bone, clay, or metal, they facilitated, for example, entry into the theatre, identification of soldiers, participation in political meetings, or the receipt of a special amount of grain.2
基金Guangdong Major Project of Basic and Applied Basic Research (2020B0301030004)National Natural Science Foundation of China (42275020)+1 种基金Innovation Group Project of Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai) (311021001)Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies (2020B1212060025)。
文摘Concurrent extreme weather events in geographically distant areas potentially cause high-end risks for societies.By using network analysis,the present study managed to identify significant nearly-simultaneous occurrences of heatwaves between the grid cells in East Asia and Eastern Europe,even though they are geographically far away from each other.By further composite analysis,this study revealed that hot events first occurred in Eastern Europe,typically with a time lag of3-4 days before the East Asian heatwave events.An eastward propagating atmospheric wave train,known as the circumglobal teleconnection(CGT)pattern,bridged the sequent occurrences of extreme events in these two remote regions.Atmospheric blockings,amplified by surface warming over Eastern Europe,not only enhanced local heat extremes but also excited a CGT-like pattern characterized by alternative anomalies of high and low pressures.Subsequent downstream anticyclones in the middle and upper troposphere reduced local cloud cover and increased downward solar radiation,thereby facilitating the formation of heatwaves over East Asia.Nearly half of East Asian heatwave events were preceded by Eastern European heatwave events in the 10-day time range before East Asian heatwave events.This investigation of heatwave teleconnection in the two distant regions exhibits strong potential to improve the prediction accuracy of East Asian heatwaves.
文摘Peanut allergy is majorly related to severe food induced allergic reactions.Several food including cow's milk,hen's eggs,soy,wheat,peanuts,tree nuts(walnuts,hazelnuts,almonds,cashews,pecans and pistachios),fish and shellfish are responsible for more than 90%of food allergies.Here,we provide promising insights using a large-scale data-driven analysis,comparing the mechanistic feature and biological relevance of different ingredients presents in peanuts,tree nuts(walnuts,almonds,cashews,pecans and pistachios)and soybean.Additionally,we have analysed the chemical compositions of peanuts in different processed form raw,boiled and dry-roasted.Using the data-driven approach we are able to generate new hypotheses to explain why nuclear receptors like the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors(PPARs)and its isoform and their interaction with dietary lipids may have significant effect on allergic response.The results obtained from this study will direct future experimeantal and clinical studies to understand the role of dietary lipids and PPARisoforms to exert pro-inflammatory or anti-inflammatory functions on cells of the innate immunity and influence antigen presentation to the cells of the adaptive immunity.
文摘The Submillimeter Wave Astronomy Satellite(SWAS)was the first space telescope capable of high spectral resolution observations of terahertz spectral lines.We have investigated the integration ability of its two receivers and spectrometer during five and a half years of on-orbit operation.The CI,O_(2),H_(2)O,and^(13)CO spectra taken toward all observed Galactic sources were analyzed.The present results are based on spectra with a total integration time of up to 2.72×10~4hr(■10~8s).The noise in the spectra is generally consistent with that expected from the radiometer equation,without any sign of approaching a noise floor.This noise performance reflects the extremely stable performance of the passively cooled front end as well as other relevant components in the SWAS instrument throughout its mission lifetime.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 61971252 and51972182)the Shandong Provincial Natural Science Foundation (ZR2020JQ27 and ZR2021YQ42)the Youth Innovation Team Project of Shandong Provincial Education Department (2020KJN015)。
文摘Atomic layer deposition(ALD) is a versatile technique to deposit metals and metal oxide sensing materials at the atomic scale to achieve improved sensor functions. This article reviews metals and metal oxide semiconductor(MOS) heterostructures for gas sensing applications in which at least one of the preparation steps is carried out by ALD. In particular, three types of MOS-based heterostructures synthesized by ALD are discussed, including ALD of metal catalysts on MOS, ALD of metal oxides on MOS and MOS core–shell(C–S) heterostructures.The gas sensing performances of these heterostructures are carefully analyzed and discussed.Finally, the further developments required and the challenges faced by ALD for the synthesis of MOS gas sensing materials are discussed.
