Design of Hygienic Support System & Research of Correlative Technology during Qinghai-Tibet Railway Operation

According to 4 aspects, including effect of plateau climate and environment on human health, epidemic characteristics of natural focal disease on Qinghai-Tibet plateau, supplying condition of drinking water resources and managing mode of Qinghai-Tibet railway operation, this paper does research on main facing problems of hygienic support work during Qinghai-Tibet railway operation. It also represents if hygienic support work needs to reach zero death object, it must follow up the overall thinking that people oriented, management centric, equipment as base and environment as condition. It makes design of stratification and structure of hygienic support system, and makes a detailed discussion of mutual dependent relations, status and effect of each factor existed in stratification and structure. It discusses the key technologies and presents suggestions. The key technologies include checkup appraisal mode used for plateau traveling staffs to ensure the hygienic support system go on wheels, the scheme of pressure oxygen supplying and new wind rate exchange for plateau passenger trains, information transport system used for Qinghai-Tibet railway hygienic support, and medical rescue preparatory scheme for accidental accidents [1-3] .

Support Operator’s Fault Diagnosis of Complex Plant Systemthrough Multilevel Flow Model and Ecological Interface Design

The paper describes a new human-interface system design method by combining the conception of Multilevel Flow Model and Ecological Interface Design to support operators’ fault diagnosis in the complex plant system. Modern man-made systems are always achieving many complex automatic and intelligent tasks so that they are becoming more and more complex and can be hardly understood by operators, who should be the primary role in system operating. This situation presents a big challenge to the operating support system that it should present the complex system in a direct and clear way to operators to and make operators understand the internal interaction of the system especially in the abnormal status to ensure the operating safety. The Multilevel Flow Model based on the idea of ”Abstraction Hierarchy”, aiming at decompressing a system by means-end and part-whole way, can be used to represent a complex system in a standard way and perform intelligent operating tasks such as fault diagnosis and process control. Ecological Interface Design, which based on the human cognitive properties, can present the internal interaction of the system in a direct way. This paper combines this two interface design conceptions to achieve two aspects, intelligent fault diagnosis and direct presentation of causal relationship of operating parameters, to support operators’ fault diagnosis in complex plant system. The design method is applied to a PWR power plant in this paper as an application example.

Wavelet Analysis of the Stochastic System with Coular Stationary Noise

In this paper, wavelet transform is used to analyse the stochastic system with coular stationary noise as follows:dX(t)=F(t)X(t)dt+B(t)u(t)dt+G(t)N(t)dtFor wavelet transform, its properties are analysed, and its density degree, wavelet expansion, correlation degree of expansion coefficient and their properties are obtained. All these results are new and useful.

Comparative Analysis and Development Trend of Rock Drill

A large number of pneumatic rock drills are being extensively used in a majority of mines in China nowadays, with a high noise level up to 125 dB(A) and large vibration and oil-fog on working-site, which can seriously jeopardize manipulator’s body and mind. Aiming at improving drilling environment and labor safety condition, the production mechanism of noise of all sorts of rock drills including pneumatic hydraulic and water-powered rock drills and measures of reducing noise level of pneumatic rock drills in special were discussed and led to the conclusion of that the pneumatic rock drills should be eliminated step by step, the hydraulic rock drill should be developed at full speed and especially the water-powered rock drill should be studied and applied according to the situation of China. In addition, the reasons of why hydraulic rock drills have not yet been used extensively and spread wide areas in China were discussed. The main technical parameters of newly developed leg-supporting water-powered rock drill and the comparation of experimental data between pneumatic rock drill and hydraulic rock drill were listed. The experimental results show that water-powered rock drill possesses the same superior properties as hydraulic rock drill and its noise is less than 20 dB(A) than pneumatic rock drill and there is no oil-fog on the working-site and vibration is reduced largely; but its drilling speed is raised largely , its structure is simpler, and maintenance is convenient. Therefore, popularizing applying of water-powered rock drill will be an effective way of improving mine working environment according to the current situation of China.

Analysis Groove Characteristics of Friction Dishes in Wet Speeding Clutch

The impacts of different groove shapes, numbers, and angle of friction dish on transmitting torque, speed, push pressure in wet speeding clutch are discussed in this paper. Since the wet speed governing clutch works within hydrodynamic lubrication, mixture lubrication, boundary lubrication and contact situation, the oils combining with α hydrocarbon or polyester are getting widely used as lubricant. The power law fluid model with Patir Cheng average flow model, GT asperity contact model and oil film inertia are applied for average Reynolds equation setting. In order to investigate the relationship between average push pressure within hydrodynamic lubrication and mixture lubrication, average transmitting torque and output speed, the numeral calculation and analysis are presented. According to calculation, it is found that the groove shape, groove angle and groove numbers affect the average transfer torque and push pressure with the speed rate.

Strategic Management of Large Projects

The strategic management of large projects is both theoretically and practically important. Some scholars have advanced flexible strategy theory in China. The difference of strategic flexibility and flexible strategy is pointed out. The supporting system and characteristics of flexible strategy are analyzed. The changes of flexible strategy and integration of strategic management are discussed.

Construction, Techniques and Application of New Generation Doppler Weather Radar in China

New generation Doppler weather radar (NEXTRAD) has become one of the most important tools for monitoring and forecasting severe weather. It has been widely used in some developed countries. The construction of China’s NEXTRAD network has started since 1998, and this project is supported by national debt. In this paper the author addresses the development of NEXTRAD techniques, the pre\|sent situation of construction and application of NEXTRAD in China, some problems to be carefully considered in construction, and seve\|ral new fields of future radar technique developments and applications in weather monitoring.

Method of Satellite Fault Diagnosis Based on Bayesian Network

Based on Bayesian network, a new method to diagnose satellite faults is presented. The Bayesian network model of physical processing of satellite is developed; the main ideas of Bayesian network model of satellite fault diagnosis are introduced; the method to make the symptom variables values into discrete forms is proposed; one example is given to illustrate the application of Bayesian network model for satellite fault diagnosis.

Decision-making & Practice on the Three Gorges Project(TGP)

China Yangtze TGP is a particularly giant hydro development project in the world, with an enormous scale and complex technology. Seventy years project planning, verification and decision making and ten years construction work demonstrate that not only great progress has been made within the projects implementation stage, but most of the conclusions from the verifications and decisions are correct as well. Some problems like sedimentation, environment and resettlement are still waiting to be proven in the actual operation of the project. This paper provides a brief introduction to the decision making and practice on TGP.

A Preliminary Analysis of Geologic & Seismologic Conditions for an Undersea Tunnel across the Taiwan Strait

The Taiwan Strait tunnel, as a great project, has been studied for a long time and met many challenges from the beginning of the feasibility study that has attracted attention among scientists and engineers on both sides of the Taiwan Strait and around the world as well. The key question is whether this undersea tunnel can be constructed with present technologies under such complex geologic and seismologic conditions. Results of current researches indicate that the sea floor of the Strait is covered with a horizontal layer composed of both the Pleistocene and the Holocene sandstone and shale with a thickness of about 200～300 m, without any large fault belt or fold.This can serve as a good bearing and impermeable layer for constructing such an undersea tunnel. The Penghu Islands and Penghu terrace, which are composed of hard basaltic rock over a wide area of 70 km (NS)×40 km (EW), might be connected each othar by a bridge instead of an undersea tunnel, and serve as a construction site. Although there are several geologic units separated by faults under the upper horizontal layer, these faults do not cut through the upper layer. Only the NE offshore fault along the Fujian coast and that along the west coast of Taiwan should be noticed, between which a suspension tunnel instead of an undersea tunnel can be constructed. Therefore it is judged that the tunnel beginning from Amoy, through the Jinmen Island and the Penghu Islands to the Peigang harbour is worth recommendation.

Essential Independent Condition for Graphs to Be Hamiltonian

Let G be a graph of order n. For graph to be Hamiltonian, beginning with Dirac's classic result in 1952, Dirac's theorem was followed by that of Ore in 1960. In 1984, Fan generalized Dirac's theorem and Ore's theorem as if G is a 2-connected graph of order n and max {d (u),d (v)}≥n/2 for each pair of vertices u and v with d (u,v)=2, then G is hamiltonian. In 1991, Faudree et al proved that if G is a 2-connected graph and, |N (u)∪N (v)|+δ(G)≥n for each pair of nonadjacent vertices u,v∈V(G), then G is hamiltonian. This paper generalizes the above conditions of Dirac, Ore, Fan and Faudree et al in the case of 3-connected graph and proves that if G is a 3-connected graph of order n and max{|N(x)∪ N (y)| +d (u), |N (w)∪N (z)|+d (v)}≥n for every choice of 6 Essential independent vertices, then G is hamiltonian.

Investigation of Prevalence Rate of Acute Severe Altitude Diseaseof Construction Groups at High Altitude

Objective: To know the prevalence rate of the acute severe altitude disease of the crowds who are working on the high altitude and the influential foctors upon the people. Method By epidemiology,a survey of 27606 persons who are working on the plateau has been made in the past three years,of which 229 persons had got the disease. 8175 persons who had received finer basic preventions in the group (Group A), has been compared with 19430 persons who had a weak or no basic provention in the group (Group B); the groups working on the plateau with 3 different elevations of above～3600, ～4600 & 5072 meters sea level have been compared. Resuts: The prevalence rate is 0.83% in total groaps, of wich, high altitude pulmonary edema is 0.50%, high altitude cerebral edema is 0.28%, the patients who has got both the above diseases is 0.05%. The prevalance rates of the above in Group B and those of higher elevation are higher than those in Group A. 0.32% in Group A, and 1.04% in Group B.(x2=36.95, p<0.001);the prevalence rate on the 3 different high elevations are 0.00%, 0.68% and 1.34% in proper order. The prevalence rate of individuals groups in the highest 4.82%(the first year) and 2.26% (the next year ) and all the diseases came on the groups working on the highest elevation areas. Conclusion: The prevalence rate of acute severe plateau disease is very stern, the main influential factors are the height above the sea level, and the level of basic prvention for the crowds. Enhancing the protection of the labourers and medical safeguard, and social psychological adaption can cut down the prevalence rate, and this is the first important problem to solve for the plateau medicine and support from the society.

The Great Significance of Establishing Strategic Status of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)

Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM), based on the philosophic idea of “correlation between man and nature” and “balance of Yin and Yang” and characterized by “integrated concept” and “syndrome identification & treatment determination”, adjusts and activates the self-recuperating ability to rectify its differentiation from normality of human body to meet the goal of preventing and treating diseases mainly by means of traditional Chinese medicinal herbs, acupuncture and moxibustion, etc. The idea of “Human should be in harmony with Nature including bacterium, virus, etc., but not to exterminate microbe in a large scale”, held and promoted by TCM gives, rise to a delicate physiological equilibrium kept between man and microbe and this is just the development trend of medical science in future. For thousands years, TCM has made indelible contribution to the reproduction and prosperity of the Chinese nation, and under the countless attacks of pestilence has never made its people’s death in millions, not such as once occurred in Europe. TCM is also characterized by its “simple, convenient, cheap and effective”method of treatment” and is especially good at preventing and treating chronic diseases, complicate multi-system diseases and new-type virus diseases. Therefore, only when the sanitation and healthcare system is established can the health of 13 billion people in China and the problem of shortage of doctor and medicine for 900 million rural population and large number of poverty-stricken urban population be solved. It is strongly suggested that five promotion projects, namely: TCM policy and statute guarantee, TCM qualified personnel cultivation, TCM scientific research, development of TCM in rural areas and TCM administrative system reform should be carried out in real earnest to make TCM develop in a sustainable way.

Key Technical Issues of TGP Permanent Shiplock

To solve the high dam navigation issue of a world class project is one of the key technical issues that bring many difficulties upon the Three Gorges Project (TGP). Special requirements exist in the TGP double lane five step shiplock in terms of a general layout of navigation structures, a sedimentation hindrance to navigation, hydraulics of the water conveyance system, treatment of high and steep slopes, the manufacture and technology of both main metal structures and mechanical and electric equipment, all of which have been resolved step by step by means of scientific tests, verification and engineering practice.

The Principle of Interaction between Plastic Volumetric and Shear Strains for Unsaturated Soils

The principle of interaction between plastic volumetric and shear strains for rock and soil has been extended to the field of unsaturated soils.Two new interactions of suction-plastic volumetric strain and pore air pressure-plastic volumetric strain appear in the unsaturated state of a soil except the interaction between plastic volumetric and shear strains.It is very important to find that the suction possesses a dual property,which is the origin of generating its special functions.Thereby the effect of the suction on volumetric strain includes two opposite aspects.By means of this property of suction,the physical significance of effective stress parameter,effects of suction on volume change and preconsolidation pressure,and the mechanism of collapse upon wetting all can be explained.In addition,it is theoretically proved by application of this principle of interaction that the critical state line for unsaturated soils exists,and is unique and independent of the stress history.

The Features of the Ecological Environment and Protective Solutions along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway

This article describes the unique features of ecological environment along the Qinghai-Tibet Railway to improve the awareness of the designers and constructors to the ecological environment and to take appropriate protective solutions during the design and construction.

System Stability and Instability: A Extended Discussion on Significance and Function of Stirring Energy Conservation Law

A discussion on significance and function of stirring energy conservation is made further. It is considered that the stirring energy conservation law is an important principle and method for analyses of stability and evolution of systems. It can be applied as both explanations of system stability and method of evolutionary analyses of a system. At the same time, some fundamental problems in the Newtonian system are pointed out.

Analysis of the Cut-thickness in the Process of Gear Shaping

For helping find out the cause of the extrusion wound of gear and the abnormal abrasion wear in the process of gear shaping, this disquisition studies the varying law of the cut-thickness of chips in gear shaping and deduces a set of formulas for it.