RETRACTION NOTE

Retraction Note:Assessment and Comparative Analysis of Individual Temperament and Somatotype in Young Athletes According to Iranian Traditional Medicine and Heath-Carter Method Mahdi Qanavati Published online:08 January 2021 Retraction Note to:Food Therapy and Health Care,2021;3(1):16-23.https://doi.org/10.12032/FTHC20210204 The Editors-in-Chief have retracted this article because it was previously published by Mahdi Qanavati in Traditional Medicine(Published:November 27,2020).

Research on the Application of Diversified Teaching in Gynecological Clinical Teaching

At present,the main body of clinical teaching in obstetrics and gynecology is still the traditional clinical teaching method,in which clinical teachers are the main body,and interns are the passive.It is not conducive to giving full play to interns'learning enthusiasm and ability to actively solve problems if lack of stimulating the clinical thinking and cultivating the ability to raise questions.In the face of the problems and deficiencies in gynecological clinical teaching in the new era,our team tries to adopt diversified teaching methods,such as medical record teaching method,multimedia teaching method,main-role teaching method,problem-based learning teaching method and so on,so as to improve students'ability of autonomous learning and problem-solving,as well as students'ability of innovation and cooperation.Therefore,clinical teaching teachers and teaching managers should keep pace with the times to carry out diversified teaching mode reform in gynecological clinical teaching.

Prediction of syphilis incident rate and number in China based on the GM(1,1)grey model

Objective:To explore the feasibility of using grey model GM(1,1)model to predict syphilis,and to provide a theoretical basis for the health sector to develop corresponding strategies.Methods:GM(1,1)model was used to construct and simulate the incident rate and case number of syphilis in China from 2009 to 2018 to predict the change trend.Results:The GM(1,1)prediction model of syphilis incident rate was x^(1)(k+1)=929.367901 e(0.029413k)-906.297901.The GM(1,1)prediction model for the number of syphilis patients was x^(1)(k+1)=1060.278025 e(0.034280k)-1029.639925.For syphilis incidence model,the posterior difference ratio was 0.19819 and the probability of small error was 1.For the syphilis incident number model,the posterior difference ratio was 0.18450 and the probability of small error was 1.The above models have good fitting accuracy with excellent grade level and can be predicted by extrapolation and predicted that the syphilis incidence in 2019-2021 may be 36.15 per 100,000,37.23 per 100,000 and 38.34 per 100,000,respectively.From 2019 to 2021,the number of incident syphilis cases in China may be 503,406,520,962 and 539,130,respectively.Conclusion:The GM(1,1)model can well fit and predict the change trend of syphilis incidence in time series.The prediction model showed that the incidence of syphilis may continue to increase and the number of syphilis cases per year may continue to increase substantially.More effort is needed to strengthen the prevention and treatment of venereal disease,reduce venereal harm to the population and improve the early detection rate of syphilis.

Progress of Bai He Di Huang decoction on intestinal flora of mouse with depression

Depression is a recurrent,common,and potentially life-threatening psychiatric disease.Intestinal flora is a large number of microbial communities that are parasitic in the human digestive tract.Current evidence suggests that the occurrence of depression may be related to intestinal flora.Long time ago,Bai He Di Huang decoction was used to treat the depression.Recently,researchers found that Bai He Di Huang decoction could affect the the intestinal flora of patients with depression.This review focuses on the clinical progress of Bai He Di Huang decoction in the treatment of depression,and explores the effect and mechanism of Bai He Di Huang decoction on the intestinal flora of depressive mouse.

Potential clinical relevance of L-Carnitine supplementation in oncology

Background L-Carnitine(LC)is an endogenous molecule which is biosynthesized from L-lysine and L-methionine and involved in fatty acid metabolism.LC can be found in foods,but it is especially abundant in beef,lamb,fish,poultry and milk.LC transports the chains of fatty acids into the mitochondrial matrix,thus allowing the cells to break down fat and get energy from the stored fat reserves[1].Carnitine is a conditionally essential nutrient.It is a vital factor for energy production and fatty acid metabolism.Carnitine deficiencies can be associated with genetic mutations of carnitine transporters or chronic diseases(liver and kidney disease).Aberrations of carnitine regulation with subsequent carnitine deficiency is associated with diabetes mellitus,sepsis,cardiomyopathy,protein-energy malnutrition,cirrhosis,various endocrine disorders and with aging.It has been found that nutritional supplementation of LC might be helpful for uremic patients,as a complementary therapy for neuropathic pain,or in diabetic patients.Still,it is a life-saving therapy in primary carnitine deficiency.LC supplementation(LCS)is also investigated in Alzheimer's disease and hepatic encephalopathy.It has been observed that topical application of LC in dry eye syndrome is osmoprotective and it also modulates immune and inflammatory responses.There is some evidence in the available scientific literature supporting that LCS may be beneficial in cardiovascular diseases and obesity.There is also some evidence showing the association improved glucose intolerance and total energy expenditure[2].

Mining potential adverse drug reactions of Houttuynia cordata Thunb from "real world" cases

Objective: Search the "real world" case reports of Houttuynia cordata Thunb (HCT)-associated adverse drug reactions (ADRs) to systematically mine potential ADRs of HCT and further investigate whether HCT contained preparations could cause aristolochic acid nephropathy or cancer. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, and CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, Sinomed databases were searched from databases setup to 1st January 2019. All case reports using HCT contained preparations were pooled according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. 15 items in case reportes including basic informations of studies/patients, characters/treaments of ADRs were extracted and analyzed. Results: A total of 346 case reports (441 patients) on the use of different preparations of HCT were finally pooled, among which 89 articles (117 patients) just presented efficacy reports without ADRs and 257 articles (324 patients) on the HCT-related ADRs were further analyzed.① HCT in vivo injections were recorded in 265 articles (338 patients) including 249 ADR reports (315 patients) and 16 efficacy reports (23 patients). As for the ADRs reports, allergic reaction was the major ADRs with different symptoms and onset time. The worst consequences were anaphylactic shock (116/315) and death (11/315), followed by dyspnea (228/315), change of complexion (181/315), heart of abnormality (180/315), chest tightness (147/315), cyanosis (142/315) and so on. The fast onset time was 10 seconds and the most ADRs happened in 30 minutes. Dexamethasone was the mainly medication to treat ADRs.② Oral HCT agents were descripted in 75 articles (94 patients) including 8 ADR reports (9 patients) and 67 efficacy reports (85 patients). Among the 8 ADR reports, 8 patients used Chinese patent medications contained HCT and only 1 patient used HCT decoction. The ADRs almost manifested as skin symptoms, including rubella, macula, rash and urticaria.③ HCT external preparations reported in 6 articles (9 patients), none of those presented any ADRs symptoms.④ No case was found to develop cancer, aristolochic acid nephropathy, interstitial nephritis, renal interstitial fibrosis or renal failure due to HCT preparations. Conclusion: The HCT-related ADRs were mostly caused by its processed preparations, including HCT injections and patent preparation. The oral HCT agents as docoction rearly caused ADRs. There were no reports of aristolochic acid nephropathy or cancer cases caused by HCT.

Assessing diabetic patients at risk of developing foot ulcers in Freetown, Sierra Leone

Introduction:Diabetes Mellitus is a global health issue,though current prevalence data is lacking Sierra Leone has an increasing number of diagnosed and undiagnosed diabetes.Lack of education and self-care,poor adoption of healthy lifestyle may be the main factors leading to an increased risk of diabetic foot ulcers.Objectives:To identify patients with diabetes at risk of developing foot ulcers,diabetic neuropathy,peripheral artery disease and to investigate the association between independent risk factors involved in development of foot ulcers and other clinically related factors.Methods:Study was done at two sites,Connaught hospital and a clinic in Freetown.A standardized questionnaire was administered for risk assessment of diabetic ulcers.A total of 231 participants(Ages 45-75 years)were recruited via systematic random sampling.Descriptive statistics was used to analyze data using SPSS.Results:Majority of participants(64.5%)were diagnosed with diabetes within 1-5 years,5.5%and 13.4%had eye and kidney disease respectively.Protective sensation evaluation revealed that 38.5%had loss of protective sensation and 19%had suspected peripheral arterial disease with absent pulse at the posterior tibial artery and dorsalis pedis.Age,occupation,years since diagnosis and type of diabetes was significantly associated with high risk of developing diabetic foot ulcers with a P value<0.005.Risk Categorization of participants revealed 76%at low risk while those at moderate,high and highest risks were 20%,17%and 3.5%respectively.Individuals with prior kidney disease,eye problems and previous history of amputation had greater loss of protective sensation,absent pulse,and tingling sensation at extremities.Conclusion:There’s great need for health care workers to become diabetes educators to offer proper services like diabetes foot examination to prevent diabetes ulcers which leads to amputation.Detecting diabetic patients at risk for diabetic foot ulcers will go a long way to prevent future amputations and other associated complications.

Remedial Use of Gastronomic Products: Case Study of Manavgat

In the treatment of diseases or illnesses,modern medicine is used as well as traditional medicine practices.Medicinal plants are commonly used in traditional medicine.For this reason,it is seen in the literature that this subject is generally studied from pharmacology or ethnobotanical perspective.However,in-home practices,it is seen that gastronomic products are also used for healing purposes,along with medicinal and aromatic plants.This research is conducted in order to identify the remedial use of food/beverages and to evaluate them within the scope of social representation theory.The qualitative research method was preferred as the best way to observe social representations and semi-structured interviews were conducted with 20 people.As a result of the interviews,it was determined that 107 different practices were applied in the treatment of 35 diseases.These practices have been evaluated in the context of social representations,and it was concluded that scientific knowledge and common-sense.

Methods of preparation of egg and therapeutic uses:a review perspective of Persian Medicine

Background:The nutrients in eggs play an important role in the health of different body organs like the brain,cardiometabolic system,musculoskeletal system,skin and eyes and so the eggs can be considered as functional foods.In order to maintain the highest nutrient content of an egg,it is recommended to cook it properly,but no specific clinical research has been carried out yet on the role that the cooking of an egg plays in its food and health properties.For this reason,this study has collected and discussed the topics related to a variety of methods of cooking eggs,based on the texts of Persian Medicine,and conducted a comparison with modern sources of nutrition.Methods:The present study is a review in which sources of Persian Medicine(PM)were searched in software JamiTib(Version 1.5)and Persian electronic banks,sites of PubMed,Google Scholar,ScienceDirect,and Embase and websites of health reference of American food and water.Finally,the results obtained were classified and a content analysis was carried out.Results:In the PM books,in addition to referring to the different properties of eggs,different effects of different egg preparation have been investigated.The wise men of the school of medicine have proposed at least five methods of egg preparation,including very soft boiled,soft-boiled,hardboiled,fried,and omelet.In the texts,the healing properties of each case and the quality of digestion in the body were separately investigated.Among the five main methods of preparation eggs,the therapeutic and digestive effects of soft-boiled eggs are emphasized to a greater extent,because easy digestion leads to more beneficial effects of the yolk of the eggs.Conclusion:Though the wise men of Persian Medicine have proposed a variety of methods to cook eggs,ease of digestion is one of the most important factors in their decision-making while proposing the type of cooking method for therapeutic prescriptions.In contrast,in modern nutrition research,regardless of the method of cooking eggs,the effect of its use on diseases like heart disease or diabetes has been studied.Owing to the fact that many cases of eggs,as mentioned,have been confirmed in PM texts during modern scientific surveys,it appears that clinical studies on the relevant issues of eggs in this context are useful in better understanding therapeutic effects.

Research on hypertension in hohhot of mongolian: analysis of 9675 cases survey data

Objective: Through investigating the daily habits of hypertensive and non-hypertensive Mongolian in Hohhot to explore the effect of daily habits on hypertension and further provide basis for future policy making. Methods: Two community health service centers were identified in each of the four districts of Hohhot City using a stratified cluster random sampling method and a multi-stage stratified sampling method. Results: By January 2019, a total of 9,800 people was investigated, and 9675 people with complete data. The effective rate of the questionnaire was 98.7%. The standardized prevalence of hypertension was 21.8% in Mongolia. The prevalence rate of hypertension in Mongolia was statistically significant among the different genders, ages, presence or absence of obesity, different diet types, whether smoking or drinking, or having tea, and aerobic exercise.(P < 0.05 for all). Multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis showed that males were risk factors for hypertension;female, non-obese, non-hobby meat, no smoking, hobby tea, no alcohol and aerobic exercise were protective factors. Obesity, hobbies, meat, smoking, drinking are important risk factors for hypertension in Mongolian population in Hohhot. Conclusion: It is preliminarily clarified that the risk factors related to hypertension are mainly related to their own health-related behaviors and genetic factors, suggesting the necessity of healthy physical examination, maintaining blood pressure stability, controlling body mass, and moderate exercise.

Research progress on pathogenesis and related pathways of Cancer cachexia

Cancer cachexia is a complex syndrome of metabolic changes caused by many factors in tumor patients,which characterized by emaciation,weight loss,muscle atrophy,anemia and hypoproteinemia,it's seriously affects the quality of life,cycle and therapeutic effect of patients.At present,there is no curative effect in the treatment of cancer cachexia,because the pathogenesis is still unclear.So it is particularly important to study the pathogenesis,mechanism and related pathway of cancer cachexia.In this paper,the definition,stage and diagnosis of cachexia,traditional Chinese medicine theoretical research,related anorexia mechanism,protein decomposition mechanism,fat decomposition mechanism,sugar metabolism mechanism,inflammatory factor mechanism and other aspects were analyzed and summarized to provide theoretical basis for the study of cachexia pathogenesis and clinical application selection.

Reporting and methodological quality of systematic reviews or meta-analyses in nasogastric and nasojejunal enteral nutrition for severe acute pancreatitis

Objective:To evaluate the methodological and reporting quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses(SRs/MAs)in the nasogastric and nasojejunal enteral nutrition for severe acute pancreatitis(SAP).Methods:The SRs/MAs of nasogastric and nasojejunal enteral nutrition for SAP published in the journal before July.1st 2018 were identified by searching the databases of OVID,Cochrane Library,Wiley,PubMed,CNKI,Wanfang Data and VIP.The methodological and reporting quality of included studies was respectively assessed by AMSTAR 2 scale and PRISMA statement.Results:A total of 6 articles included at last.(1)Several issues of methodological quality in 6 studies were reviewed,such as:no prior design,comprehensive searching strategy,assessment of publication bias,the reason for incorporating the type of research design,or the statement of conflict of interest.(2)The average PRISMA score is 18.83±1.97(17-22).Results on the quality of reporting evaluation showed that 5 SRs/MAs were rated as moderate and 1 as high.What’s more,we assessed the quality of indicators of the result by GRADE,but the grade was low.Conclusion:The quality of the involved studies published at home and abroad is uneven,so it is necessary to seek for further improvement of methodology and standardization of reporting to provide high-quality support for evidenced-based decision.

Research Progress on the Immunomodulatory Effect of Trace Element Selenium and Its Effect on Immune-Related Diseases

Selenium,one of the essential trace elements in the body,has a variety of biological functions including antioxidant activity,immunity enhancement and anti-tumor effect,and has the potential to be further developed into new drugs.In this paper,the research progress on the immunomodulatory effect of selenium and its mechanism and the effects of immune-related diseases in recent years were reviewed,and its future research and application were prospected.It is hoped to provide reference for further exploring the immune regulation effect and application of selenium.

Association of alcohol consumption with colorectal cancer risk: a dose-response meta-analysis

Background:Currently,there are many meta-analyses on the correlation between alcohol conception and the risk of colorectal cancer,but the findings are inconsistent.We conducted a dose-response meta-analysis to investigate the association between alcohol intake and the risk of colorectal cancer.Methods:A literature search was performed on PubMed and EMBASE databases to identify relevant articles published before December 09,2019.Summarized relative risks(RRs)and 95%confidence intervals(CIs)were calculated using a fixed or random-effects model for the dose-response meta-analysis.The Cochran Q and I2 statistics were used to assess statistical heterogeneity among studies.Results:Five cohort and 19 case-control studies were included in the meta-analysis.An increased intake of 15-39.9g of daily alcohol was related to a 21%growth risk of CRC(RR=1.21,95%CI:1.05-1.38).Our dose-response analysis indicated that for drinkers of light,moderate and heavy level of alcohol drinking,the estimated RRs of CRC were 0.94(95%CI:0.69-1.27),1.08(95%CI:0.93-1.26)and 1.90(95%CI:1.29-2.97)respectively and for drinkers of moderate beer,heavy beer,moderate wine and heavy wine intake,the estimated RRs of CRC were 0.98(95%CI:0.72-1.34),1.48(95%CI:1.05-2.07),0.86(95%CI:0.56-1.34)and 1.04(95%CI:0.83-1.29)respectively.The risks with no significant association were consistent in the subgroup analyses of general alcohol consumption status and frequency.Conclusions:Heavy level of alcohol consumption,especially heavy beer intake seems to be associated with an increased the risk of CRC.

Vitamin A supplement: a key strategy to prevent vitamin A deficiency among young children in Afghanistan

Background:Vitamin A deficiency is the main problem of public health worldwide demonstrated that 190 million population of preschool children and 122 countries(in Africa and South-East Asia)have vitamin A deficiency,according to recent estimated research.In Afghanistan,vitamin A supplementation is a key strategy to prevent vitamin A deficiency among young children.Children receive vitamin A supplements as part of National Immunization Days(NID)campaigns.Methods:In this case study,the data was collected from June 15/2015 to February 23/2016,and the final report of the Afghanistan Demographic Health Survey(AfDHS)2015 was released on February 15/2017.All 27,209 children aged 6-59 months who are living with their mothers were included in this study.Who consumed foods rich in vitamin A was not included in this study.Results:The percentages who were given vitamin A supplements in the last 6 months among all children 6-59 months aged.A total of 1,572 children aged among 6-8 months were given vitamin A supplements 670(42.6%)children and comparison with the total community of the study(27,209)children(2.46%).A total of 1,148 children aged among 9-11 months were given vitamin A supplements to 465(40.5%)children and comparison with the total community of the study(27,209)children(1.70%).Conclusion:After following up on more studies,we found that vitamin A deficiency is a public problem,thus it is better to use wheat flour fortification,vitamin A capsule(VAC)supplementation,nutrition education,source of vitamin A,and training of primary healthcare workers on the clinical to prevent and treat the vitamin A deficiency among children.Therefore,we aimed to determine the given vitamin A supplementation among children aged 6-59 months in 33 provinces in Afghanistan,in 2015.

Assessment and Comparative Analysis of Individual Temperament and Somatotype in Young Athletes According to Iranian Traditional Medicine and Heath-Carter Method

Objectives:This study examined the hypothesis that whether any significant differences exist or not in individual temperament and somatotype components in young athletes.Methods:The cross-sectional study was carried out with 202 male athletes(age=23 years±2.7,mean±SE).They were categorized into four groups according to their temperaments by using a questionnaire.Also,the Heath-Carter method was applied to estimate the somatotype components.One-Way ANOVA followed by Scheffe’s tests was organized(p<0.05)for data analysis.Results:In this research,the highest mesomorphy,ectomorphy and endomorphy components were observed in the Blood,Yellow Bile and Phlegm temperaments,respectively with means of 6.1±0.28,3.9±0.11,and 5.9±0.32.Also,a significant difference was observed between Blood temperament and mesomorphy component(p<0.001)but Blood temperament had insignificant differences with other studied somatotype components(p>0.05).Ectomorphy and mesomorphy components significantly differ among Yellow Bile temperament(p<0.05),while an insignificant difference was found between Yellow Bile temperament and endomorphy component(p>0.05).Significant differences also were showed between Black Bile temperament and all somatotype components(p<0.05).Among Phlegm temperament and endomorphy component was a significant difference(p<0.001),but there were no significant differences between the Phlegm temperament and the other two somatotype components(p>0.05).Conclusions:Given the importance of body type in sports performance,current findings suggest that coaches should be aware of the individual temperaments which could serve as a guide to design special training schedules for athletes.

E ating today

In occasion of FAO World Food Day,recurring each year on october 16th since 1945,we will deal with food,nutrition,diet,mediterrenean diet,GIFT diet,and traditional chinese medicine models.It will also be interesting to talk about concepts like right to food,and sustainable diets.It is essential to get and have more and more awareness in food field,since metabolic diseases are preventable with an healthy lifestyle;mediterrenean diet is a fundamental pillar,but such dysfunctions seem to grow in a society in which every problem is solved eating for all our daily stresses;nervous eating particularly in difficult time seems to grow as well,and obesity hits 10-15%of people during last 20 years.To have a less negative impact and to recover healthy lifestyles,we have to know more about food,nutrition,eating.We should encourage also practice of physical activity(at least 30 minutes per day-10.000 steps e.g.),and:stress management with mindfulness activities,a valid quality of affective life;parallely we should reduce screen time and increase contact with nature.

Castleman disease in the neck with hypothyroidism and metabolic syndrome: a case report

Castleman disease(CD)is a rare nonclonal lymph proliferative disorder of unknown etiology.Here,we report a case of multicentric Castleman disease(MCD)with hypothyroidism and metabolic syndrome presenting as a pain and slowly expanding,isolated neck mass in a 47-year-old Asian woman.It contributes to the practical aspects of diagnosis and treatment of Castleman disease in the neck.

Correlation of testicular reproductive tumor related genes in semen of patients with testicular microlithiasis

Objective:To investigate the expression of testicular tumor-related genes in the semen of patients with microlithiasis,as well as the semen concentration in patients with microlithiasis.Methods:Retrospective analysis of 2018/6-2019/6 male in our hospital clinic examination of patients with testicular color to exceed,semen specimen were collected,30 patients with testicular micro stone disease group of 15 cases,control group in 15 cases,the process of semen automatic analyzer to detect sperm concentration,by rt-pcr and Western Blot respectively detect testicular cancer related gene(KITLG KIT ligand(gene),SPRY4(sprouty RTK signaling 4)antagonist)mRNA and protein expression.Results:The semen concentration(17.31±0.92)×10-6/ml in the microstone group was lower than that in the control group(29.26±1.57)×10-6/ml.The mRNA expression of semen(KITLG,SPRY4)in the microstone group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant.The protein expression of semen(KITLG,SPRY4)in the microstone group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant.Conclusion:The semen concentration of testicular microlithiasis decreased,but the expression of seminal testicular tumor genes(KITLG,SPRY4)increased.

Hyperimmune Egg Yolk Antibodies (IgY): A Review

A hyperimmune egg is an egg from a hen that has been immunise against a specific infectious disease.Antibodies against various illnesses are developed by the hen and these antibodies are transferred to the eggs of the hen.Such egg yolks with antibodies are extracted to be used as medication.It can be used both animal and human health practices.Though there is no clear scientific evidence to support their use in human medicine,Hyperimmune eggs are said to be useful in case of digestive system infections such as cystic fibrosis and its later stage ulcers caused by Helicobacter pylori,they are also used to confer immunity against rota viruses causing diarrhoea and other diseases related to it in animals.All these actions are achieved by the fact that they stimulate theimmune system passively to fight against the diseases.