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《Journal of Renewable Materials》

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Journal of Renewable Materials (JRM) is an interdisciplinary journal publishing original research co...查看详情>>
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Preparation and Performance of Pueraria lobata Root Powder/Polylactic Acid Composite Films
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作者 Shuang Zhao Shenglan Chen +6 位作者 Shuan Ren Gang Li Ke Song Jie Guo Shima Liu Jian He Xianwu Zhou 《Journal of Renewable Materials》 SCIE EI 2023年第6期2531-2553,共23页
Petroleum-based materials,such as plastic,are characterized by adverse environmental pollution;as a result,researchers have sought alternative degradable plastics that are environmentally friendly,such as polylactic a... Petroleum-based materials,such as plastic,are characterized by adverse environmental pollution;as a result,researchers have sought alternative degradable plastics that are environmentally friendly,such as polylactic acid(PLA).PLA has shown great potential to replace petroleum-based plastics.In this study,seven different samples of unmodified Pueraria lobata root powder(PRP)with different contents(i.e.,0,5,10,15,20,25,and 30 wt%)and three different modified PRPs(i.e.,treated with NaOH,NaOH-KH-550,and Formic)were used to reinforce polylactic acid(PLA)via solution casting process.These prepared PRP/PLA composite films were characterized using SEM,FTIR,UV-visible spectra analysis,TG,DSC,weight loss measurement(wt%),and mechanical measurements.The results showed that the PRP modified with KH-550(PRPK)intensified the interaction in the interface region between the PRP and the PLA matrix,thus increasing the tensile strength(54.5 MPa),elongation at break(2.8%),and Young’s modulus(3310 MPa)of the PRPK/PLA biofilms.Contact angle measurement showed that the PRP treatments contributed to the hydrophobicity of films.The transparency of PRP-10/PLA film atλ_(800)was 11.09%,and its UVA and UVB transmittance were 3.28 and 1.16,respectively.After blending PLA with PRP,the PRP/PLA composite films exhibited excellent biodegradability.In summary,PRPK improved the mechanical properties of PLA and prevented the films from ultraviolet light,suggesting that PRPK-5/PLA film could be used as packaging materials. 展开更多
关键词 Pueraria lobata root powder polylactic acid biocomposite films PROPERTIES
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Cutting Experiment of Fraxinus mandshurica UsingWaterjet-Assisted CO_(2)Laser
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作者 Yueqiang Yu Minzheng Jiang +6 位作者 Sheng Gao Ting Jiang Bakary S.Doumbia Bo Yan Tingang Ma Kexin Ren Yinsong Liu 《Journal of Renewable Materials》 EI 2023年第9期3583-3593,共11页
High-quality wood products and valuable wood crafts receive everyone’s favor with the rapid development of the economy.In order to improve the cutting surface quality of wood forming parts,the cutting experiment of r... High-quality wood products and valuable wood crafts receive everyone’s favor with the rapid development of the economy.In order to improve the cutting surface quality of wood forming parts,the cutting experiment of renewable Fraxinus mandshurica was conducted by waterjet-assisted CO_(2)laser(WACL)technology.A quadratic mathematical model for describing the relationship between surface roughness changes and cutting parameters was established.The effects of cutting speed,flow pressure and laser power on the kerf surface roughness of Fraxinus mandshurica when cutting transversally were discussed by response surface method.The experimental results showed that kerf surface roughness decreased under a lower laser power,higher cutting speed and higher flow pressure.When the cutting speed was 30 mm/s,flow pressure was 1.58 MPa and laser power was 45 W,the actual surface roughness of the optimized Fraxinus mandshurica was 2.41μm,and it was in accord with the theoretically predicted surface roughness value of 2.54μm,so the model fitted the actual situation well.Through the analysis of 3D profile morphology and micromorphology,it was concluded that the optimized kerf surface of Fraxinus mandshurica was smoother,the cell wall was not destroyed and the tracheid was clear.It provides the theoretical basis for wood micromachining. 展开更多
关键词 Green processing waterjet-assisted CO_(2)laser machining transverse cutting response surface method surface roughness
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Flexible Biofoams Based on Furanics and Fatty Acids Esterified Tannin
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作者 Elham Azadeh Ummi Hani Abdullah +3 位作者 Christine Gerardin Antonio Pizzi Philippe Gerardin Cesar Segovia 《Journal of Renewable Materials》 EI 2023年第10期3625-3645,共21页
Water repellant,flexible biofoams using tannin esterified with various fatty acid chains,namely lauric,palmitic and oleic acids,by reaction with lauryl chloride,palmitoyl chloride,and oleyl chloride were developed and... Water repellant,flexible biofoams using tannin esterified with various fatty acid chains,namely lauric,palmitic and oleic acids,by reaction with lauryl chloride,palmitoyl chloride,and oleyl chloride were developed and their characteristics compared with the equivalently esterified rigid biofoams.Glycerol,while initially added to control the reaction temperature,was used as a plasticizer yielding flexible biofoams presenting the same water repellant character that the equivalent rigid foams.Acetaldehyde was used as the cross-linking agent instead of formaldehyde,as it showed a better performance with the esterified tannin.The compression results showed a significant decrease of the Modulus of Elasticity(MOE)of the flexible foams in relation to that of the rigid foams,confirming their flexible character.The lauryl-and palmitoyl-esterified biofoams presented similar mechanical properties,while the oleyl-esterified biofoam presented different mechanical and morphological result not really showing the expected flexibility.Both the esterified rigid and flexible tannin-based biofoams showed good water resistance and their sessile drop contact angle analysis as a function of time confirmed this characteristic.Scanning Electron Microscope(SEM)analysis showed the flexible foams to present a higher proportion of closed cells than the rigid foams.Conversely,the cells depth of the flexible foams was lower than that of the rigid foam.As regards their thermal resistance,the flexible foams showed a slight loss of mass compared to the rigid ones without glycerol.Both types of foams presented much lower surface friability of non-esterified rigid foams. 展开更多
关键词 Flexible tannin-furanic foams esterified tannins water repellence TGA SEM compression
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High-Temperature Deformation and Low-Temperature Fracture Behavior of Steel Slag Rubber Asphalt Mixture Surface Layer 被引量:1
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作者 Zhiqiang Shu Jianmin Wu +2 位作者 Shi Chen Shan Yi haoqing Li 《Journal of Renewable Materials》 SCIE EI 2022年第2期453-467,共15页
Steel slag is regarded as one of the most widespread solid by-products of steel smelting with little commercial value.It can play a vital role in the construction industry especially in the field of transportation inf... Steel slag is regarded as one of the most widespread solid by-products of steel smelting with little commercial value.It can play a vital role in the construction industry especially in the field of transportation infrastructure construction.However,there are few evaluation systems established on the high-temperature deformation and low-temperature fracture behavior of steel slag rubber asphalt mixture(SSRAM).This study explores the perfor-mance of SSRAM by uniaxial penetration test,Semi-Circular Bending(SCB)test and evaluates test data through regression analysis.The uniaxial penetration test results shows that the failure deformation of SSRAM increases with the increase of steel slag content.According to the minimum allowable permanent deformation(R TS-min),the deformation of SSRAM should be controlled within 3 mm.Meanwhile,the cracking index of the SSRAM surface layer calculated at low temperature can meet the design requirements.The SCB test results show that the stress peak degradation rate(specimens with 10 mm notch are compared with 0 mm)of SSRAM with 40%steel slag content is 20.04%.That means proper steel slag content makes the stress peak degradation rate of SSRAM reaches the lowest value.The calculation results of fracture energy density(J_(1C))show that the steel slag additive reduced the fracture energy density of SSRAM.However,it is still proved that SSRAM with 40%steel slag has the best low-temperature fracture performance based on critical fracture toughness(K_(1C))and fracture stress peak.Further-more,the crack propagation velocity parametric equation of SSRAM is proposed through fracture mechanics theory and the increase of velocity is exponential.Considering the high-temperature deformation resistance and low-temperature fracture property,the SSRAM surface layer with 40%steel slag content showed a batter application potential. 展开更多
关键词 Steel slag asphalt mixture uniaxial penetration test SCB test deformation resistance crack propagation velocity
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Acoustic Emission Characteristics of Different Bamboo and Wood Materials in Bending Failure Process 被引量:5
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作者 Ting Wang Zhiqiang Wang +1 位作者 Yin Yang Jianhui Zhou 《Journal of Renewable Materials》 SCIE EI 2022年第2期527-540,共14页
The acoustic emission(AE)technique can perform non-destructive monitoring of the internal damage development of bamboo and wood materials.In this experiment,the mechanical properties of different bamboo and wood(bambo... The acoustic emission(AE)technique can perform non-destructive monitoring of the internal damage development of bamboo and wood materials.In this experiment,the mechanical properties of different bamboo and wood(bamboo scrimber,bamboo plywood and SPF(Spruce-pine-fir)dimension lumber)during four-point loading tests were compared.The AE activities caused by loadings were investigated through the single parameter analysis and K-means cluster analysis.Results showed that the bending strength of bamboo scrimber was 3.6 times that of bam-boo plywood and 2.7 times that of SPF dimension lumber,respectively.Due to the high strength and toughness of bamboo,the AE signals of the two bamboo products were more abundant than those of SPF dimension lumber.However,the AE evolution trend of the three materials was similar,which all experienced three stages,including gentle period,steady period and steep period,and the area of rupture precursor characteristics could be recognized before the specimen destroyed.Due to the bottom layer was first tensile failure,the main structure of bamboo plywood was destroyed after the stress redistribution.The rupture precursor characteristics could be observed before each peak.Findings put in evidence a good correlation between AE clusters of two bamboo products,while the amplitude and energy of wood signals were lower than those of bamboo.The amplitude and energy from the propagation and aggregation of cracks were greater than those related to micro-cracks initiation. 展开更多
关键词 Acoustic emission bamboo scrimber bamboo plywood rupture precursor characteristics K-means cluster analysis
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Glycolysis Recycling of Waste Polyurethane Rigid Foam Using Different Catalysts 被引量:3
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作者 Xiaohua Gu Hongxiang Luo +1 位作者 Shiwei Lv Peng Chen 《Journal of Renewable Materials》 SCIE EI 2021年第7期1253-1266,共14页
Dramatically increasing waste polyurethane rigid foam(WPRF)draws the attention of the world.A mixture of ethylene glycol(EG)and diethylene glycol(DEG)is used as glycolysis agents.WPRF was subjected to alcoholysis usin... Dramatically increasing waste polyurethane rigid foam(WPRF)draws the attention of the world.A mixture of ethylene glycol(EG)and diethylene glycol(DEG)is used as glycolysis agents.WPRF was subjected to alcoholysis using different catalysts which are titanium ethylene glycol and potassium hydroxide to obtain recycled polyol,respectively.The effect of a different catalyst on the viscosity and hydroxyl value of recycled polyol is discussed.The regenerated polyurethane(RPU)is performed using the recycled polyol.Infrared spectrum,compressive strength,apparent density,water absorption,scanning electron microscope,and thermogravimetric analysis are carried out to investigate the effect of WPRF degradation using different catalysts.The results show that titanium glycol is more efficient than potassium hydroxide in almost all conditions.The viscosity of the recycled polyol is relatively low,and the hydroxyl value meets the requirements of industrial use.When the titanium glycol titanium addition amount is 0.05%,the prepared RPU has a compressive strength of 0.24 MPa,an apparent density of 41.75 kg/m^(3),and a good foam structure.Besides,the water absorption rate of the RPU under the two catalytic systems is not much different,and the thermal stability is good.The recycled polyol can generally partially replace traditional polyols to prepare polyurethane rigid foams with good comprehensive properties. 展开更多
关键词 Waste polyurethane RECYCLING GLYCOLYSIS CATALYST
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Isolation of Thermally Stable Cellulose Nanocrystals from Spent Coffee Grounds via Phosphoric Acid Hydrolysis 被引量:1
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作者 Brody A.Frost E.Johan Foster 《Journal of Renewable Materials》 SCIE EI 2020年第2期187-203,共17页
As the world's population exponentially grows,so does the need for the production of food,with cereal production growing annually from an estimated 1.0 billion to 2.5 billion tons within the last few decades.This ... As the world's population exponentially grows,so does the need for the production of food,with cereal production growing annually from an estimated 1.0 billion to 2.5 billion tons within the last few decades.This rapid growth in food production results in an ever increasing amount of agricultural wastes,of which already occupies nearly 50%of the total landfill area.For example,is the billions of dry tons of cellulose-containing spent coffee grounds disposed in landfills annually.This paper seeks to provide a method for isolating cellulose nanocrystals(CNCs)from spent coffee grounds,in order to recycle and utilize the cellulosic waste material which would otherwise have no applications.CNCs have already been shown to have vast applications in the polymer engineering field,mainly utilized for their high strength to weight ratio for reinforcement of polymer-based nanocomposites.A successful method of purifying and hydrolyzing the spent coffee grounds in order to isolate usable CNCs was established.The CNCs were then characterized using current techniques to determine important chemical and physical properties.A few crucial properties determined were aspect ratio of 12±3,crystallinity of 74.2%,surface charge density of(48.4±6.2)mM/kg cellulose,and the ability to successfully reinforce a polymer based nanocomposite.These characteristics compare well to other literature data and common commercial sources of CNCs. 展开更多
关键词 Cellulose nanocrystals phosphoric acid hydrolysis agricultural waste industrial waste spent coffee grounds polymeric nanocomposites renewable cellulosic materials
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Numerical Modelling of the Transient Hygroscopic Behavior of Flax-Epoxy Composite 被引量:1
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作者 Wajdi Zouari Mustapha Assarar +2 位作者 Abderrazak Chilali Rezak Ayad Hocine Kebir 《Journal of Renewable Materials》 SCIE 2019年第9期839-853,共15页
This contribution deals with the development of a three-node triangular plane finite element to analyze the transient hygroscopic behavior of 2/2 twill flax fabric-reinforced epoxy composite.Several plates of this mat... This contribution deals with the development of a three-node triangular plane finite element to analyze the transient hygroscopic behavior of 2/2 twill flax fabric-reinforced epoxy composite.Several plates of this material were fabricated using the vacuum infusion process and composite specimens were then cut and aged in tap water at room temperature until saturation.To simplify,a plane modelling of water diffusion in the aged specimens is adopted and Fick’s model is used to describe the water diffusion kinetics.To highlight the heterogeneity of the flax-epoxy samples,the twill flax fabrics waviness is modelled with a sinusoidal undulation.In particular,we show that the proposed finite element formulation allows estimating the flax fiber radial diffusion coefficient by an inverse approach. 展开更多
关键词 Flax-epoxy composite water ageing fick’s model finite element analysis
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Application of Modern Wood Product Glulam in Timber Frame With Tenon- Mortise Joints and Its Structural Behavior 被引量:2
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作者 Guofang Wu Yong Zhong +1 位作者 Yingchun Gong Haiqing Ren 《Journal of Renewable Materials》 SCIE 2019年第5期451-461,共11页
Tenon-mortise joint is widely used in traditional timber structures around the world.This paper summarizes the results of an experimental study of the structural behavior of tenon-mortise joints made with glulam and C... Tenon-mortise joint is widely used in traditional timber structures around the world.This paper summarizes the results of an experimental study of the structural behavior of tenon-mortise joints made with glulam and CNC technology instead of traditional material and manual work.30 full-scale tenonmortise joints were manufactured and tested under monotonic loading,and the effects of dimension,shape,processing error and adhesive were evaluated.It was found that the round rectangular shaped tenon-mortise joints were comparable with traditional joints in terms of structural performance,but were time and labor saving.The variability of the proposed tenon-mortise joints was lower,which would benefit the design value.Applying adhesive between tenon and mortise increased the average stiffness by 4.3 times and average moment capacity by 27.4%,respectively.The gaps between wood members had little effect on the capacity and stiffness in monotonic bending but may influence the energy dissipation ability in cyclic bending.This study showed the feasibility of combining the traditional joinery method with modern wood products and manufacturing technology,which may promote the application of tenon-mortise joints in modern timber structures. 展开更多
关键词 Tenon-mortise joint moment carrying capacity beam to column connection semi-rigid joint timber structure
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Effects of Processing Parameters on Mechanical Properties and Structure of Banana Fiber-Reinforced Composites
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作者 Dan-Thuy Van-Pham Minh Tri Nguyen +5 位作者 Chanh-Nghiem Nguyen Thi Truc Duyen Le Thi Yen Nhu Pham Khai Thinh Nguyen Yukihiro Nishikawa Qui Tran-Cong-Miyata 《Journal of Renewable Materials》 SCIE 2018年第6期662-670,共9页
The mechanical properties of unidirectional natural fiber-reinforced composites are generally affected by several processing parameters during compression molding.This study investigates the effects of processing temp... The mechanical properties of unidirectional natural fiber-reinforced composites are generally affected by several processing parameters during compression molding.This study investigates the effects of processing temperature,time,and pressure on the tensile and flexural properties of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene reinforced by banana fibers.X-ray CT imaging was employed to find the relationship between the mechanical properties and structure of the processed composite.Besides,the water absorption of composites was observed and the way in which the mechanical properties evolved after water absorption was analyzed.The tensile and flexural properties of the unidirectional banana fiber-reinforced composite were found to be inversely proportional to the porosity.In addition,high-pressure compression molding might result in cracks and floating fibers that would significantly reduce its mechanical properties.The composite with the highest strength,smallest porosity and lowest water absorption was optimally prepared at T=170℃,t=20 min,and P=100 kg cm^-2. 展开更多
关键词 Banana fiber COMPOSITE compression molding POROSITY X-ray CT
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Natural Rubber-Based Ionogels
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作者 TK.N.Tran A.Guyomard-Lack +6 位作者 C.Cerclier B.Humbert G.Colomines J-F.Pilard R.Deterre J.Le Bideau E.Leroy 《Journal of Renewable Materials》 SCIE 2018年第3期251-258,共8页
Natural rubber(NR),besides being an abundant renewable resource for the elastomer industry,can be a potential resource for the design of innovative biobased polymer networks.The present work is based on“telechelic”l... Natural rubber(NR),besides being an abundant renewable resource for the elastomer industry,can be a potential resource for the design of innovative biobased polymer networks.The present work is based on“telechelic”liquid natural rubber oligomers obtained by controlled chemical degradation of NR.The chain ends of such oligomers can then be functionalized(with acrylate functions in the present case)and reacted with multifunctional crosslinkers in order to form networks.What’s more,the initial solubility of such thermosetting system in an ionic liquid(IL)can be used for the formulation of ionogels.Such solid networks typically containing 80%of IL were produced,resulting in high ionic conductivity performances.The oligomer chain length was shown to affect IL fragility due to confinement and specific interactions of ions with the host polymer network. 展开更多
关键词 Natural rubber OLIGOMERS ionogels CONFINEMENT ionic conductivity
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Energy Release Rate Measurement of Welded Bamboo Joints
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作者 Haiyang Zhang Qian He +3 位作者 Xiaoning Lu A.Pizzi Changtong Mei Xianxu Zhan 《Journal of Renewable Materials》 SCIE 2018年第5期450-456,共7页
Double cantilever beam tests were used to measure the energy release rates of linear vibrational welded moso bamboo joints.The influence of the length of the preserved cracks,the different combinations of the inner an... Double cantilever beam tests were used to measure the energy release rates of linear vibrational welded moso bamboo joints.The influence of the length of the preserved cracks,the different combinations of the inner and outer bamboo surfaces and the moisture content is studied herein.The experimental compliance method,which is based on linear elastic fracture mechanics and has been shown to be an ideal method,was used to analyze data with the power equation.The results show that the preserved initial crack length does not have a significant effect on the final measured energy release rate,while the moso bamboo combination does affect the properties dramatically.The welded moso bamboo joints with inner-inner surfaces have the highest energy release rate of 122 J/m^2.The average energy release of the outer-outer combination was only 102 J/m^2.The expansion of the cracks also became easier when the moisture content of the welded joints was 18.5%compared to 4.5% and 10.1%.So the moisture resistance of the welded joints should be duly improved. 展开更多
关键词 Energy release rate welded moso bamboo moisture content DCB test
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Characterization and Selection of Microcrystalline Cellulose from Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunches for Strengthening Hydrogel Films
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作者 Susi Susi Makhmudun Ainuri +1 位作者 Wagiman Wagiman Mohammad Affan Fajar Falah 《Journal of Renewable Materials》 EI CAS 2024年第3期513-537,共25页
Microcrystalline cellulose(MCC)is one of the cellulose derivatives produced as a result of the depolymerization of a part of cellulose to achieve high crystallinity.When implemented in other polymers,high crystallinit... Microcrystalline cellulose(MCC)is one of the cellulose derivatives produced as a result of the depolymerization of a part of cellulose to achieve high crystallinity.When implemented in other polymers,high crystallinity correlates with greater strength and stiffnes,but it can reduce the water-holding capacity.The acid concentration and hydrolysis time will affect the acquisition of crystallinity and water absorption capacity,both of which have significance as properties of hydrogel filler.The study aimed to evaluate the properties and select the MCC generated from varying the proportion of hydrochloric acid(HCl)and the appropriate hydrolysis time as a filler for film hydrogel.MCC was produced by hydrolyzing cellulose of oil palm empty fruit bunches(OPEFB)with the HCl solution at varied concentrations and periods.The results show that the longer hydrolysis times and higher HCl concentrations increase crystallinity and density while lowering yield and water absorption.The extensive acid hydrolysis reduces the amorphous area significantly,allowing the depolymerization to occur and extend the crystalline area.The morphological properties of the MCC,which are smaller but compact,indicate the presence of disintegrating and diminishing structures.A 2.5 N HCl concentration and a 45-min hydrolysis time succeed in sufficient crystallinity as well as maintaining good water absorption capacity.The treatment produced MCC with absorption capacity of 4.03±0.26 g/g,swelling capacity of 5.03±0.26 g/g,loss on drying of 1.44%±0.36,bulk and tapped density of 0.27±0.031 g/cm^(3) and 0.3±0.006 g/cm^(3),respectively,with a crystallinity index of 88.89%±4.76 and a crystallite size of 4.23±0.70 nm.The MCC generated could potentially be utilized as a hydrogel film filler,since a given proportion will be able to maintain the strength of the hydrogel,not readily dissolve but absorb water significantly. 展开更多
关键词 Acid hydrolysis HYDROGEL OPEFB microcrystalline cellulose water absorption
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Properties of Eco-Friendly Oriented Strand Board Produced from Oil Palm Trunk
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作者 Ragil Widyorini Greitta Kusuma Dewi +2 位作者 Arif Nuryawan Eddy Heraldy Nanang Masruchin 《Journal of Renewable Materials》 EI CAS 2024年第10期1757-1770,共14页
Despite its considerable potential,oil palm trunk(OPT)remains underutilized,largely owing to the cyclical replanting process that occurs every 25–30 years.This study aimed to address this issue by developing an ecofr... Despite its considerable potential,oil palm trunk(OPT)remains underutilized,largely owing to the cyclical replanting process that occurs every 25–30 years.This study aimed to address this issue by developing an ecofriendly oriented strand board(OSB)using vascular bundles(VBs)from oil palm,both in binderless form and with the incorporation of natural adhesives made from sucrose and ammonium dihydrogen phosphate(ADP).The VB was extracted from OPT using a pressure cooker and mixed with a sucrose-ADP solution at various ratios.The mixture was then pressed at temperatures of 180°C and 200°C for 10 min to form boards,which were evaluated based on the Japanese Industrial Standard(JIS)A 5908 for particleboards.Binderless OSB was also manufactured without the use of any adhesive components.Fourier-transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy was conducted to evaluate the VB and its board.The results indicated that the mechanical properties of the binderless OSB met the JIS A 5908 Type 8 requirements.Furthermore,the addition of sucrose-ADP improved the physical and mechanical properties of the board,with an optimal sucrose-to-ADP ratio of 85:15.The OSB with the best properties met the JIS A 5908 Type 13 requirements.The FTIR results indicated that carbonyl groups,furan rings,and lignin played important roles in the bonding properties of the OSB.In conclusion,this research demonstrated the potential of VBs as a raw material for producing environmentally friendly OSB,both in binderless form and with the use of sucrose-ADP. 展开更多
关键词 Oil palm trunk vascular bundles binderless OSB SUCROSE ammonium dihydrogen phosphate
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Nigerian Biomass for Bioenergy Applications:A Review on the Potential and Challenges
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作者 Adekunle A.Adeleke Nzerem Petrus +6 位作者 Salihu Ayuba Asmau M.Yahya Peter P.Ikubanni Ikechuckwu S.Okafor Stephen S.Emmanuel Adebayo I.Olosho Ademidun A.Adesibikan 《Journal of Renewable Materials》 EI 2023年第12期4123-4141,共19页
Nigeria,often referred to as“the giant of Africa,”boasts a sizable population,a thriving economy,and abundant energy resources.Nevertheless,Nigeria has yet to fully harness its renewable energy potential,despite its... Nigeria,often referred to as“the giant of Africa,”boasts a sizable population,a thriving economy,and abundant energy resources.Nevertheless,Nigeria has yet to fully harness its renewable energy potential,despite its enormous capacity in this field.The goal of this review paper is to thoroughly examine the difficulties and untapped opportunities in utilizing biomass for bioenergy production in Nigeria.Notably,Nigeria generates substantial volumes of biomass annually,primarily in the form of agricultural waste,which is often either discarded or burned inefficiently,resulting in significant ecological and environmental damage.Therefore,an efficient approach to reducing pollution and transforming waste into wealth involves converting these biomass resources into energy.This work critically examines the status of biomass utilization for energy applications in Nigeria and highlights the bottlenecks that impede its widespread adoption.The review emphasizes the economic and ecological advantages of biomass utilization over traditional waste treatment methods.Additionally,it underscores the appeal of biomass as an industrial fuel source,particularly considering the current high cost of fossil fuels in contemporary Nigeria.Relevant literature on biomass,energy,agricultural waste,fossil fuel,and calorific value in the context of Nigeria was reviewed by utilizing a thorough search technique in key scientific databases.The analysis did not include any non-English publications.The findings of this research provide valuable insights into the challenges faced in maximizing Nigeria’s biomass potential and offer strategic recommendations to promote the use of biomass for bioenergy development.This review paper will assist a wide range of local and international readers,as well as industries interested in green and bioenergy,in making informed decisions regarding the most suitable types of biomass for biofuel production. 展开更多
关键词 Nigerian biomass BIOENERGY policy support CORNCOB infrastructural development
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Extraction and Characterization of Litopenaeus vannamei’s Shell as Potential Sources of Chitosan Biopolymers
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作者 Che Engku Noramalina Che Engku Chik Amyra Suryatie Kamaruzzan +4 位作者 Ahmad Ideris Abdul Rahim Fathurrahman Lananan Azizah Endut Siti Aslamyah Nor Azman Kasan 《Journal of Renewable Materials》 SCIE EI 2023年第3期1181-1197,共17页
Chitin is the second most abundant polysaccharide,produced mainly as an industrial waste stream during crustacean processing.Chitin can be derived into chitosan through the deacetylation process.Conversion of shrimp w... Chitin is the second most abundant polysaccharide,produced mainly as an industrial waste stream during crustacean processing.Chitin can be derived into chitosan through the deacetylation process.Conversion of shrimp waste into chitosan via the deacetylation process could be considered a practical approach for shell waste remediation.In this study,chitosan’s physicochemical characteristics extracted from two types of Pacific white leg shrimp,L.vannamei’s shell(i.e.,rough and smooth),were compared with commercial chitosan.The yield,moisture,ash,solubility,water and fat binding capacity were measured.The degree of deacetylation(DDA)was calculated using FTIR,and their chemical Structure was confirmed using XRD and SEM-EDS.Both extracted chitosan showed no significant difference in yield,moisture,ash,solubility and water binding capacity but showed a significant difference with commercial chitosan.Moreover,the fat binding capacity of commercial chitosan showed the lowest percentage(408.34±0.83%)as compared to extracted chitosan(smooth shell 549.59±12.48%;rough shell 500.55±12.10%).The DDA indicated that extracted chitosan from the smooth and rough shell was considered good chitosan as compared to commercial chitosan with 84.08±1.27%,80.78±0.79%and 74.99±1.48%,respectively.Additionally,the presence of hydroxyl and amino groups from FTIR and a good crystallinity index was recorded using XRD of extracted chitosan.Based on observed characteristics,shrimp shell waste from L.vannamei can achieve chitosan standard quality as a biopolymer and highly potential to be applied in various industrial applications. 展开更多
关键词 CHITIN CHITOSAN degree of deacetylation L.vannamei shrimp shell surface morphology
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Chicken Eggshell as an Innovative Bioflocculant in Harvesting Biofloc for Aquaculture Wastewater Treatment
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作者 Hajjar Hartini Wan Jusoh Nor Azman Kasan +4 位作者 Hidayah Manan Nurfarahana Mohd Nasir Fareza Hanis Mohd Yunos Sofiah Hamzah Ahmad Jusoh 《Journal of Renewable Materials》 SCIE EI 2023年第5期2321-2332,共12页
Implementation of biofloc technology(BFT)system in aquaculture industry shows high productivity,low feed conversion ratio,and an optimum culture environment.This study was divided into two phases.The first phase invol... Implementation of biofloc technology(BFT)system in aquaculture industry shows high productivity,low feed conversion ratio,and an optimum culture environment.This study was divided into two phases.The first phase involved maintaining the water quality using the optimum carbon-to-nitrogen ratio by manipulating pH in culture water.The second phase examined the performance of harvesting biofloc(remaining phytoplankton and suspended solids in the system)using chicken eggshell powder(CESP).This study showed that pH 7 to 8 were the best biofloc performance with high removal percentage of ammonia(>99%)with a remaining ammonia concentration of 0.016 mg L^(−1)and 0.018 mg L^(−1),respectively.The second phase of this study was performed to determine the optimal formulation and conditions of using CESP as a bio-flocculant in harvesting excess biofloc.The use of eggshell showed a higher harvesting efficiency of more than 80%under the following treatment conditions:0.25 g L^(−1)of eggshell dosage;with rapid and slow mixing rates of 150 and 30 rpm,respectively;30 min of settling time;settling velocity of 0.39 mm s^(−1)and pH of 6 to 7.Therefore,the results indicated that biofloc would be the best green technology approach for sustainable aquaculture wastewater and the CESP is an organic matrix that environmental-friendly bio-coagulant for biofloc harvesting. 展开更多
关键词 Chicken eggshell AQUACULTURE biofloc COAGULANT water quality HARVESTING
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Function of Palm Fiber in Stabilization of Alluvial Clayey Soil in Yangtze River Estuary
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作者 Jili Qu Hao Zhu 《Journal of Renewable Materials》 SCIE EI 2021年第4期767-787,共21页
Palm fiber is one of the favorable materials used in stabilization of soft soil in geotechnical engineering projects in recent years due to its nature of sustainability,no harm to the environment,biodegradability,avai... Palm fiber is one of the favorable materials used in stabilization of soft soil in geotechnical engineering projects in recent years due to its nature of sustainability,no harm to the environment,biodegradability,availability and costeffectiveness in the context of widespread appeal from the world for returning to nature and protecting the earth our homestead.This paper is aimed at exploring the mechanical performance of Shanghai clayey soil reinforced with palm fiber.The unconfined compressive tests are carried out on samples treated with palm fibers of different lengths and contents,and the unconfined compressive strength(UCS),ductility rate(DR),secant modulus(SM),energy absorption capacity(EAC)and failure pattern(FP)of the reinforced and unreinforced samples have been analyzed with regard to their relationship with palm fiber contents and lengths.Then multiple regression,grey correlation and general correlation relationship analysis are applied to the resultant test data so as to obtain the mathematical and statistical equation of related soil indexes.It has been concluded from the analysis that the unconfined compressive strength,ductility and energy absorption capacity of reinforced soil will increase with the increase in content and length of palm fiber,which are maximized when palm fiber content and length are 0.4%and 15 mm,respectively.On the contrary,the secant modulus of reinforced soil decreases considerably with content and length of palm fiber as a whole.Additionally,the failure pattern also changes from brittle to ductile gradually with the content and length of palm fiber.The data provided by the analysis of reinforced soil can be referred to and used for the related geotechnical engineering in the future.And the mathematical model obtained from the statistical regression is significantly meaningful because it can be used to predict the soil performance without the need for doing the additional tests,with saving in cost and time.What’s more,the application of palm fiber to soft soil is completely in accordance to the concept of sustainable development and environment protection. 展开更多
关键词 Palm fiber Shanghai clayey soil UCS EAC multiple regression analysis
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Extraction Hydrolysates from Larimichthys Polyactis Swim Bladder Using Enzymatic Hydrolysis
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作者 Ling Pan Yubo Tao Peng Li 《Journal of Renewable Materials》 SCIE EI 2021年第6期1099-1109,共11页
As a kind of biopolymer,hydrolysates of fish swim bladder,safer than those of land mammals,are widely used in food,cosmetics as well as pharmaceutical and biomedical fields for their biocompatibility,biodegradability,... As a kind of biopolymer,hydrolysates of fish swim bladder,safer than those of land mammals,are widely used in food,cosmetics as well as pharmaceutical and biomedical fields for their biocompatibility,biodegradability,and weak antigenicity.To enhance hydrolysate production,in this paper,the papain and alcalase hydrolysis processes of larimichthys polyactis swim bladder were optimized with orthogonal experiments.With 89.5%hydrolysate yield,the optimal processing conditions for alcalase were solid-liquid ratio of 1:30,enzyme concentration of 0.7%,and extraction time of 6 h.As for papain,under the optimal processing conditions:solid-liquid ratio of 1:20,enzyme concentration of 0.5%,and extraction time of 8 h,the hydrolysate yield was 65.1%.To obtain higher hydrolysate yields,the ultrasonic pretreatments were implemented before the optimal enzyme hydrolysis processes.With ultrasonic waves of 100 W for 50 min,the hydrolysate yields were increased 2.1%(alcalase)and 4.5%(papain),respectively.The Fourier Transform Infrared(FTIR)spectroscopic analysis revealed that the hydrolysates extracted by papain exist in triple-helical forms.The Ultra-Violet(UV)absorption spectra indicated that the aromatic amino acids in the hydrolysates had strong absorptions in the wavelength range of 240 nm–300 nm.The results of this research demonstrate that the alcalase hydrolysates have better solubility in water and the solution is more stable under ambient temperature.However,the hydrolysates extracted by papain have a gel property and are insoluble in weak acid at room temperature,which is more suitable for applications in feedstock of biomedical. 展开更多
关键词 Swim bladder enzymatic hydrolysis ultrasonic-assisted extraction hydrolysates analysis
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A Study for the Influence of the Location of PCMs Assembly System on Improving Thermal Environment inside Disaster-Relief Temporary Houses
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作者 Caixia Wang Xiao Huang +1 位作者 Hongqing Chena Weijie Liang 《Journal of Renewable Materials》 SCIE EI 2021年第7期1239-1252,共14页
Currently,people pay more and more attention to the transitional resettlement of victims after various natural disasters.There is an urgent need for a large number of temporary houses to resettle the victims after nat... Currently,people pay more and more attention to the transitional resettlement of victims after various natural disasters.There is an urgent need for a large number of temporary houses to resettle the victims after natural disasters.Disaster-relief temporary houses(DTHs)played an important role in the post-disaster resettlement in the past,which can not only be produced on a large scale,but also can be quickly and conveniently erected,which were the main means to solve the problem of transitional resettlement.However,due to their temporary nature,there was no extra energy consuming system installed in the DTHs generally.Hence the indoor thermal environment inside the DTHs was severe in summer.In this study,combined with the field experimental tests of the DTHs in Wenchuan Earthquake and Lushan Earthquake and the experimental study of the full-size DTH,it found that the thermal environment inside the DTH was intolerably high in summer.It had negative impact on victims.In order to improve the thermal environment inside DTHs during post-disaster period which lacked of extra energy resources,this study used the method of combining phase change materials(PCMs)with walls of the DTH to explore its feasibility and effectiveness.The results showed that PCMs could effectively improve the thermal environment inside the DTH in summer.Furthermore,the difference of the composite positions between PCMs and the wall affected the improvement effect.The energy release rate of the PCMs assembly system(PAS)varied according to the positions of the PCMs. 展开更多
关键词 Disaster-relief temporary houses(DTHs) phase change materials(PCMs) indoor thermal environment
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