Technology trajectory in aviation:Innovations leading to value creation(2000-2019)

This study identifies relevant innovations and discusses value creation in the aviation industrybetween 2000and 2019.Aviation expertswithexperiencein innovation were selected and invited to complete a survey identifying the leading innovations in the industry.This study contributes to recent aviation history by offering a list of innovations and a discussion of technological path dependency and value proposition with examples.This overview is helpful to academics and practitioners to verify how these innovations have shaped the industry worldwide,making it more efficient,agile,sustainable,and safe.The innovations selected comprise consolidated technologies and emerging advances introduced in the timeframe proposed.33 innovations primarily related to incremental and technical typologies that add value to products were mapped.In addition,this study provides insightful findings by classifying the value created for the aviation sector into five innovation clusters:(1)aircraft technology,adding value in terms of efficiency and sustainability;(2)innovation in passenger services,creating more personalized services and enhancing the customer experience;(3)innovation in flying,adding value in terms of safety and the security environment;(4)business and operational management,improving procedures and revenue;(5)and general applications,adding value in terms of Aviation 4.o(increases in automation and data exchange,including cyber-physical systems,the Internet of Things(IOT)and cloud computing).

Innovation and financial performance of companies doing business in Brazil

In this paper,we analyze the relationships among innovation efforts,the impacts of these innovations,and the financial performance of Brazilian companies.We hypothesize that innovation efforts do not directly translate into financial performance.Due to the inherent uncertainty of innovative projects,such efforts must first lead to effective innovation results or impacts before they are capable of contributing to a company's financial performance.Using the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics'(IBGE)comprehensive official databases on innovation and performance,we study 5,025 firms using exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling.The results suggest that efforts in innovation possibly generate impacts;however,these impacts do not necessarily imply better financial performance.Therefore,although firms'efforts may lead to new products,they will not contribute to financial gains in the short term,reflecting the risky and costly nature of innovation.The study aims to contribute to the discussion on firm-level impacts of innovation from the context of a large developing country,since empirical results of the literature are mixed.

Activity theory for understanding and managing system innovations

This study aims to show how activity theory in the socio-technical systems paradigm can assist in understanding and managing system innovation.We conceptualize sociotechnical systems to address societal needs as activity systems and system innovations as transformations of such systems.Transformations result from resolving contradictions that develop due to technical and social change within and between the activities carried out by various agencies to fulfll societal needs.Along this line,the explanation of system innovations focuses on identifying emerging contradictions,resolution initiatives,and their outcomes,whereas the governance of system innovations can be carried out by interactively developing policies through successive interventions to resolve contradictions.We demonstrate the employment of activity theory to understand the transformation of the recorded music socio-technical system towards streaming,as well as to facilitate the management of the transition of the olive oil-producing sector at the regional level towards a circular economy through the adoption of innovative waste-processing technology.

How the adoption of industry 4.0 technologies is related to participation in global and domestic value chains: Evidence from Russia

This study explores the relationships among Industry 4.0 technologies, their application areas,and the involvement of Russian manufacturing firms in global and domestic value chains. Weapply logit and multinomial logit regressions using an original survey dataset of approximately1700 Russian manufacturing firms. We make a novel contribution to the literature by uncoveringan asymmetry in adopting Industry 4.0 technologies among Russian industrial firms in domesticvalue chains (DVCs) and global value chains (GVCs). This asymmetry has the potential to impedeGVC localization and DVC internationalization. Based on our results, software automation solu-tions are the only ones demonstrating statistical significance for firms participating simulta-neously in GVCs, DVCs, and both GVCs and DVCs. Companies in DVCs demonstrate a broaderutilization of Industry 4.0 technologies across various application areas. We also identify evidenceof reshoring in DVCs, indicating that Industry 4.0 adoption encourages firms to establish enduringrelationships with domestic suppliers. Highlighting that differences in technology adoption areinfluenced by external factors, including adherence to international standards and regulatoryprinciples, we propose policy implications for developing countries. Recommendations encom-pass reducing entry barriers to DVCs, improving procurement transparency, and promotingcompetition in the digital solutions market to empower firms for seamless GVC integration.

Deciphering the black box of HPWSeinnovation link:Modeling the mediatory role of internal social capital

This study investigates the impact of High-Performance Work Systems(HPWS)on radical and incremental innovation in the services industry.Insights from the Social Exchange Theory(SET)and Ability-Motivation-Opportunity(AMO)Framework have been used to assess the role of social capital(SC)as a mediator between HPWS,radical innovation(RI),and incremental innovation(II).By using a simple random sampling technique,328 responses were received from respondents in Pakistan's banking sector firms.For data analysis,structural equation modeling was applied.The results of the study show that HPWS is a significant driver of II,but not RI,in banking sector firms.Moreover,SC plays the role of mediator in the HPWS-innovation link.Outcomes of the study extend the understanding of the“black-box”(i.e.,the transmission mechanism between systems of human resources(HR)practices and innovation).It also contributes to understanding HPWS,SC,II,and RI in the context of Pakistan's banking sector.This study expands on earlier research in the areas of HPWS,SC,and Innovation.It supports the view that internal SC enables RI and II.Prior studies indicated that HPWS drives innovations,yet there has been no clear explanation about the mechanism of this effect.By providing empirical evidence on the mediating role of SC,this study expands on existing literature.Empirical validation of an association between HPWS RI,and II contributes to theory by supporting the tenets of the AMO Framework.Unlike prior research that focused on short-term financial outcomes,this study used RI and II as alternate indicators of organizational performance.Our study expanded the literature into the services sector.Furthermore,we contributed to the methodology by conceptualizing HPWS as a high-order formative construct,resulting in significant model parsimony.Insights from our study are relevant to managers because it shows that HPWS implementation not only helps banks to attract,develop,and retain talent but also facilitates the development of SC,which is critical for enabling the innovation capability of the firm.Top managers need to consider internal SC in the design of HPWS because carefully designed HPWS drives SC.This enables idiosyncratic relationships among members of the organization.Thus,the firm gets a competitive advantage that is harder to be copied by competitors.First,data were collected from a single industry.It will be useful to know the effects of multiple industries in future research.Second,this study did not differentiate between different dimensions of SC,i.e.,structural,cognitive,and relational.It will be interesting to see how these dimensions relate to HPWS and innovation in future research.

Eco-innovative development of industrial ecosystems based on the quintuple helix

This article explores how eco-innovation practices are integrated into different industrial ecosystems in different national and regional contexts,and the role of the quintuple helix model in this integration.The research examines the collaborative interaction of academia,industry,government,civil society,and the natural environment in fostering an integrated eco-innovation ecosystem.The findings underscore the central role of the Quintuple Helix framework in effectively managing eco-innovation,suggesting a comprehensive approach that integrates environmental and societal concerns into a dynamic system for sustainable progress.The study shows that an ecosystem-based approach,underpinned by the quintuple helix,facilitates the rapid exchange of knowledge and resources essential to overcoming eco-innovation challenges,such as high R&D expenditures and the complex integration of sustainable technologies.The quintuple helix model emerges as a strategic imperative for concerted action to achieve eco-efficiency and eco-effectiveness.The study employs an innovative methodological framework based on Quintuple Helix projections using the Eco-Innovation Index(Eco-IS)and highlights significant trends in the roles of academia,industry,government,civil society,and the natural environment in ecoinnovation,with a particular focus on their contributions to eco-innovation leaders,average performers,and catching-up groups.The article describes the different roles and interdependencies of the actors within the ecosystem and urges a coherent,networked strategy for managing eco-innovation,which is crucial for sustainable and responsible growth.Acknowledging the issue of externalities that complicate eco-innovation management,the article posits that the quintuple helix framework can better address these challenges by enabling shared R&D investments and broad diffusion of innovations.This research contributes to the discourse on sustainable industrial development by proposing the quintuple helix as a transformative model for improving eco-innovation performance and fostering a culture of sustainability.

Global production aspirations and internationalization by state-owned enterprises:A Co-evolutionary view of statedriven industrialized economy

The study aims to explore whether internationalization by state-owned enterprises is a curse or blessing in the context of aspirant industrial economies,such as China.What do state-owned enterprises'global production aspirations,such as outward foreign direct investment,bring into their home country?To answer this question,this study proposes a unique,co-evolutionary perspective of the state-driven industrialized economy by leveraging insights from economic discoveries such as Adam Smith's wealth of nations,David Ricardo's comparative advantage,and Michael Porter's competitive advantage.This view suggests that an outward foreign investment strategy may likely provide state-owned enterprises with access to resources and advanced production technologies,enhance innovation capabilities,gain more competitive advantage,and achieve superior performance,thus leading to spillover effects on their home country's wealth,comparative advantage,and competitiveness.This study discusses China's grand policies,economic performance,and successful cross-border industrial acquisitions.

Knowledge and learning in the horticultural innovation system: A case of Kashmir valley of India

The system of innovation(SI)in the agriculture sector,termed as Agricultural Innovation System(AIS),is one of the most recent trends in innovation research,especially in the developing economies.This approach considers several factors such as actors,complex networks and learning,socio-cultural and political factors that affect the innovation process within a dynamic system.Using the AIS approach,the present paper explores the knowledge and learning interactions in the horticultural sector of Kashmir Valley of India,which offers a mix of both formal and informal activities.The research methodology is qualitative in nature based on both primary and secondary data.For primary data collection,apple growers,private and government sector actors were interviewed and secondary data is based on various reports and published materials related to the apple production in Kashmir.The analysis explores the interactions of knowledge production by formal and informal means in the horticultural sector specifically focusing on the informal ways.In the study,taking the case of canker disease treatment in apple trees by informal ways depicts the productive use of informal knowledge in the horticultural system.It was observed that many factors(social networks,life-long experiences,learning,coordination and group interactions)affect the informal knowledge generation process and the connectivity between formal and informal actors is lagging in the horticulture sector.

Success Factors of Asia‐Pacific Fast‐Developing Regions’Technological Innovation Development and Economic Growth

Asia‐Pacific’s fast‐developing countries and regions(FDCs)—South Korea,Taiwan Province of China,Singapore,Malaysia,and Thailand—demonstrate the most successful economic development models.The government represents the primary guarantee of FDCs’economic and social construction.Public and foreign investments and government policies to stimulate local and foreign businesses play a decisive role in the development of technological innovations in these FDCs.In these countries,basic research is increasing through the development of knowledge‐based industries,the role of research institutes,the applied research undertaken,and the value of educational institutions.Close cooperation between science and industry led to a change in the structure and nature of the economy,which has become increasingly dependent on new knowledge and ideas.

Reliability and validity of the public innovation Hexagon(PIH)as applied to the Spanish social services

Social services are a protection system that seeks to assist people throughout their lives.Innovation is essential for enabling us to respond to the problems that society is currently facing and to adapt to our changing world.This paper validates an instrument based on the Public Innovation Hexagon(PIH),for measuring the degree to which an innovation culture is being implemented in the Spanish social services system.A sample group of social services professionals were asked to complete a questionnaire based on the variables that make up the PIH model.After our initial validation of the PIH model,we reduced the 42 initial items to 32,while maintaining the initial six dimensions.The objective was to eliminate redundant items and ensure that the resulting end model was more solid and reliable.The new improved model(PIHn)that we created achieved greater consistency with a smaller number of items while maintaining the initial six dimensions.

Allocentrism and numerator-based innovation:Panel data evidence

We explore the existence of a relationship between firms’allocentric approach,measured by their collaboration activities for innovation,and the orientation of their innovation.In particular,we propose a distinction between numerator-driven and denominator-driven innovation and how that relates to collaboration.We discuss the theoretical underpinnings of this relationship and test its existence using survey data from the PITEC,a panel of Spanish firms.We find that cooperation is indeed associated with a greater emphasis on numerator-driven innovation relative to denominator-driven innovation.

Trade and innovation: Unraveling a complex nexus

This paper reviews the theoretical and empirical economic literature on the innovation effect of international trade. To this end, we focus on technological innovation that targets product characteristics. We highlight three main channels through which international trade can affect innovation by domestic firms:increasing market size, intensifying market competition and facilitating foreign sourcing. While the market size effect of trade on domestic innovation is found to be predominantly positive, the effects of market competition and foreign sourcing are ambiguous and can depend on a variety of factors. Moreover, the impact of trade on innovation is likely heterogeneous across firms.

Commercialization of disruptive innovations:Literature review and proposal for a process framework

The challenges of disruptive innovations have gained significant attention from both academics and practitioners,commercialization being one of the most critical phases.At the same time,however,it is the less studied area of disruptive innovation.Therefore,this article examined scholarly papers on the commercialization of disruptive innovations through a multidisciplinary systematic literature review.It resulted in the analysis of 64 high-quality peer-reviewed academic articles.The analysis highlighted the commercialization models and main constructs that are affecting the commercialization process:market orientation,market learning,user’s involvement,market configuration,adoption networks and stakeholders,and innovation transference.The study evidences how commercialization has evolved from a later stage in innovation to influence even the early phases of innovation,characterized in turn by exploration,learning and ecosystem creation activities.Additionally,the analysis led to a proposition that established an integrated commercialization model for high uncertainty innovations.The model has three phases:1)Concept/value proposition validation,2)Business model validation&Market creation,and 3)Creating sales in the majority market.Lastly,the article contributes to a better understanding of commercialization processes in high uncertainty innovations,bridging also the academic-practitioner divide.

Unravelling the drivers of technological innovations in the Czech Republic: Do international technological linkages matter?

This study aims to investigate the main factors driving technological innovation within firms in the manufacturing and service sectors of the Czech Republic.We apply a binary logistic regression model to cross-sectional data from 502 firms,obtained from the World Bank Enterprise Survey.The results of our empirical investigation show that certain elements of the business environment,such as the tax rate,serve as significant obstacles to firms’product innovations.The results also confirm that international technological linkagesdmeasured by international quality certificates and foreign technology licensesdaffect technological innovations.Moreover,we found that internal R&D activities positively impact technological innovation across all sectors;contrarily,we found that process innovation in the manufacturing sector is positively influenced by foreign technology licenses and business association membership.Process innovations in the service sector are positively correlated with external R&D and financing from banking institutions.Finally,business association membership does not positively influence technological innovation in the service sector.Our findings have salient implications for firm managers,policymakers,and scholars aiming to explore and improve innovation outcomes in transitional economies.

Cognitive style and fostering of technological adaptation drive E-entrepreneurial of new mature business

This study aims to reveal the key drivers that influence young individuals to participate in e-entrepreneurship,an increasingly important aspect of economic growth and innovation.Through a survey of 305 Omani entrepreneurs,this research found that entrepreneurship role models,opportunity evaluation decisions,and entrepreneurship education were positively related to the intention to pursue e-entrepreneurship.Moreover,self-perceived creativity was found to significantly enhance the relationships among entrepreneurship role models,entrepreneurship education,and e-entrepreneurship intention.The results of this study offer valuable insights for policymakers in Oman as they highlight the crucial role that entrepreneurship role models,opportunity evaluation decisions,entrepreneurship education,and self-perceived creativity play in shaping young individuals'attitudes toward e-entrepreneurship.This study makes important theoretical and practical contributions and provides a roadmap for policymakers seeking to promote entrepreneurship and support the growth of new business ventures.

The roles of gamification, knowledge creation, and entrepreneurial orientation towards firm performance

In a highly competitive industry,it has been a best practice that dynamic capabilities guide technology firms to cope with challenging situations.Meanwhile,knowledge creation enables the firm to condition the success and continuity of innovations,entrepreneurial orientation to support companies in winning the competition,and gamification to engage employees in a collaborative way towards better firm performance.This study examines how technology companies can improve their performance using gamification,knowledge creation,and entrepreneurial orientation.To test the proposed model,we collected data using a questionnaire survey of 124 technology companies in Indonesia.The theoretical model used structural equation modeling(SEM)with SmartPLS 3.The results show that all constructs have a direct and positive relationship,except for the direct relationship between gamification and firm performance.Thus,entrepreneurial orientation and knowledge creation are essential components of technology companies that mediate the effect of gamification on firm performance.This study provides a theoretical and empirical basis for the antecedents of technological firm performance.

The rise of the digital economy:Thoughts on blockchain technology and cryptocurrencies for the collaborative economy

This study highlights the potential impacts of blockchain technology on the collaborativeeconomy(CE),colloquially known as the sharing economy.This conceptual review firstanalyzes how the CE intersects with the blockchain technology.Collaborative consumptioninvolves an intensification of peer-to-peer trade,underpinned by robust digital in-frastructures and processes,hence an increased use of new technologies and a redefinitionof business activities.As an inherently connected economy,the CE is,therefore,prone tointegrating the most recent technological advances including artificial intelligence,bigdata analysis,augmented reality,the smart grid,and blockchain technology.This reviewthen furthers the examination of the organizational and managerial implications related tothe use of blockchain technology in terms of governance,transaction costs,and userconfidence.A closing case finally examines the role of a prominent social networking site(i.e.,Facebook)in the CE-blockchain nexus.

Shifting the paradigm:A critical review of social innovation literature

In this review of ten years of social innovation research(2012e2022),we define and explore three paradigms in the field:instrumentalist,strong,and democratic.We investigate how language usage and geography play a central role in identifying which paradigms recently published scholarship falls into.While we do not insist that sharp divisions exist between each paradigm,we do find that on the“instrumentalist”side,language tends to abstract or neutralize power relations.Further,these perspectives tend to derive from Western or Eurocentric orientations or biases.The“strong”paradigm accepts the necessity of institutional and stakeholder engagement and seeks to engage socially excluded populations.In contrast,geographical diversity,attendance to historicized and systemic inequalities,and elevation of the most marginalized communities are more likely to be centered in the“democratic”paradigm.We apply this discussion to recent research in arts-related social innovation and the related field of social entrepreneurship.

Assessing business incubation:A review on benchmarking

This paper studies benchmarking on Business Incubators(BIs),aggregating the state of knowledge about benchmarks for BI assessment.Based on 136 papers that evaluate BI performance,this study first investigates all Key Performance Indicators(KPIs)provided by 42 BI assessment studies and the relevant benchmarks for each KPI.The final benchmark list is created by taking seven of the most prominent benchmarking studies as a basis.With this framework,this research contributes to the literature on BI assessment by providing comprehensive and aggregated benchmarks for these important innovation habitats.A final list of 33 benchmarks is provided so that BI assessment,for which no common framework exists,becomes easier.This study suggests that with the difficulty of creating a common assessment framework for BIs,it is more reasonable to create a common benchmarking framework that accounts for regional and industrial differences.The results could be subject to a multiple criteria decision analysis.Our paper is the first to aggregate the diverse information on benchmarking and provide researchers and BI managers with a base list of benchmarks.